Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Activities of Ben-Cha-Lo-Ka-Wi-Chian Remedy

2019 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Chanai Noysang ◽  
Teerarat Pummarin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Reaction Test

Benchalokawichian (BLW) remedy is a Thai traditional medicine that has been notified in the List of Medicine Products of the National List of Essential Drugs A.D. 2006 and has long been used as an antipyretic. The phytochemicals of the 70% and 95% ethanolic extracts of were studied by color reaction test and HPTLC analysis. The BLW remedy showed a highest amounts of 70% ethanolic extractives (ca. 3.99 ± 0.60% of dry material weight). The several ethanolic extracts showed similar qualitative phytochemicals. The major of phytochemicals identified in these extracts were alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The analysed 70% ethanolic extract showed a highest antioxidant activity at IC50= 526.09 µg/ml and both extracts not showed tyrosinase inhibitory effect. The 95% ethanolic extract showed the greatest anti-propionibacterium acnes activity with inhibition zone of 10.10 ± 0.45 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 5.05 mg/ml

Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Activities from Banana Fruits of Several Musa Species for Using as Cosmetic Raw Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanai Noysang ◽  
Wiphupat Buranasukhon ◽  
Monsicha Khuanekkaphan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Reaction Test

The phytochemicals of the ethanolic extracts of unripe pulp and peel of banana fruits from several banana cultivars belonging to the Musa acuminata species (namely 'Kluai Namwa', 'Kluai Hom Thong', 'Kluai Leb Mu Nang', and 'Kluai Khai') were studied by color reaction test and HPTLC analysis. Kluai Khai pulp showed a highest amounts of ethanolic extractives (ca. 9.70±5.84% of dry material weight). The peel several banana showed similar qualitative phytochemicals. The major of phytochemicals identified in these extracts were alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and polyphenols. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The analysed Kluai Hom Thong peel ethanolic extract showed a highest antioxidant activity at IC50 = 3.25±0.52 μg/ml and Kluai Hom Thong peel ethanolic extract showed a highest tyrosinase inhibitory effect at IC50 = 2.25±0.91 μg/ml. Kluai Hom Thong peel could be provide a potential natural source of bioactive compounds and could be beneficial to the cosmetic properties.

Preliminary Phytochemicals and Pharmacologic Activities Assessment of White and Pink Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Flowers

2019 ◽  
Vol 891 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Chanai Noysang ◽  
Nutsuda Boonmatit
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
White Flower ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Color Reaction ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Pink Flower ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Reaction Test

The phytochemicals of the ethanolic extracts of petals and stamens of lotus flowers from several lotus cultivars belonging to the Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (namely 'lotus white flower' and 'lotus pink flower') were studied by color reaction test and HPTLC analysis. The lotus pink flower stamens showed a highest amount of ethanolic extractives (ca. 18.33±2.14% of dry material weight). The several the ethanolic extracts of N. nucifera petals and stamens showed similar qualitative phytochemicals. The crude extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoinds, tannins and polyphenols. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. The analyzed lotus pink flower stamens ethanolic extract showed a highest antioxidant activity at IC50 = 0.61±0.16 μg/ml and lotus pink flower petals ethanolic extract showed a highest tyrosinase inhibitory effect at IC50 = 2.25±0.21 μg/ml. N. nucifera flowers could be provide a potential natural source of phytochemicals and could be beneficial to the cosmetic properties.

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hambat Fraksi N-Heksan dan Etil Asetat Rumput Laut Cokelat (Sargassum sp.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (Inhibitory Effect of N-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Sargassum sp. Seaweeds against Staphylococcus aureus)

MEDULA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiruddin Eso ◽  
Sufiah Asri Mulyawati ◽  
Eka Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Zone Diameter

