Anticancer effects and potential mechanisms of ginsenoside Rh2 in various cancer types (Review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Zhang ◽  
Song Park ◽  
Hai Huang ◽  
Eungyung Kim ◽  
Junkoo Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginsenoside Rh2 ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Cancer Types

scholarly journals Recent Advancements on Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Resveratrol in Tumor Microenvironment

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Gagan Chhabra ◽  
Chandra K. Singh ◽  
Deeba Amiri ◽  
Neha Akula ◽  
Nihal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment is emerging as an important area of research for the treatment of cancer patients. Several synthetic and natural agents are being investigated for their ability to enhance the immunogenic responses of immune cells present in the tumor microenvironment to impede tumor cell growth and dissemination. Among them, resveratrol, a stilbenoid found in red grapes and many other natural sources, has been studied extensively. Importantly, resveratrol has been shown to possess activity against various human diseases, including cancer. Mechanistically, resveratrol has been shown to regulate an array of signaling pathways and processes involving oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and several anticancer effects. Furthermore, recent research suggests that resveratrol can regulate various cellular signaling events including immune cell regulation, cytokines/chemokines secretion, and the expression of several other immune-related genes. In this review, we have summarized recent findings on resveratrol’s effects on immune regulatory cells and associated signaling in various cancer types. Numerous immunomodulatory effects of resveratrol suggest it may be useful in combination with other cancer therapies including immunotherapy for effective cancer management.

scholarly journals Limonene and BEZ 235 inhibits growth of COLO-320 and HCT-116 colon cancer cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ratna Reddy Yakkanti ◽  
P Chandra Sekhar ◽  
K Bharath Nandhan Reddy ◽  
S Ramamoorthy ◽  
S Ranga Suresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Clonogenic Potential ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Hct 116 Cells ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

<p>D-Limonene is a dietary monoterpene with significant anticancer activity against many cancer types in preclinical and clinical studies. The study is designed to investigate synergistic anticancer effects of limonene and BEZ235 combination in COLO-320 and HCT-116 colon cancer cells. Cells were treated with both the drugs alone and in combination and the effects on cell viability; cell migration and clonogenic potential were examined. Results show that both drugs exhibited dose and time dependant cytotoxicity on the cell lines tested. CompuSyn analysis of the drug combination effects revealed the strong synergistic interaction of the combination. Our results also indicate that COLO-320 cells were more sensitive for anticancer effects of the drugs than HCT-116 cells. The presence of Ras and PI3K mutations in HCT-116 cells could possibly be one of the main reasons for the observed outcome as compared to the wild type expressions of them in COLO-320 cells.</p>

scholarly journals Anticancer Effects of Novel Tetrahydro-Dimethyl-Xanthene-Diones

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-916
Author(s):  
Alagumuthu Manikandan ◽  
Arumugam Sivakumar ◽  
Poonam S. Nigam ◽  
Ayyakannu A. Napoleon
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Xanthene Derivatives ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
In Silico Molecular Docking

Background: The derivatives of xanthene are known to have promising anticancer properties, in comparison to xanthene itself. Objective: The object of our study was to develop few xanthene derivatives (a family of fifteen novel 3,4,6,7- tetrahydro-3,3-dimethyl-9-phenyl-2H-xanthene-1,8(5H, 9H)-diones encoded as 4a-4m), which were effectively prepared through regioselective synthesis approach, and to test their anticancer effects. Methods: A series of cell lines were used in this study, first to assess the cytotoxicity and then the drug efficacy of target compounds, consecutively. Prior to MTT assay, the compounds were analysed for their antioxidant properties, since oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of many cancer types. The anticancer properties of 4a-m have been assessed over in silico (molecular docking and ADMET assessments) and in vitro (MTT assay) methods. Results: Compounds 4h and 4i showed a relative percentage anticancer activity of 86.25±1.25 & 89.74±1.64 against BT474 (ER+HER2+), and 90.56±1.18 & 93.24±1.80 against MCF-7 (ER-HER2), respectively. Conclusion: The animal model and pre-clinical studies for 4h and 4i should be performed in order to develop them as future anticancer agents.

scholarly journals Anticancer Properties of Eugenol: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7407
Author(s):  
Ali T. Zari ◽  
Talal A. Zari ◽  
Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Conventional cancer treatments have shown several unfavourable adverse effects, as well as an increase in anticancer drug resistance, which worsens the impending cancer therapy. Thus, the emphasis is currently en route for natural products. There is currently great interest in the natural bioactive components from medicinal plants possessing anticancer characteristics. For example, clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) (Family Myrtaceae) is a highly prized spice that has been historically utilized as a food preservative and for diverse medical uses. It is reckoned amongst the valued sources of phenolics. It is indigenous to Indonesia but currently is cultivated in various places of the world. Among diverse active components, eugenol, the principal active component of S. aromaticum, has optimistic properties comprising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer actions. Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is a musky oil that is mainly obtained from clove. It has long been utilized all over the world as a result of its broad properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Eugenol continues to pique investigators’ interest because of its multidirectional activities, which suggests it could be used in medications to treat different ailments. Anticancer effects of eugenol are accomplished by various mechanisms like inducing cell death, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis on several cancer cell lines. Besides, eugenol might be utilized as an adjunct remedy for patients who are treated with conventional chemotherapy. This combination leads to a boosted effectiveness with decreased toxicity. The present review focuses on the anticancer properties of eugenol to treat several cancer types and their possible mechanisms.

