scholarly journals Primary Bartholin Adenocarcinoma: a Rare Case and Radiotherapy as Definitive Treatment

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-989
Author(s):  
Lokot Donna Lubis ◽  
Sarah Dina ◽  
Derissa Khairina Khaidirman
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Gynecologic Malignancies ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
S 100

Primary vulvar adenocarcinoma is a very rare neoplasm, accounting for only 1% of all gynecologic malignancies. Most of the glandular carcinomas originated from the Bartholin’s gland. Because of the rare incidence, the pathogenesis and radiotherapy response are not fully understood. A 47-year-old female from our hospital was diagnosed with primary Bartholin adenocarcinoma and received radiotherapy as definitive treatment. We evaluated the presence of high-risk and low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA to associate the role of HPV infection, and evaluated its molecular features by the expression of vimentin, p16, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, S-100, and Ki 67.

scholarly journals Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lita Uthaithammarat ◽  
Ngamjit Kasetsuwan ◽  
Yuda Chongpison ◽  
Pimpetch Kasetsuwan ◽  
Usanee Reinprayoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

AbstractThis study evaluated human papillomavirus’s (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations. Conjunctival and pterygium swabs and first-void urine samples (i.e., genitalia samples) were collected for HPV DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tear cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tears were evaluated. No HPV DNA was detected in conjunctival or pterygium swabs. No association was found between HPV DNA in urine samples and that from conjunctival or pterygium swabs. Tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in pterygium patients than in HCs, with no markedly different levels between primary and recurrent pterygia. Tear IL-6, IL-18, and tear VEGF were significantly higher in participants with DE, regardless of pterygium status. In conclusion, HPV infection was not a pathogenic factor of pterygia. The hypothesis of HPV transmitting from the genitals to ocular surfaces was nullified. Tear VEGF was involved in both pterygia and DE, whereas tear IL-6 and IL-18 played roles only in DE.

A Clinicopathologic Study on the Role of Estrogen, Progesterone, and Their Classical and Nonclassical Receptors in Cutaneous Neurofibromas of Individuals With Neurofibromatosis 1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela E Rozza-de-Menezes ◽  
Lilian M Almeida ◽  
Raquel M Andrade-Losso ◽  
Gustavo de Souza Vieira ◽  
Orlando H K Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Neurofibromatosis 1 ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study ◽  
Cutaneous Neurofibromas

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the expression of progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and G protein–coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) in cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs) and their correlation with demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). The association of PROGINS polymorphism and PR expression in cNFs, as well as the serum steroidal hormones and the number of cNFs, was investigated. Methods The sample comprised 80 large and 80 small cNFs from 80 individuals with NF1. PR, ER, GPER-1, and Ki-67 expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry in tissue micro- and macroarrays and quantified using a digital computer-assisted method. The number of cNFs, the levels of serum 17β estradiol and progesterone, and the PROGINS polymorphism were identified. Results Twelve (8.5%) small cNFs were weakly positive for ER, 131 (92.3%) cNFs expressed PR, and all (100%) cNFs expressed GPER-1. Large cNFs showed a higher expression of PR (P < .0001) and GPER-1 (P = .019) and had a higher intensity of staining for these receptors (P < .0001). The cell proliferation index was positively correlated with PR (P = .001). Persons with more cNFs had higher serum levels of progesterone (P = .001). Conclusions These findings emphasize the role of estrogen and progesterone in cNF development and suggest that these hormones may act on cNF cells via a noncanonical pathway through GPER-1.

scholarly journals Italian observational study on HPV infection, E6, and p16 expression in men with penile cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcisa Muresu ◽  
Giovanni Sotgiu ◽  
Laura Saderi ◽  
Illari Sechi ◽  
Antonio Cossu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Penile Cancer ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important causes of cancer. It can play a role in cervical and extra-cervical cancers. Penile cancer is rare, even if an increasing trend was recently reported. Aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes in cases of penile cancer diagnosed in Sardinia, Italy. Surrogate markers of HPV infection (i.e., E6 and p16 genes) were also evaluated in all cases. Methods An observational, retrospective study which recruited all cases of penile cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2019 at a tertiary care hospital in Sardinia, Italy, was carried out. HPV-DNA detection and genotyping were performed by Real-time PCR. Specimens were tested for oncogene E6 mRNA and for p16(INK4a) expression. Results HPV prevalence was 28.1% (9/32); HPV-16 was the most prevalent genotype (7/9, 77.8%). p16INK4a positivity was found in 66.7% of the samples with a statistically significant difference between HPV-positive and -negative groups. E6-transcript was detected in 71% of the HPV-16 positive samples. The overall survival was not statistically different between HPV-positives and -negatives. Discussion The present study confirms the etiologic role of HPV in penile cancer and supports the adoption of vaccination strategies in men and women. Further studies should clarify the diagnostic and prognostic role of E6 and p16 proteins. Conclusion HPV infection can favor the occurrence of penile cancer, whose diagnosis and prognosis could be improved with the implementation of validated molecular techniques.

