Evaluation of a Marine Dredged Sediment as Raw Material Compared to Volcanic Scoria for the Development of Lime-Pozzolan Eco-Binders

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim KOURTAA ◽  
Morgan Chabannes ◽  
Frederic Becquart ◽  
Nor Edine Abriak
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Dredged Sediment

In the context of global warming, the built environment offers relevant opportunities to reduce GHG emissions that underlie climate change. In particular, this can be achieved with the development of low-embodied energy building materials such as bio-based concretes. Hemp concrete has been the subject of many investigations in the field of non-load bearing infill walls in France since the early 1990s. In addition to hygrothermal performances, the use of crop by-products definitely helps to limit the carbon footprint. Hemp concretes are often produced by mixing the plant aggregates with lime-based binders. The latter have many benefits among which the water vapor permeability. However, CO2 emissions due to the decarbonation of limestone for the production of lime largely contribute to the overall environmental balance of these materials. The use of natural pozzolans (volcanic scoria) combined with hydrated lime goes back to the Greco-Roman period and reduces carbon emissions. Nonetheless, it does not necessarily meet the issue related to the depletion of granular natural resources. Hence, this study deals with the design of a new low-carbon binder based on marine dredged sediment seen as an alternative strategic granular resource that can be considered renewable. The sediment comes from the Port of Dunkirk in the North of France and is mainly composed of silt and quartz sand. It was finely ground and compared to a lowly reactive basaltic pozzolan. Lime-pozzolan pastes were prepared and stored in a moist environment under room (20°C) and high temperature (50°C). The hardening kinetics of pastes was followed through mineralogical studies (TGA, XRD) and compressive strength development. The results showed that the hardening of pastes including the marine sediment was suitable in the case of samples stored at 50°C and make it possible to use such a binder for precast bio-based concretes.

scholarly journals Non-conventional mineral binder-bonded lignocellulosic composite materials: A review

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 4606-4648
Author(s):  
Opara Uchechukwu Emmanuel ◽  
Aldi Kuqo ◽  
Carsten Mai
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Bonded Materials ◽  
Inorganic Mineral ◽  
Mineral Binder ◽  
Alkali Activated

The construction industry suffers from unsustainability and contributes more than any other industrial sector to carbon emissions that lead to global warming. Increasing economic and environmental concerns related to conventional energy- and CO2-intensive building materials have propelled the rapid and sustained expansion of research in the area of plant-based inorganic mineral binder-bonded materials for the construction industry. The resulting composites can be qualified as eco-responsible, sustainable, and efficient multifunctional building materials. So far, most of these research efforts have not received as much attention as materials based on ordinary Portland cement (OPC). To address this gap, this review focuses on mineral binder-based lignocellulosic composites made from non-conventional inorganic mineral binders/ cements with low embodied energy and low carbon footprint, namely hydrated lime-based binders, magnesium-based cement, alkali-activated cement, and geopolymers, as sustainable alternatives to OPC-bonded lignocellulosic composites (state-of-the-art). The emphasis here is on the application potentials, the influence of production parameters on the material properties/ performance, and recent advancement in this field. Finally, a prediction is provided of future trends for these non-conventional mineral binder-bonded lignocellulosic composites.

Development of Biodegradable Films Based on Durian Seed Starch

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Pimpa ◽  
C. Pimpa ◽  
P. Junsangsree
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Durian Seed

Fresh durian seed consists largely of starch and can be considered such a suitable raw material for producing biodegradable films. The aim of this work was to develop biodegradable films based on durian seed starch (DSS) and to characterize their water barrier, microscopic and mechanical properties. DSS films were prepared by casting with glycerol as plasticizer. Corn starch and cassava starch, commonly used in food processing, were chosen to prepare films and compare their properties to the DSS-based films. Using a second biopolymer, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), in the DSS based composite has been studied as a strategy to improve their important properties. Water vapor permeability and elongation values were improved significantly (p<0.05) when 5% (w/w DSS) CMC was incorporated. Therefore, preparing biodegradable films from DSS is a new alternative for using this raw material which is sometimes much cheaper than commercial starches

