The phases and effects of low temperature exposure on embryonic development in Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
W. Tollenaar ◽  
L. Joosten ◽  
E. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Hatch Success ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure ◽  
Full Day ◽  
Reference Tool

Research on the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.) Diptera: Stratiomyidae) is steadily increasing, with a focus on its larvae and applications thereof. The egg stage of this species has received less research. This study describes the phases of embryo development for BSF eggs and the potential of delaying embryo development by using a chilling protocol. The study found that when chilling eggs for 24 hours at 10 °C and 80% relative humidity, the development is paused for a full day. This study presents a window of opportunity for embryo ages, approximately 38-58 hours post oviposition, where the hatch success is the least affected (>80% hatching when compared to control). Outside of this window, the hatch success decreases to 70% and lower. The description of embryo development can be used as a reference tool for quality control purposes. The effect of treatments on eggs can be determined by identifying key processes in development. Furthermore, the chilling of embryos and thus pausing of development can be applied in a production setting.

scholarly journals Duration of Low Temperature Exposure Affects Egg Hatching of the Colorado Potato Beetle and Emergence of Overwintering Adults

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Jianghua Liao ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Zhijian Guan ◽  
Chao Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

The Colorado potato beetle is a serious pest of Solanaceae in China. In early summer, cold spells in later spring may occur for brief periods in the field environmental conditions, and temperatures often deviate far below the normal temperature for short periods, such as sudden short-term low temperature, may affect the development of Colorado potato beetle eggs. This paper studies the effects of low temperature stress at 8 °C for 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, and 10 d on the development of Colorado potato beetle eggs. Our results show that egg survival is significantly affected by short-term low temperature exposure. The percentage of eggs hatched is significantly affected by different treatment times (p = 0.000)—the percentage of eggs hatched decreases with increased treatment time, and Colorado potato beetles will extend the wintering time of their soil to resist the effects of lower temperatures. Thus, exposure of Colorado potato beetles to a short-term low temperature affects their emergence and population growth; this study could provide information for the occurrence, monitoring, and early warning of Colorado potato beetle during short-term temperature.

scholarly journals Study of low-temperature exposure on biotissue using an elongated cryoapplicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
A V Pushkarev ◽  
N A Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Tissue ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Abstract The article presents the results of a study of low-temperature exposure on animal biological tissue using the novel prototype of a liquid nitrogen cryoapplicator. The data obtained are compared with the cryoapplicator characteristics cooled by nitrogen dioxide that are currently used for the atrial fibrillation treatment. Data analysis confirmed the liquid nitrogen cryoapplicators effectiveness and made it possible to highlight their advantages.

Importance of anther dehiscence for low-temperature tolerance in rice at the young microspore and flowering stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuziana Susanti ◽  
Peter Snell ◽  
Shu Fukai ◽  
Jaquie H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Low temperature, particularly during the reproductive stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.), leads to reduced fertility and yield and is a major constraint faced in temperate rice ecology. The floral trait anther dehiscence length has not been quantified in relation to low-temperature tolerance in rice. Two controlled-temperature glasshouse experiments evaluated 120 genotypes from BC1F6 recombinant inbred lines when exposed to low air temperature at the booting (young microspore) and flowering stages. Genotypic differences existed for spikelet sterility (SS) after low-temperature exposure at booting and flowering stages, and a significant positive correlation (R2=0.22**) was found between SS of individual genotypes at booting and flowering stages. Number of dehisced anthers had the highest correlation with SS, and accounted for 58% and 44% of variation in SS with exposure to low temperature at booting and flowering, respectively. Anther dehiscence length and number of dehisced anthers were highly correlated (r=0.90**). After low-temperature exposure at booting, pollen number in the anther as well as the pollen’s capacity to germinate effectively further differentiated low-temperature-tolerant and -susceptible genotypes. Positive relationships (r=0.56** and 0.46*) between SS in the glasshouse and in field experiments in 2015 and 2016 seasons, respectively, provided validation of the phenotypic glasshouse screening methods utilised for low-temperature tolerance in relation to target production environments. This repeatable phenotyping system in combination with improved understanding of underlying floral traits will lead to increased efficiency in breeding for low-temperature tolerance in rice.

A novel α-amylase gene is transiently upregulated during low temperature exposure in apple fruit

2000 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Wegrzyn ◽  
Katrina Reilly ◽  
Guido Cipriani ◽  
Peter Murphy ◽  
Richard Newcomb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Amylase Gene ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

How to effectively manage production facility low-temperature exposure risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Jim Bonini
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Facility Design ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

A significant risk with any oil and gas production facility is equipment exposure to low temperature fluids, which can lead to brittle fracture, loss of hydrocarbon containment and ignition, with potential consequences including multiple fatalities, major asset damage, production deferment and profound operator reputational harm. Due to the nature of the initiating low-temperature events, which often occur as a result of a sequence of control system, hardware or operational failures, these issues are not always adequately addressed in facility design and operation, which can lead to unacceptable and potentially unacknowledged asset risk exposure. This is especially true in a cost-constrained environment where economic and schedule pressures can drive a leaner approach whereby, for example, traditional design margins are challenged. Drawing on S2V Consulting’s extensive expertise in this area, this technical paper outlines examples of typical low-temperature exposure mechanisms and key facility risk areas. It highlights why there can be failures in mitigating these risks, both during initial facility design and throughout subsequent operating phase evolution, discusses analytical methods or tools and highlights potential mitigation measures. A structured evaluation process developed by S2V Consulting is presented that can be adopted to effectively safeguard facilities by ensuring these risks are identified, screened, prioritised and managed to ALARP (as low as reasonably practicable). Finally, case studies are presented to provide context to the issue and demonstrate the effective application of the evaluation process to several current Australian production facilities.

scholarly journals Association between Exposure to Extreme Temperature and Injury at the Workplace

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 4955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhyeong Lee ◽  
Wanhyung Lee ◽  
Won-Jun Choi ◽  
Seong-Kyu Kang ◽  
Seunghon Ham
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Occupational Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure

Exposure to extreme temperature is a critical occupational risk factor. This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to extreme temperatures and injury at the workplace using data from 92,238 workers (46,175 male and 46,063 female) from the 2014 and 2017 Korean Working Condition Survey. Exposure to extremely high or low temperatures, injury experiences, and personal protective equipment (PPE) wearing behavior were investigated using a questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between exposure to extreme temperature and injury experience. The association between injury experience and PPE wearing behavior was analyzed for each exposure group. After adjusting for individual and occupational factors, the odds ratios (ORs) for injury experience were 2.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.78–2.38) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.44–1.85) in both high and low temperature exposure groups, respectively, and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.15–1.83) for those not wearing PPE when exposed to high temperature. There was no significant association shown with wearing PPE and injury experience in the low temperature exposure group. Exposure to extreme temperature tended to increase the risk of injury, and was higher in workers not wearing PPE in high temperature. PPE that can be worn comfortably in high temperature is needed to prevent occupational injury.

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