scholarly journals Novel concepts in cervical cancer screening: a comparison of VIA, HPV DNA test and p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology in Western Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elkanah Omenge Orang’o ◽  
Edwin Were ◽  
Oliver Rode ◽  
Kapten Muthoka ◽  
Michael Byczkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Triage Test

Abstract Background Screening of unvaccinated women remains essential to mitigate the high morbidity/mortality of cervical cancer. Here, we compared visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), recommended by WHO as the most cost-effective screening approach in LMICs, with HPV-based screening, and usage of p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology. Methods We prospectively enrolled women participating in a VIA-based cervical cancer screening program in two peri-urban health centers of Kenya. Consenting women had a VIA examination preceded by collection of a liquid-based cytology sample from the cervix stored in PreservCyt medium (Hologic®). Analysis of all samples included a hrHPV DNA test and evaluation of a p16INK4a /Ki-67 (CINtecPLUS®) dual stained slide that was prepared using the ThinPrep® 2000 Processor and evaluated by a pathologist trained in the methodology. Results In 701 of a total of 800 women aged 18–64 years, all three investigations were performed and data could be analyzed. The HPV, VIA and dual stain cytology positivity were 33%, 7%, and 2% respectively. The HPV positivity rate of VIA positive cases was 32%. The five most common HPV types were HPV16, 52, 68, 58 and 35. The OR among HIV infected women of an HPV infection, VIA positivity and positive dual stain cytology were 2.6 (95%CI 1.5–4.3), 1.9 (95%CI 0.89–4.4) and 3.4 (95%CI 1.07–10.9) respectively. The sensitivity of VIA to detect a p16INK4a/Ki-67 positive transforming infection was 13% (95%CI 2–38). Conclusions Primary HPV testing appears feasible and should be considered as a primary screening test also in LMICs. The poor sensitivity of VIA renders it unsuitable as a triage test for HPV positive women. The utility of p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology as a triage test for HPV positive women in LMICs should be further studied.

Dual p16 and Ki-67 Expression in Liquid-Based Cervical Cytological Samples Compared to Pap Cytology Findings, Biopsies, and HPV Testing in Cervical Cancer Screening: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Calaça Kabbach Prigenzi ◽  
Thaís  Heinke ◽  
Rafael Calil Salim ◽  
Gustavo Rubino de Azevedo Focchi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Design Sensitivity ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Hpv Dna

Objective: Our objective was to verify the sensitivity and specificity of dual immunocytochemistry staining for p16 and Ki-67 in liquid-based samples (the “dual” assay) for cervical lesion screening, compared to biopsy findings and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA molecular detection. Study Design: Sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values for the “dual immunocytochemistry assay” were calculated and compared to histopathological results and to high-risk HPV DNA detection in adult women or teenagers submitted to cervical cancer screening. Results: A total of 151 women were included. The majority (96.2%) of those with negative dual assay results had lower biopsy grades (p < 0.001). Women with cytology results suggestive of cervical cancer had positive dual immunocytochemistry assay results more frequently (p < 0.001), and these positive results were also significantly associated with biopsy findings (p < 0.001) and with high-risk genotype HPV infection (p = 0.007). Specificity and PPV for the dual assay were 0.972 (0.855–0.999) and 0.800 (0.284–0.995), respectively, and 1.000 (0.590–1.000) and 1.000 (0.631–1.000) for HPV detection. Conclusions: The dual immunocytochemistry assay had high specificity and PPV. It reveals a persistent HPV infection, avoiding the need for new tissue collections for biopsies or hybrid capture.

scholarly journals Male and Couple Fertility Impairment due to HPV-DNA Sperm Infection: Update on Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Impact—Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Gizzo ◽  
Bruno Ferrari ◽  
Marco Noventa ◽  
Emanuele Ferrari ◽  
Tito Silvio Patrelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Possible Cause