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF THERMAL INSULATION MATERIAL BASED ON VOLCANIC ASH DEPOSITS OF PRIMAGADANYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
A. V Bolotin ◽  
S. M Sergeev ◽  
A. A Lunegova ◽  
E. A Kochetkova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Insulation Materials

Modern technologies are not standing still, and scientists are trying not only to invent new building materials, but also to find non-standard use of various raw materials that were previously considered unsuitable for use. Innovative technologies are actively used for modern construction of buildings, in particular, some types of new materials are used in the construction of various facilities. This is especially true in areas where it is not possible to import or use ordinary building materials for various reasons. Often, when designing a building, developers are wondering whether it is worth making the house warm during construction, and which insulation for the walls of the house is better to choose. This article addresses the question of which insulation for walls is most suitable for construction. The most common are mineral insulation, which are represented on the market today in the form of basalt slabs, fiberglass, etc. They have such advantages as low thermal conductivity, good thermal insulation and vapor permeability. The article presents a table with comparative performance characteristics of a mineral wool stone slab and a fiberglass slab. Stone or basalt wool has several advantages. It is able to withstand significant temperatures and temperature changes, the mats are easy to transport, convenient to install. In our opinion, a serious alternative to basalt in the production of thermal insulation materials is volcanic ash. One of the main features of volcanic ash are its building qualities, such as good thermal insulation and an environmentally friendly composition. Since here we are considering the possibility of producing insulation materials based on volcanic ash, we performed a thermal calculation of the enclosing structures. Also in the tables are the costs of transportation of volcanic ash from the field to the point of the proposed production of insulating material. Volcanic ash can be widely used in countries with high volcanic activity as an inexpensive raw material for the manufacture of building materials. It does not require additional processing and has a number of useful properties.

scholarly journals Hygrothermal Behavior of Earth-Based Materials: Experimental and Numerical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Meriem Saidi ◽  
Amel Soukaina Cherif ◽  
Ezeddine Sediki ◽  
Belkacem Zeghmati
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Transfer Problem ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Hygrothermal Behavior ◽  
Coupled Heat And Moisture ◽  
Building Walls

Bio-based building materials such as earth bricks are attracting renewed interest throughout the world due to their thermal and environmental properties. In this work, a numerical study of the hygrothermal behavior of building walls consist of compressed earth bricks (CEB) and stabilized earth bricks (SEB) was performed. A two-dimensional Luikov model for evaluating the temperature and the moisture migration in porous building materials was proposed. The coupled heat and moisture transfer problem was modeled. The governing equations of a mathematical model were solved numerically with the finite difference method. Input parameters in the model and their dependency on stabilizers content were determined by laboratory experiments. In order to specify the effect of chemical stabilization on the heat and mass transfer within studied materials, average moisture content and temperature were presented as a function of time. Results show that the addition of chemical stabilizers enhances the heat transfer through the earthen materials and reduces their water vapor permeability.

scholarly journals Old Dumped Fly Ash as a Sand Replacement in Cement Composites

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Harasymiuk ◽  
Andrzej Rudziński
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Waste Dumps

The use of industrial residues to replace natural resources for the production of building materials is economically and ecologically justified. Fly ash (FA) taken directly from electro-filters is commonly used as a cement replacement material. This is not the case, however, for old dumped fly ash (ODFA) that has been accumulating in on-site waste dumps for decades and currently has no practical use. It causes environmental degradation, which is not fully controlled by the governments of developed countries. The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of using ODFA as a partial replacement for sand in cement composites. ODFA replaced part of the sand mass (20% and 30%) in composites with a limited amount of cement (a cement-saving measure) and sand (saving non-renewable raw material resources). ODFA was activated by the addition of different proportions of hydrated lime, the purposes of which was to trigger a pozzolanic reaction in ODFA. The quantitative composition of the samples was chosen in such a way as to ensure the maximum durability and longevity of composites with a limited amount of cement. The 28-day samples were exposed to seawater attack for 120 days. After this period, the compressive strength of each sample series was determined. The results suggest the possibility of using ODFA with hydrated lime to lay town district road foundations and bike paths of 3.5 to 5 MPA compressive strength. What is more, these composites can be used in very aggressive environments.

