Conductivity Improvement of Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes by Surface Plasma Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 890 ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel de Guzman ◽  
Joybelle Lopez ◽  
Magdaleno Vasquez Jr. ◽  
Mary Donnabelle Balela
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Transparent Electrodes ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Transparent Conducting Electrodes

High aspect ratio silver nanowires (Ag NWs) were successfully synthesized by CuCl2-mediated synthesis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction were employed to investigate the morphology and structure of the Ag products, respectively. Suspensions of Ag NW in ethanol were coated on glass substrates by Meyer rod coating to fabricate transparent conducting electrodes (TCE’s). The electrodes were then plasma treated at a power of 75 W. The effects of increasing plasma treatment time and oxygen exposure on the sheet resistance of the transparent electrodes were investigated. A sheet resistance of 8 Ω/sq with an optical transmittance of 80 % at 550nm was obtained for an electrode with a nanowire density of 0.18 mg/cm2 after 5 mins of plasma (Ar) exposure.

scholarly journals Effects of Concentration and Spin Speed on the Optical and Electrical Properties of Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2219
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Li ◽  
Jiayue Zhou ◽  
Dejun Yan ◽  
Yong Peng ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Transparent Electrodes ◽  
Spin Speed

In this paper, silver nanowires (AgNWs) with a diameter of 40 nm and a length of 45 μm were dispersed into an ethanol solution to prepare AgNW solutions with concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 mg/mL, respectively. The AgNW solutions were then deposited on a glass substrate using spin-coating at 1000, 2000, and 3000 rpm for 45 s, respectively, to prepare transparent electrodes. The results showed that the distribution of AgNWs on the substrate increased in density with the increase in the AgNW solution concentration and the decrease in spin speed. The effect of concentration on the distribution of AgNWs was greater than that of the spin speed. The transmittance of each electrode was between 84.19% and 88.12% at 550 nm, the average sheet resistance was between 20.09 and 358.11 Ω/sq, the highest figure of merit (FoM) was 104.42, and the lowest haze value was 1.48%. The electrode prepared at 1000 rpm with a concentration of 2 mg/mL and that prepared at 3000 rpm with a concentration of 3 mg/mL were very similar in terms of the average sheet resistance, transmittance at 550 nm, FoM, and haze value; thus, these two electrodes could be considered equivalent. The haze value of the electrode was positively correlated with the spin speed at low concentration, but that relationship became inverse as the concentration rose. For the AgNWs used in this experiment with an aspect ratio of 1125, the concentration of the AgNW solution should reach at least 2 mg/mL to ensure that the FoM of the electrode is greater than 35.

scholarly journals Figures of Merit for High-Performance Transparent Electrodes Using Dip-Coated Silver Nanowire Networks

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio B. Sepulveda-Mora ◽  
Sylvain G. Cloutier
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
The One ◽  
Nanowire Networks ◽  
Dip Coating Technique

Homogeneous, highly conductive, and transparent silver nanowire thin films were fabricated using a simple dip-coating technique and a subsequent annealing step. Silver nanowires with two different average lengths (11 μm and 19 μm) were used in the sample preparation to analyze the dependence of the sheet resistance on the length of the one-dimensional nanostructures. The best sample had a sheet resistance of 10.2 Ω/□with optical transmittance of 89.9%. Two figures of merit, the electrical to optical conductivity ratio(σDC/σOP)andϕTC, were obtained for all the samples in order to measure their performance as transparent conductive materials.

scholarly journals Preparation of Transparent Conductive Electrode via Layer-By-Layer Deposition of Silver Nanowires and Its Application in Organic Photovoltaic Device

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tugba Camic ◽  
Hong In Jeong ◽  
M. Hasan Aslan ◽  
Arif Kosemen ◽  
Seongbeom Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Photovoltaic Device ◽  
Organic Photovoltaic ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Transparent Conductive Electrode ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Organic Photovoltaic Device

