Thermal Degradation of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates Reinforced with Organomodified Kaolin Intercalates

2021 ◽  
Vol 1163 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Chinedum Ogonna Mgbemena ◽  
Ikuobase Emovon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
No Value ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Tea Seed Oil ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

In this study, Natural Rubber Vulcanizates (NRV) reinforced with organomodified kaolin was developed. The NRV were subjected to thermal degradation to ascertain its suitability for high-temperature automotive applications. Kaolin intercalation was achieved using derivatives of Rubber seed oil (Hevea brasiliensis) and Tea seed oil (Camellia sinensis) in the presence of hydrazine hydrate as co-intercalate. The developed Natural Rubber Vulcanizates were characterised using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra obtained for the organomodified natural rubber vulcanizates revealed the presence of carbonyl groups at bands 1564cm-1 and 1553cm-1 which is an indication of organomodified kaolin intercalation within the Natural Rubber matrix for kaolin intercalates of Rubber seed oil and Tea seed oil respectively while no value was reported for the Natural Rubber vulcanizates obtained from the pristine kaolin filler. TGA results indicated that NRV developed from kaolin intercalates of Rubber seed oil (RSO) with onset degradation and final degradation temperatures of 354.2°C and 601.3°C were found to be the most thermally stable of the Natural Rubber Vulcanizates investigated. The SEM micrograph revealed that the kaolin nanofillers in Rubber Seed Oil modified Natural Rubber Vulcanizates were well dispersed as compared to that of Tea Seed Oil modified Natural Rubber Vulcanizates.

Studies in the Utilization of Biobased Additives as Thermal Stabilizer for Plasticized PVC

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
F.E. Okieimen ◽  
T.O. Egbuchunam ◽  
D.B. Balköse
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Yellowness Index ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Thermal Stabilizer ◽  
Plasticized Pvc ◽  
Metal Soaps

Divalent metal (barium, cadmium, calcium and zinc) soaps of rubber seed oil and their binary mixtures (Ba/Cd and Ca/Zn) and epoxidized rubber seed oil (4.5% epoxide content) and its admixtures with the single divalent metal soaps were evaluated as thermal stabilizer for dioctylphthalate plasticized PVC using changes in discolouration indices (yellowness index and UV absorption at 360nm) and initial rates of dehydrochlorination measured at 140 and 160oC. The results obtained showed that the divalent metal soaps were relatively effective in stabilizing the dioctylphthalate plasticized PVC against thermal degradation and that the binary soap mixtures enhanced the heat stabilizing effectiveness: marked reduction in the values of the discolouration indices; longer dehydrochlorination induction period and smaller values of rate constant of initial rate of dehydrochlorination. It was found that epoxidized rubber seed oil was less effective in comparison with the divalent metal soaps in stabilizing plasticized PVC against thermal degradation. These results show that the bio-based additives are compatible with dioctylphthalate plasticized PVC, stable to heat within the range of temperature used in the processing of plasticized PVC, inhibit/retard dehydrochlorination and reduce the extent of degradation.

Thermophysical Properties of Pongama Honge Oil Methyl Ester and Rubber Seed Oil Methyl Ester for Wide Temperature Range

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaik Moulali ◽  
Y.V. Hanumantha Rao ◽  
Vinay Atgur ◽  
G. Manvendra ◽  
G.P. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Honge Oil Methyl Ester

Thermal energy is used in the process of heating, cooling and product design purpose. In this work, two non-edible oils are considered and their thermal conductivity, specific heat and thermal degradation are experimentally determined as a function of temperature using, guarded hot plate method, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravtic analyser (TGA). Miniature difference between the obtained and actual thermal conductivity values are influenced by the fatty acid composition. In the present work Pongamia Honge Oil Methyl Ester (HOME) and Rubber Seed Oil Methyl Ester (ROME) are studied and their properties are determined experimentally for a temperature range of 25 to 80C. It has been observed that thermal conductivity of HOME decreases from 0.168 to 0.124 W/mK and for ROME thermal conductivity decreases from 0.143 to 0.113 W/mK. Thermal degradation and specific heat were studied using TGA and DSC. Specific heat was studied in the range from 35 to 120 C. For HOME, the specific heat varies from 2.345 to 2.64 kJ/kgK. For ROME, the specific heat varies from 1.572 to 1.992 kJ/kgK.

A new hybrid waterborne polyurethane coating synthesized from natural rubber and rubber seed oil with grafted acrylate

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 105554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathapong Sukhawipat ◽  
Wanida Raksanak ◽  
Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee ◽  
Anuwat Saetung ◽  
Nitinart Saetung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Polyurethane Coating ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed

Kaolin modified with sodium salt of rubber seed oil as a reinforcing filler for blends of natural rubber, polybutadiene rubber and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1585-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay V Raji ◽  
Surya Ramakrishnan ◽  
Rugmini Sukumar ◽  
Methalayil Brahmakumar ◽  
AR Ravindranatha Menon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Polybutadiene Rubber ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

scholarly journals Stabilizing Effect of Biobased Additives on the Thermal Degradation of PVC

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
T.O. Egbuchunam ◽  
F.E. Okieimen ◽  
D.B. Balköse
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Aqueous Alcohol ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Thermal Stabilizer ◽  
Stabilizing Effect

Novel biobased additives prepared from rubber seed oil were evaluated as thermal stabilizer for PVC. Divalent metal (barium and cadmium) soaps of rubber seed oil were prepared by metathesis in aqueous alcohol and characterized by thermal methods (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry). The stabilizing effect of the soaps and their admixtures on the thermal degradation of PVC powder and plasticized PVC was examined by dynamic thermogravimetry and dehydrochlorination studies at 160oC using the Thermomat equipment. The metal soaps showed multiple decomposition endotherms but were generally stable (with weight loss less than 5%) within the temperature range (180 – 220oC) frequently used in the processing of PVC. Using the Broido model, values of apparent activation energy of decomposition of between 50 and 200 kJmol-1 were obtained for the soaps. The biobased additives were found to be relatively effective in stabilizing PVC in powder and plasticized forms against thermal degradation. Using inhibition/retardation time, temperature of incipient decomposition, and temperature at which various extents of decomposition was attained as indices of thermal stabilization, the results from this study indicate a potential for the application of the biobased additives as thermal stabilizer for PVC in rigid and flexible formulations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document