AgroForest Biomass and Circular Bioeconomy

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-247
Author(s):  
Alexandra Leitão ◽  
Francisco Rebelo ◽  
Manuela Pintado ◽  
Tânia Bragança Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Global Construction

The agroforest sector plays a leading role as a biomass supplier to obtain bio-based products that allowed an acceleration in the circular bioeconomy transition. This chapter applied a mixed-methods review to identify new attractive bio-based products and to evaluate its market potential in Portugal. Forest biomass was identified as an excellent raw material for (1) low-carbon building materials, (2) biotextiles, and (3) bioplastics. The potential of agro-food waste to obtain new bio-based materials was also emphasised. The new bioproducts identified have high potential and attractive markets. It was estimated that a 5% market share of these bioproducts in the global construction, textiles, and plastics markets in 2030 corresponds to an aggregate increase in revenues of 260-579 million € per year in Portugal. The environmental sustainability implications arising from the diffusion of these new biomaterials are also highlighted, focusing on the decarbonisation of the economy.

Comparison of Numerical HMT Codes to Simulate MBV Test of Hemp-Earth Composites

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Khaled ◽  
Marjorie Bart ◽  
Sophie Moissette ◽  
Florence Collet ◽  
Sylvie Prétot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Classical Models ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Adsorption Curve

Bio-based and earth materials are growingly used for the building envelopes because of their numerous benefits such as slight environmental impact, great hygrothermal performances, effective regulation of the perceived indoor air quality and human comfort. In such materials, the phenomenon of mass transfer is complex and has a great impact on the performance of building envelope. Therefore, it is important to identify and understand the hygrothermal phenomena to be able to simulate accurately the envelope behavior. Nevertheless, the classical models that depict hygric transport within building materials seem not accurate enough for bio-based materials as they are simplified on several points of view. The correlation that exists between water content and relative humidity is mostly simplified and is modeled by a single curve, the hygric storage capacity is often overstated and the hysteresis is neglected. This paper deals with numerical study of hygric transfer within hemp-earth building material by using WUFI® Pro 6.5, a commercial software, and TMC code developed at the LGCGM (Moissette and Bart, 2009) . This code was validated regarding EN 15026 standard (Moissette and Bart, 2009) and has evolved over the years by integrating the hysteresis phenomena (Aït-Oumeziane et al., 2015). Thus, a significant enhancement of the numerical simulations on desorption phase was shown. This study investigates the simulation of MBV test performed on a hemp-earth material for which only the adsorption curve is known as input. Missing parameters (water vapor permeability and desorption curve) are fitted considering the first cycle of MBV test with TMC code. Then, MBV test is simulated with WUFI® Pro 6.5 and TMC code without and with hysteresis. The results highlight the need to include hysteresis to accurately simulate dynamic hygric phenomena, and show that it is possible to find missing parameters by fitting dynamic solicitations.

Correlation of Water Vapor Permeability with Microstructure Characteristics of Building Materials Using Robust Chemometrics

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timokleia Togkalidou ◽  
Maria Karoglou ◽  
Asterios Bakolas ◽  
Anastasia Giakoumaki ◽  
Antonia Moropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics

scholarly journals Mitigation Strategies for Reduction of Embodied Energy and Carbon, in the Construction Systems of Contemporary Quality Architecture

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Sicignano ◽  
Giacomo Di Ruocco ◽  
Roberta Melella
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Wide Range

The criticality related to the consumption of operational energy and related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of existing buildings is clearly decreasing in new buildings due to the strategies tested and applied in recent years in the energy retrofit sector. Recently, studies have been focusing on strategies to reduce environmental impacts related to the entire life cycle of the building organism, with reference to the reduction of embodied energy (and related greenhouse gas emissions) in building materials. As part of EEA’s European EBC project, Annex 57, a wide range of case studies have been promoted with the aim of identifying design strategies that can reduce the embodied energy and related greenhouse gas emissions of buildings. The aim of this paper is to investigate the most common construction systems in the construction industry (concrete, steel, wood) through the analysis of three contemporary architectural works, with the aim of identifying the predisposition for environmental sustainability of each technological system, thus guiding the operators in the sector towards design choices more compatible with the environmental requirements recommended by European legislation.

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