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacterium that causes pyogenic infectious disease, such as boils, pimples, endocarditis and sepsis. Resistance of S. aureus is continued growth that made it becomes a very serious problem that need to be solved by looking for another effective alternative for this infection. Several of marine life can be used as a source of antibacterial medication, antiviral, and antifungal. One alternative of antibacterial that comes from water resources is brown seaweed (Sargassum sp.). Purposes: This study aimed to find out the inhibitory fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate of Sargassum sp. against the growth of S. aureus Methods: This study applied quasi experimental method which used posttest-only control design. Samples used in the form of brown seaweed treatment of fraction n-hexane and Ethyl acetate derived from Desa Bungin Permai Kecamatan Tinanggea Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. The fraction inhibition test was conducted by diffusion agar method used variant concentration (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) with three repetitions. Erythromycin as control (+) and DMSO 10% as control (-).Result: The study result showed that the n-hexane and Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum sp. extract was able in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus that seen with the clear zone around the paper disc. Based on this result, the minimum inhibitory fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate obtained in this study was at the concentration of 20%. The diameter average of inhibition zone in both fractions in the concentration 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% were 9.3 mm, 12.3 mm, 25.6 mm, 27 mm, 27.7 mm for n-hexane fraction, mean while the diameter average of inhibition zone in the ethyl acetate fraction was 4.6 mm, 16 mm, 19.3mm, 27.6mm, 29.6 mm. ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 40%, 80%,100% inhibitory zone diameter higher than the fraction of n-hexane while at a concentration of 20% and 60% inhibitory zone diameter higner than the fraction of ethyl acetate. Conclusion: Based on the result of the study, it was concluded that the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate of Sargassum sp. has an inhibitory effect against the growth of S. aureus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction was at the concentration of 20%. Fraction of n-heksan and ethyl acetate equally have a strong inhibition of the growth of S. aureus bacteria. Keywords : ethyl acetate fraction, minimum inhibitory concentration, n-hexane fraction, Sargassum sp, Staphylococcus aureus Latar Belakang: Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri gram positif penyebab terjadinya penyakit infeksi yang bersifat piogenik seperti bisul, jerawat, endokarditis dan sepsis. Kejadian resistensi antibakteri terhadap S. aureus terus meningkat sehingga menjadi masalah yang sangat serius sehingga diperlukan alternatif lain untuk mengatasi penyakit infeksi yang lebih efektif. Beberapa hasil biota laut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antibakteri, antivirus dan antijamur. Salah satu bahan alternatif sebagai antibakteri yang berasal dari sumber perairan yakni rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum sp.). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat fraksi N-Heksana dan Etil Asetat Sargassum sp. terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental dengan desain post test-only control. Sampel yang digunakan berupa perlakuan fraksi N-Heksan dan Etil Asetat Sargassum sp. yang berasal dari Desa Bungin Permai Kecamatan Tinanggea Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Pengujian daya hambat dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dalam berbagai konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Eritromisin yang digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan DMSO 10% (Dimetil sulfoksida) sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi Sargassum sp. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus yang dilihat dengan adanya zona bening disekitar kertas cakram. Konsentrasi hambat minimum dari kedua fraksi pada konsentrasi 20%. Perbedaan rerata diameter zona hambat pada kedua fraksi dengan konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% yaitu sebesar 9,3 mm,12,3 mm, 25,6 mm, 27 mm, 27,7 mm pada fraksi n- heksan dan 4,6 mm, 16 mm, 19,3 mm, 27,6 mm, 29,6 mm pada fraksi etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat pada konsentrasi 40%, 80%, 100% diameter zona hambatnya lebih tinggi dari pada fraksi n-heksan sedangkan pada fraksi n-heksan konsentrasi 20% dan 60% diameter zona hambatnya lebih tinggi dibandingkan fraksi etil asetat. Simpulan: Simpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa fraksi n-heksan dan fraksi etil asetat Sargassum sp. mempunyai daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus ekstrak rumput laut cokelat mengandung senyawa flavonoid, steroid, saponin dan tannin. Konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM ) dari kedua fraksi yaitu pada konsentrasi 20 %. Fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat mempunyai daya hambat yang kuat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureusKata Kunci : fraksi etil asetat, fraksi n-heksan, Kadar Hambat Minimun, Sargassum sp,  Staphylococcus aureus