Recent evidences identify Human Papillomavirus (HPV) sperm infection as a possible cause of male and couple infertility. It acts through different mechanisms at various steps of human conception and early gestational development. We performed a systematic review to assess the role of HPV semen infection on male and couple infertility. Analysis of available and eligible data does not permit us to fund clear evidences about clinical impact of HPV infection on fertility, although sperm parameters impairment is the most widely recognized effect. Regarding biomolecular implications, the available data are often conflicting. More studies are required to define the role of HPV sperm infection in clinical practice. The great majority of evidences are obtained byin vitrostudies and this fact represents a limitation for the clinical management of HPVDNA sperm infection. Understanding the biological significance of HPV-DNA semen infection could permit us to explain most of the idiopathic male and couple infertility, leading to a better management of infertile men and a better timing for sperm banking storage before ART cycles.

Studying the interrelation between the HPV infection status and the morphological features of bladder cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17003-e17003
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Zykova ◽  
Alexey N. Shevchenko ◽  
Irina A. Khomutenko ◽  
Elena V. Filatova ◽  
Elena A. Shevyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Bladder Mucosa ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status

e17003 Background: The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and larynx is considered proven. At the same time, there are conflicting data in the literature on the role of HPV in the development of bladder cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection in patients with BC, identifying the relationship between the status of infection and the morphological characteristics of the tumor. Methods: The study included 46 patients (10 women and 36 men) with morphologically confirmed urothelial cancer. Samples of urine, tumor tissue and a healthy bladder mucosa were examined. HPV DNA was determined by real-time PCR. Results: 28 (60.9%) patients were infected with high-risk HPV, including 6 (60.0%) women and 22 (61.1%) men. In 14 (30.4%) patients, HPV DNA was found in the tissue of the bladder mucosa: in 6 (13.0%) cases it was only in tumor tissue, in 4 (8.7%) only in healthy mucosa, in 4 (8.7%) simultaneously in healthy and tumor tissue. HPV DNA was detected in urine in 22 (47.8%) patients. The simultaneous presence of HPV DNA in the tissue of the bladder mucosa and urine was found in 8 (28.6%) HPV-positive patients. Single HPV infection was found in 20 (71.4%) patients, two types were found in 8 (28.6%). When analyzing type diversity, it was found that HPV16 infected 14 (38.9%) patients; HPV18, 31, 39 and 56 were determined in 4 (11.1%) cases each; 33, 52 and 59 types in 2 (5.6%) cases. Chronic inflammation was noted in 12 (26.1%) patients, 6 (50.0%) of them were HPV-positive. Among HPV-positive patients, invasive cancer was registered in 18 (64.3%), non-invasive cancer in 10 (35.7%) patients. Among HPV-negative patients, these rates were 14 (77.8%) and 4 (22.2%), respectively (p > 0.05). In the group of HPV-positive patients, tumors with a low degree of differentiation were found in 16 (57.1%), moderate in 6 (21.4%), high in 6 (21.4%). Among HPV-negative patients, these indicators were 4 (22.2%), 12 (66.7%) and 2 (11.1%), respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusions: HPV infection was detected in 60.9% of patients, including tumor tissue infection in 21.7% of patients. The most common HPV type was HPV16. There was no statistically significant difference between HPV-positive and negative tumors.

scholarly journals Co-occurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in newborns and their parents

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Skoczyński ◽  
Anna Goździcka-Józefiak ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Childhood Diseases ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Specific Pcr