Solution processed transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) were fabricated via layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition of silver nanowires (AgNWs). First, the AgNWs were coated on (3-Mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane modified glass substrates. Then, multilayer AgNW films were obtained by using 1,3-propanedithiol as a linker via LBL deposition, which made it possible to control the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of multilayer thin films. Next, thermal annealing of AgNW films was performed in order to agent their electrical conductivity. AgNW monolayer films were characterized by UV-Vis spectrometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy and sheet resistance measurement by four-point probe method. The high performances were achieved with multilayer films, which provided sheet resistances of 9 Ω/sq, 11 Ω/sq with optical transmittances of 71%, 70% at 550 nm, which are comparable to commercial indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. Finally, an organic photovoltaic device was fabricated on the AgNW multilayer electrodes for demonstration purpose, which exhibited power conversion efficiency of 1.1%.

FABRICATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC CRYSTALS WITH GE2SB2TE5 NANOHOLE ARRAYS BY NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1300-1305
Author(s):  
KI-HO SONG ◽  
HYUN-YONG LEE ◽  
HOE-YOUNG YANG ◽  
SUNG-WON KIM ◽  
JAE-HEE SEO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Nanosphere Lithography ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Photonic Bandgaps ◽  
Nanohole Arrays ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Lift Off

Two-dimensional photonic crystals (2D-PCs) with Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 ( GST ) nanohole arrays were prepared by the nanosphere lithography (NSL) process. A primary factor of PCs is that the refractive index (n) and the n-modulation can be realized by using the GST films, which exhibit a reversible phase transformation between amorphous and crystalline states by laser illumination. The polystyrene (PS) spheres with a diameter of 500 nm were spin-coated on Si substrate and subsequently reduced by O 2-plasma treatment. The reduced spheres were utilized as a lift-off mask of the NSL process and their size and separation could be precisely controlled. Amorphous GST films were thermally evaporated and then the reduced PS spheres were removed. The fabricated GST nanohole arrays were observed by SEM and AFM. The nanohole diameters are nearly linearly reduced with increasing plasma-treatment time (t). The reduction rate (δ) for the conditions of this work was evaluated to be ~ 0.92 nm/s. The period (Λ) and filling factor (η) of PCs are structure parameters that determine their photonic bandgaps (PBGs). η-modulation can be easily achieved via a control of t and the Λ can be also modulated by the use of PS spheres with specific diameter. In addition, the PBGs for the fabricated GST 2 D PC were calculated by considering the amorphous and crystalline states of GST .

Surface Properties of UHMWPE Fiber after Low Temperature Argon-Plasma Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Yun Xu ◽  
Wen Yu Wang ◽  
Xin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Uhmwpe Fiber ◽  
Wetting Ability ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Uhmwpe Fibers ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

To improve the adhesion between ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers and matrix, the UHMWPE fibers were treated by low temperature argon-plasma. The effects of argon-plasma treatment on the properties of UHMWPE have been investigated. The roughness and wetting ability were all found to increase significantly after modifications. The tensile strength of UHMWE fibers were decreased with the plasma treatment time. The optimum plasma treatment is 2min.The increasing of roughness and wetting ability of UHMWPE fiber are beneficial to the improvement the adhesion between UHMWPE fiber and matrix.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Bonding of PMMA and Double-Sided Polished Silicon Wafers through H2O Plasma Treatment for Microfluidic Devices

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Chao-Ching Chiang ◽  
Philip Nathaniel Immanuel ◽  
Yi-Hsiung Chiu ◽  
Song-Jeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time