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects of Mentha Pulegium Extract against Staphyloccocus Aureus Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nehia Hussein ◽  
Zainab Nabeel
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Staphyloccocus Aureus

    The effects of aqueous and alcoholic of extracts Mentha pulegium leaves were studied on the growth of strain Staphylococcus aureus that isolated from burns. The Phytochemical analysis of The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Mentha pulegium leaves show the presence of bioactive constituents like comarins, steroids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols  and essential oil. the ethanolic extract show an inhibition zone larger than aqueous extract.Results show that the ethanolic extract inhibits bacterial growth with inhibition zone(30.33mm) but the aqueous extract give an inhibition zone(8mm). In this study, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was detected and the result varies according to the type of extract.

scholarly journals Vibriocidal Activity of Leaf and Rhizome Extracts of Maranta arundinacea L.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadarshani Samal ◽  
Priyaranjan Tripathy ◽  
Ritarani Das ◽  
Santi Lata Sahoo ◽  
Chinmay Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Vibrio Cholera ◽  
Waterborne Pathogen ◽  
Vibrio Infection ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Globally, the gastroenteritis or diarrhoea has become a more significant problem today due to infection caused by foodborne/ waterborne pathogen Vibrio cholera. In this concern, an investigation was carried out to evaluate the vibriocidal potential of the different solvent extracts of leaf and rhizome of Maranta arundinacea under in vitro condition. For this, aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic and hexane extracts of both leaf and rhizome of M. arundinacea were tested against the pre-isolated strains of Vibrio cholerae such as SPAB1, SPAB4 and SPAB5  by agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. All the solvent extracts of both leaf and rhizome were found to be active against the tried strains of V. cholera however, ethanolic extract showed maximum inhibitory effect against SPAB1 strain with an inhibition zone of 26.23 ± 0.53 mm (MIC of 80.00 ± 10.06 µg/ ml) and 24.27 ± 0.12 mm (MIC of 100.00 ± 12.82 µg/ ml) in rhizome and leaf samples, respectively. Then, the effectiveness was followed in SPAB4 and SPAB5 however, it was not much more significant to that of SPAB1. Therefore, it was suggested that the rhizome and leaf extracts which proved to be potentially effective can be used as the natural alternative for the treatment of diarrhoea caused by Vibrio infection.

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OINMENT OF ARUM MANIS MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) LEAVES METHANOL EXTRACTS AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL AGAINST Propionibacterium acnes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Riana Ningsih ◽  
Zusfahair Zusfahair ◽  
Dadan Hermawan ◽  
Wulan Anggraeni ◽  
Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Ointment Formulation ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Mango Leaves ◽  
Dispersive Power

Background: Acne is caused by several factors including the active secretion of sebaceous sweat glands, hyperkeratosis in the hair infundibulum and the effects of bacteria. One of the plants that has the potential as an antibacterial is the extract of arumanis mango leaves. Method: Determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of methanol extract of mango leaves which can inhibit Propionibacterium acnes activity. The antibacterial activity tests were performed using agar diffusion. The ointment formulation, the characteristics of ointment preparations and the ointment activity against P. Acnes are discussed. Result: MIC of methanol extract of mango leaves value is 5 ppm with an inhibition zone of 1 mm. The ointment obtained is white, has distinctive smell, semisolid form, possesses a pH of 4.92 - 5.87, dispersive power of 5.05 - 6.30 cm, adhesive power of 1 - 3.67 seconds, homogeneous and protective. Ointment preparations of methanol extract of mango leaves has activity on P. acnes on the 0 and 15th day of storage. The activities of ointment preparation on day 0 with concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm are 0.00 mm; 10.20 mm; 19.97 mm and 23.60 mm respectively, while the inhibition zones produced by the preparation of ointment on day 15 with concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm are 0.00 mm; 5.71 mm; 9.58 mm and 21.88 mm respectively. Conclusion: Methanol extract of mango leaves (Mangifera indica L.) and oinment preparation are able to inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.