Abstract Background The potential HPV transmission route includes horizontal transmission “in utero” and vertical transmission from parents. Less is known about the role of child’s father as a potential source of HPV infection and involved in the pathogen’s epidemic chain. A possible consequence of perinatal infection includes HPV-related childhood diseases and carrying the risk of cervical cancer development in female offspring. In view of the evidence, studies of HPV co-occurrence in one or both parents and their offspring seem vital for the implementation of respective preventive measures. Consequently, the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of common HPV 16/18 infections in newborns and their parents, and to assess its role of the periconceptional transmission. Methods To determine the incidence of common HPV infections in newborns from single pregnancies and their parents. The study included 146 pregnant women, as well as their partners, and newborns. They were tested for the presence of HPV 16/18 DNA using the PCR method. HPV types 16 and/or 18 were identified using type-specific PCR primers. The quality of the extracted DNA was evaluated by PCR using PC03/PC04 β-globin-specific primers. The relationship between the presence of neonatal and parental HPV infection was analyzed using a multivariable regression model. Calculations were carried out with the Statistica 10. Results The presence of HPV DNA was detected in 19 (13,01%) newborns, 28 (19,18%) mothers, and 20 (13,7%) fathers. The viral DNA was detected in 14 newborns delivered by HPV-positive mothers (OR = 26,08; CI: 8,07-84,31, p < 0.001), 12 descendants of HPV-positive fathers (OR = 22,13; CI: 6,97-70,27, p < 0.001), and 10 children originating from two infected parents (OR = 24,20; CI: 6,84–85,57 p < 0.001). Those findings points to a increase risk of an acquired infection in newborns with HPV-positive parents. Conclusion Our findings suggest the possible role of the periconceptional transmission in the mode of acquired HPV 16/18 infections.

scholarly journals HPV infection in semen: results from a new molecular approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Capra ◽  
R. Schillaci ◽  
L. Bosco ◽  
M. C. Roccheri ◽  
A. Perino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Oncogenic Hpv

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the agent of the most common sexually transmitted diseases causing a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from warts to cancer. Oncogenic HPV infection is the major cause of cervical cancer and less frequently of penile cancers. Its presence in semen is widely known, but the effects on fertility are still controversial. We developed a new approach to evaluate virus localisation in the different semen components. We analysed also the specific genotype localisation and viral DNA quantity by qPCR. Results show that HPV DNA can be identified in every fraction of semen: spermatozoa, somatic cells and seminal plasma. Different samples can contain the HPV DNA in different fractions and several HPV genotypes can be found in the same fraction. Additionally, different fractions may contain multiple HPV genotypes in different relative quantity. We analysed the wholeness of HPV DNA in sperm cells by qPCR. In one sample more than half of viral genomes were defective, suggesting a possible recombination event. The new method allows to easily distinguish different sperm infections and to observe the possible effects on semen. The data support the proposed role of HPV in decreased fertility and prompt new possible consequences of the infection in semen.

Presence of human papillomavirus DNA in breast cancer patients: SERUM and tissue analysis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12582-e12582
Author(s):  
Sara Ravaioli ◽  
Andrea Rocca ◽  
Francesca Pirini ◽  
Serena De Matteis ◽  
Francesca Fanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Increased Risk

e12582 Background: It has been demonstrated an increased risk of breast cancer (BC) incidence in patients with previous cervical dysplasia, suggesting a role of human papillomavirus (HPV) of cervical lesions in the development of BC. Although, the origin of HPV spreading to the mammary gland and its mechanism of dissemination is not clear. Methods: Seven serum samples from healthy donors and 58 from early BC patients collected pre-surgery were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA. For 49/58 patients HPV DNA was analyzed also on the primary tumor tissue. 17 patients had luminal A BC (4 relapsed, 13 non relapsed), 16 had luminal B BC (5 relapsed, 11 non relapsed), 13 had triple-negative BC (6 relapsed, 7 non relapsed), 12 had HER2-positive BC (4 relapsed, 8 non relapsed). Circulating DNA was extracted from 500 μl of serum by Qiamp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen, Milan, Italy) and tumor DNA was extracted from at least four 10-micron sections by QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Milan, Italy). Circulating HPV DNA was amplified by a multiplex PCR with HPV E6 or E7 gene-specific primers and the sequence was assessed by a high-throughput MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry-based method. Results: HPV DNA was detected in only 5 serum of BC patients and in none of the healthy controls. 4/5 BC cases had high-risk HPV DNA (type 39,45,52,59) and 1 had type 73 low-risk HPV DNA. 4/5 HPV DNA-positive patients had previously low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I) detected by Pap smear. These 5 patients with circulating HPV DNA did not show HPV positivity in the BC tissue. 2 out of 49 cases were positive for universal HPV DNA sequence in tissue and only 1 case showed HPV type 51. No relation was found between HPV infection and tumor subtype or prognosis, neither for HPV DNA positivity between serum and tissue. Conclusions: Our data support the feasibility of HPV DNA detection by liquid biopsy in BC. The presence of circulating HPV could be due to a viral spread from other organs. More data are needed to establish the role of circulating HPV DNA and its potential association with HPV infection of the breast and/or of the cervix. [Table: see text]

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