In this work we report on a rapid, easy-to-operate, lossless, room temperature heterogeneous H2O plasma treatment process for the bonding of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and double-sided polished (DSP) silicon substrates by for utilization in sandwich structured microfluidic devices. The heterogeneous bonding of the sandwich structure produced by the H2O plasma is analyzed, and the effect of heterogeneous bonding of free radicals and high charge electrons (e−) in the formed plasma which causes a passivation phenomenon during the bonding process investigated. The PMMA and silicon surface treatments were performed at a constant radio frequency (RF) power and H2O flow rate. Changing plasma treatment time and powers for both processes were investigated during the experiments. The gas flow rate was controlled to cause ionization of plasma and the dissociation of water vapor from hydrogen (H) atoms and hydroxyl (OH) bonds, as confirmed by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The OES results show the relative intensity peaks emitted by the OH radicals, H and oxygen (O). The free energy is proportional to the plasma treatment power and gas flow rate with H bonds forming between the adsorbed H2O and OH groups. The gas density generated saturated bonds at the interface, and the discharge energy that strengthened the OH-e− bonds. This method provides an ideal heterogeneous bonding technique which can be used to manufacture new types of microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effect of Ambient Air Plasma Treatment on the Properties of Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Shekargoftar ◽  
Jana Jurmanová ◽  
Tomáš Homola
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Surface Barrier ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Air Plasma Treatment

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite materials are considered excellent active layers in the fabrication of highly efficient and low-cost photovoltaic devices. This contribution demonstrates that rapid and low-temperature air-plasma treatment of mixed organic-inorganic halide perovskite film is a promising technique, controlling its opto-electrical surface properties by changing the ratio of organic-to-inorganic components. Plasma treatment of perovskite films was performed with high power-density (25 kW/m2 and 100 W/cm3) diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge (DCSBD) at 70 °C in ambient air. The results show that short plasma treatment time (1 s, 2 s, and 5 s) led to a relatively enlargement of grain size, however, longer plasma treatment time (10 s and 20 s) led to an etching of the surface. The band-gap energy of the perovskite films was related to the duration of plasma treatment; short periods (≤5 s) led to a widening of the band gap from ~1.66 to 1.73 eV, while longer exposure (>5 s) led to a narrowing of the band gap to approx. 1.63 eV and fast degradation of the film due to etching. Surface analysis demonstrated that the film became homogeneous, with highly oriented crystals, after short plasma treatment; however, prolonging the plasma treatment led to morphological disorders and partial etching of the surface. The plasma treatment approach presented herein addresses important challenges in current perovskite solar cells: tuning the optoelectronic properties and manufacturing homogeneous perovskite films.

scholarly journals ADHESION OF PET/PSMA INTERFACES REINFORCED WITH PLASMA TREATMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
CHI-AN DAI ◽  
TAI-AN TSUI ◽  
YAO-YI CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Pet Films

The interface between biaxially oriented poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films and poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) was reinforced by nitrogen plasma treatment of PET film and subsequent annealing treatment of the PET/PSMA bi-material. The fracture toughness, Gc, of the interface was quantitatively measured using an asymmetric double cantilever beam test (ADCB). X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) was used to measure the change in the surface composition of PET films upon plasma treatment and correlate the fracture toughness of the interface. The fracture energy of PET/PSMA interface is significantly enhanced by annealing the plasma treated PET with PSMA at a temperature greater than the glass transition temperature of PSMA (~ 120°C). At an annealing temperature of 150°C, Gc increases with increasing plasma treatment time and reaches a plateau value of ~ 100–120 J/m2, a two order of magnitude increase in Gc compared with that of samples annealed at 130°C. The enhancement of the adhesion is resulted from the in-situ formation of copolymers due to reaction between amine functional groups from the plasma treatment and anhydride groups from PSMA. For plasma treatment time < 10 s, scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement show that the fracture surface is relatively smooth indicating an interfacial failure between PET/PSMA. With increasing plasma treatment time and therefore increasing the amount of nitrogen functional groups on PET surface, large plastic deformation takes place at the PET/PSMA interface. For treatment time ≥ 100–150 s, the PET/PSMA interface becomes stronger than PET bulk material and consequently crack deviates from the interface and the failure occurs within the PET film. The interlayer fracture energy of a biaxially oriented PET film can thus be quantitatively measured with a Gc value of roughly 120 J/m2.

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