In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Jackie K. Obey ◽  
Anthoney Swamy T* ◽  
Lasiti Timothy ◽  
Makani Rachel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

In-Vitro Studies on the Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to Some Ethno-Medicinal Preparations Sold around Kano, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bashir ◽  
I Yusuf ◽  
AS Kutama
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Herbal Preparations

Five traditional herbal preparations were sampled between May-June, 2009 in Kano. The samples were investigated for invitro antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Likewise, phytochemical screening tests were conducted to determine some of the phytochemicals present in the ethanolic and water extracts of the samples. Various concentrations of the extracts were prepared using serial doubling dilutions (5000=l/ml, 2500=g/ml, 1250=g/ml, 625=g/ml and 312.5=g/ml). All the test extracts showed slight antibacterial activity against the test organism, with ethanolic extract of sample E having the highest zone diameter of inhibition, while sample H had the lowest diameter of inhibition. The standard antibiotic disc (Gentamicin) had demonstrated the highest activity on the test organisms. The results of the Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroid in all the samples, tannin in samples A, C, D and E, reducing sugars in sample A, D and E respectively. The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be above 312.5=g/ml for samples C, D and E. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Herbal preparations, antibacterial activity, Phytochemical screening and minimum inhibitory concentration.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION POTENTIAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL EXTRACTS FROM PHELLINUS LINTEUS AGAINST SKIN INFECTIOUS PATHOGENS, STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS ATCC12228 AND PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES DMST14916

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Surachai Techaoei ◽  
Pattaranut Eakwaropas ◽  
Khemjira Jarmkom ◽  
Warachate Khobjai
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phellinus Linteus ◽  
Chemical Profile

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Phellinus linteus against skin infectious pathogens, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 and Propionibacterium acnes DMST 14916.Methods: Fungal fruiting bodies were extracted with 95% ethanol and ethyl acetate, and then, vaporized. The antimicrobial activities were determined by the disc diffusion method against Propionibacterium acnes DMST 14916 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 skin infectious pathogens. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for those crude extracts were determined. Finally, the chemical profile of crude extract was determined by using thin layer chromatography and GC-MS.Results: The result demonstrated that the ethanolic extraction had more active fractions with an MIC of 0.5 mg/ml against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes DMST 14916 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 and also showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MBC) at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml, while ethyl acetate-based solvents failed to develop on TLC according to Retention factor (Rf) values of 0.71-0.76. The GC-MS was applied to investigate the chemical profile of crude extract of Phellinus linteus, revealing a component of hexadecanoic acid and 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid.Conclusion: Phellinus linteus fruiting body extracts have great potential as antimicrobial compounds against Propionibacterium acnes DMST 14916 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228. Thus, they can be used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. 

scholarly journals Study and evaluation of antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity of dry extract and fractions of leaves of Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus Metzg.

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Flávia da Silva ◽  
Marisa de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira ◽  
Ingridy Simone Ribeiro ◽  
Isael Aparecido Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a vegetable of the Brassicaceae family cultivated worldwide and has several medicinal properties. Its biological activities are related to various secondary metabolites present in the species, especially phenolics. Thus, the objectives of this study were the chemical analysis and evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the dry extract and fractions of the fodder turnip leaves (R. sativus var. oleiferus Metzg.). Samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical method and the reducing power method. Antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar diffusion and microdilution methods. The total phenols were concentrated in the butanol fraction (121.27 mg GAE/g) and the flavonoids were concentrated in the ethyl acetate fraction (98.02 mg EQ/g). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the best antioxidants results, with 83.45% of free radical scavenging and 11.34% of ferric ions reduction. The analysis of antimicrobial activity showed that the dry extract had the highest average zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis (18.67 mm). Smaller values of the minimum inhibitory concentration for Micrococcus luteus were, and the ethyl acetate fraction showed a lower minimum inhibitory concentration (0.1 mg/ml) for that microorganism. There was a strong correlation between the antioxidant activity and the content of phenols and flavonoids. The results showed the potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of this extract with the ethyl acetate fraction being most promising for further studies.

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