scholarly journals Pleiotropic Effects of Metformin on the Antitumor Efficiency of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Liu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Jianquan Luo ◽  
Mouze Liu ◽  
Zhiying Luo
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Cancer Types

Cancer is an important threat to public health because of its high morbidity and mortality. In recent decades, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have ushered a new therapeutic era in clinical oncology. The rapid development of immune checkpoint therapy is due to its inspiring clinical efficacy in a group of cancer types. Metformin, an effective agent for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has shown beneficial effects on cancer prevention and cancer treatment. Emerging studies have suggested that metformin in combination with ICI treatment could improve the anticancer effects of ICIs. Hence, we conducted a review to summarize the effects of metformin on ICI therapy. We also review the pleiotropic mechanisms of metformin combined with ICIs in cancer therapy, including its direct and indirect effects on the host immune system.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL FOODS FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CANCER

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
SIDDHITA TIWARY ◽  
MD SADIQUE HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Carcinoma Stomach ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Population

After cardiovascular diseases, in most developed nations cancer is the second leading cause of mortality. Additional to the rising tumor-related behaviors, especially smoking in developing nations, the global prevalence of cancer keeps climbing primarily cos of the aging and expansion of the global population. Lung carcinoma, liver carcinoma, intestinal carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, stomach carcinoma, etc., are the largest global burden of cancer types. More than half of all cases of cancer and mortality are considered preventable globally. There are food components that, beyond basic nutrition, provide health benefits. These functional foods are known to do more than just provide nutrients because they help to sustain health and thereby decrease the risk of disease. In recent times, functional foods have acquired enormous importance for their anticipated visualized involvement in the treatment of various pathologies such as cancer. To see the impact of functional foods on wellbeing or cancer or associated states, there are very few researches performed worldwide. Several functional foods derived from diverse sources, such as plants, animals, and microbial sources, have noticeable anticancer effects. In this review, we show light on the different types of cancers and also highlighted different functional foods that can help in the prevention as well as treatment of different types of carcinoma.

The Chemosensitizing Role of Metformin in Anticancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Tang ◽  
Nan Tang ◽  
Shanshan Jiang ◽  
Yangjinming Bai ◽  
Chenxi Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Selective Targeting ◽  
Cancer Types

: Chemoresistance, which leads to the failure of chemotherapy and further tumor recurrence, presents the largest hurdle for the success of anticancer therapy. In recent years, metformin, a widely used first-line antidiabetic drug, has attracted increasing attention for its anticancer effects. A growing body of evidence indicates that metformin can sensitize tumor responses to different chemotherapeutic drugs, such as hormone modulating drugs, anti-metabolite drugs, antibiotics, and DNA-damaging drugs via selective targeting of cancer stem cells (CSCs), improving the hypoxic microenvironment, and by suppressing tumor metastasis and inflammation. In addition, metformin may regulate metabolic programming, induce apoptosis, reverse epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and multidrug resistance (MDR). In this review, we summarize the chemosensitization effects of metformin and focus primarily on its molecular mechanisms in enhancing the sensitivity of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs, through targeting of mTOR, ERK/P70S6K, NF-κB/HIF-1α, and mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, as well as by down-regulating the expression of CSC genes and pyruvate kinase isoenzyme M2 (PKM2). Through a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of chemosensitization provided in this review, the rationale for the use of metformin in clinical combination medications can be more systematically and thoroughly explored for wider adoption against numerous cancer types.

Anticancer Effects of Ginsenoside Rh2: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Ling He ◽  
Xiao-Huang Xu ◽  
Jia-Jie Shi ◽  
Mingqing Huang ◽  
Yitao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Severe Toxicity ◽  
Ginsenoside Rh2 ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Application Prospects

Background: As one of the effective pharmacological constituents of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2) exerts a remarkable anticancer effect on various cancer cell lines in vitro and strongly inhibits tumor growth in vivo without severe toxicity. Objective: This article reviewed existing evidence supporting the anticancer effects of Rh2 to classify and conclude previous and current knowledge on the mechanisms and therapeutic effects of Rh2, as well as to promote the clinical application of this natural product. Conclusion: This article reviewed the anticancer efficacies and mechanisms of Rh2, including the induction of cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death, repression of metastasis, alleviation of drug resistance, and regulation of the immune system. Finally, this paper discussed the research and application prospects of Rh2.

Biological sex shapes tumour evolution across cancer types

Nature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Ledford
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sex ◽  
Cancer Types
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