Innovation Dynamics Through the Encouragement of Knowledge Spin-Off From Touristic Destinations

2022 ◽  
pp. 170-190
Author(s):  
Sofia Vairinho

The present approach aims to explore the innovation dynamic that may lead to knowledge opportunities in a specific regional cluster characterized by a strong touristic positioning. The new technology-based companies, namely the spin-out created from university research, represent a possible and reliable approach to the economy stimulation. This said, it is mandatory to explore the topics that will allow a reflection on the networks associated with innovation processes, developed from the relations between the public universe (including universities and research centers), and the new technology or humanistic based companies. This chapter intends to be a contribution to the discussion of innovation clusters and sets the preliminary issues to discuss and implement an innovation ecosystem. This chapter explores and reflects the importance of regional innovation clusters dynamics, setting and describing the steps and specific strategical procedures in order to implement an innovation ecosystem, using as example a specific touristic territory.

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-641
Author(s):  
G.F. Balakina

Subject. This article deals with the current trends in regional innovation processes that are taking place in Russia. Objectives. The article aims to justify and systematize trends in the innovation sector of the region, determine their dependence on the rate of economic growth and development of the country's technological complex. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of systems, economic, and statistical analyses, SWOT analysis, classification, comparison, and expert assessment. Statistics and analytical data for the Russian Federation and the Tyva Republic are the basis for analysis. Results. The article highlights the main trends in the innovation-driven development of the regions of Russia, elements of the innovation infrastructure, and the regional innovation system framework. It identifies the obstacles to the transition to the knowledge economy, considering the Tyva Republic as a case study. Conclusions. The Tyva Republic has every opportunity to intensify innovation processes. On the basis of attracting investments, the Republic has begun forming local competitive innovation clusters. It is advisable to create a regional infrastructure to promote innovation and a system of stimulation and selection of innovative initiatives of the population.


Author(s):  
Marita McPhillips

The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into the barriers faced by clusters as open innovation intermediaries. Literature review and an empirical study were performed, involving a nation-wide survey, case studies, and in-depth interviews with cluster actors involved in open innovation activities. This article conceptually links open innovation and clusters in the context of the fourth industrial revolution, empirically identifies barriers hindering open innovation in clusters, and indicates factors that might affect the open innovation processes in networked ecosystems. The findings confirm that the perception of barriers hindering open innovation in clusters differs between clusters already implementing open innovation and those which are still not active in this area. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the potential roles of clusters as open innovation intermediaries in the context of transitioning economies. With clusters playing a role in open innovation intermediary, public support at cluster level could increase openness to cooperation not only for member companies, but all participants in the regional innovation ecosystem.


Author(s):  
Leyla Ayvarovna Gamidullaeva ◽  
Sergey Mikhailovich Vasin ◽  
Vardan Mkrttchian

R&D is increasingly becoming globalized and implemented on a collaborative basis. It leads to the need for search of partners, resources, and ideas from outside the company. Currently authorities all over the world have a tendency to develop regional economic systems into regional innovation ecosystems. It in turn creates new challengers to the innovation intermediaries. The chapter is devoted to the search for ways to unite the innovation ecosystem concept with the theory of innovation intermediation, emphasizing specific types of innovation intermediation and fundamental mechanisms thereof, supporting incentives and the role in the innovation ecosystem. Hence, there needs to be a shift to the network organization of infrastructure that ensures a high level of participants' cooperation. Moreover, end-users of innovations are being considered as key actors in the innovation processes. The research results may be implemented into managerial practices in order to improve the competitiveness of regional economic systems.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Tao Wang

Abstract Background The demand for home healthcare devices arises; however, many home healthcare devices on the market are not designed to reflect the needs and features of the end-users. This study explored the user knowledge factors that hindered the design of new home healthcare devices and the interrelationships between the factors. Methods The abovementioned factors were identified from analysing the project documents of thirty-eight carefully selected home healthcare devices produced by five manufacturers; followed by interviewing the thirty stakeholders playing key roles in developing the devices. Results The design of the home healthcare devices was influenced by (1) the user insights utilised in formulating project strategies; (2) the sources of user information; (3) the execution of user research; and (4) the formulation of the manufacturers’ principal innovation processes. Conclusions The users’ characteristics and needs were not sufficiently reflected in developing new home healthcare devices. One root cause was that the end-users were not perceived by the manufacturers as a key success factor in most cases, given that most of the devices were initiated following the public sector’s requests. Actual or potential applications of this study include the facilitation of the appropriate application of human factors methods in developing new home healthcare devices and the improvement of the user performance of the end-devices.


2007 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Boardman ◽  
Barry Bozeman

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250007 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÜRGEN EICHBERGER ◽  
ANI GUERDJIKOVA

We present a model of technological adaptation in response to a change in climate conditions. The main feature of the model is that new technologies are not just risky, but also ambiguous. Pessimistic agents are thus averse to adopting a new technology. Learning is induced by optimists, who are willing to try out technologies about which there is little evidence available. We show that both optimists and pessimists are crucial for a successful adaptation. While optimists provide the public good of information which gives pessimists an incentive to innovate, pessimists choose the new technology persistently in the long-run which increases the average returns for the society. Hence, the optimal share of optimists in the society is strictly positive. When the share of optimists in the society is too low, innovation is slow and the obtained steady-state is inefficient. We discuss two policies which can potentially alleviate this inefficiency: Subsidies and provision of additional information. We show that if precise and relevant information is available, pessimists would be willing to pay for it and consequently adopt the new technology. Hence, providing information might be a more efficient policy, which is both self-financing and results in better social outcomes.


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