Monitoring the FSW Processes with Use of Thermal Imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 859-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Mężyk ◽  
Szymon Kowieski
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Imaging Camera ◽  
On Line

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a recently developed method for making a rigid joint of materials that are otherwise hard to weld. It uses a rotating tool for softening the materials without reaching the melting point, and while the tool is moved along the joint line the plasticised material from the joined materials is mixed and hardened producing the solid phase bond. The article presents the authors’ method for monitoring the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) processes with use of thermal imaging camera.FSW method is a new method and there are only few tools to assess the quality of the process, especially on-line, that is in the making of the weld. The authors propose a method for monitoring the FSW process using hybrid vision methods that is acquisition of the image of the weld with the use of a thermal imaging camera and visual band camera. The paper presents selected results of research performed using infrared imaging channel.The recorded thermograms allow identifying the weld defects and non-compliances during the process and using a thermal imaging camera, also allow detecting subsurface defects. The obtained results indicate its potential practical application but still the described application is to be further developed to become a part of a hybrid system for monitoring the FSW processes.

Monitoring the FSW Processes Using a Multispectral Vision Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Mężyk ◽  
Piotr Garbacz
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Visual Channel ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
On Line ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Surface Discontinuities

The FSW method is a modern and still not very common method for joining materials by mixing them after plasticising with a special tool. The rotary motion of the tool and its pressure against the welded surface causes friction and, as an effect, local heating of the material that then causes plasticisation. Then the tool moves linearly along the trajectory of welding, while the stem causes the mixing of materials and tool’s shoulder concentrates and presses the material in the produced weld. An important feature of the process is that the material does not pass to the liquid phase and remain in the solid phase. This method allows the combination of non-welding and difficult to weld materials, including combining different materials (dissimilar). The FSW method is a new method and there are no tools to assess the quality of the process, especially on-line, that is in the making of the weld. Currently, the research methods used include point temperature measurement and measurement of forces on the tool performed during welding, and metallographic methods that are destructive can be used after the weld. This article presents the authors’ method for monitoring the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) processes with use of a multi-spectral vision method. The monitoring method uses the system built of two visual channels that work in different light bands; hence, the name of the method ismulti-spectral.The main component of the system is an infrared camera that is used for the observation of the temperature distribution on the surface of the welded materials. The second visual channel uses the line-scan visual band camera for recording the image of the surface of the weld. Such observation allows the detection of weld defects and non-compliances, which include excessive burrs, discontinuities, uneven edge of the weld, as well as the subsurface faults such as cavities and sub-surface discontinuities. In addition, the temperature of the process is monitored to prevent under-and over-heating, which may result in a weak joint or cracks in the material. The presented method is applied for monitoring the FSW process and presents a worldwide novelty.

scholarly journals Thermal Emissivity and Cigarette Coal Temperature During Smolder

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Lyman ◽  
TA Perfetti ◽  
DM Riggs ◽  
WT Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Camera Lens ◽  
Coal Temperature ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Imaging Camera

AbstractCoal temperatures affect the burn properties of cigarettes. Thermal imaging was used to determine the average maximum surface coal temperatures during smolder of cigarettes of different tobacco types. The thermal imaging camera was calibrated against a reference blackbody. An emissivity correction was necessary since the set point temperatures of the reference blackbody did not correspond to the measured temperatures of the reference blackbody. A 0.87 camera emissivity was applied to provide accurate coal temperatures at a corrected emissivity of approximately 1. The average maximum surface coal temperatures during smolder of unfiltered single-tobacco-type cigarettes and a commercial blend cigarette were determined (with the camera lens focused parallel to the cigarette), and no discernible differences among them were found. The calculated average maximum surface coal temperature during smolder for all cigarettes was 584 AA± 15 °C. During smolder, thermocouples were used to measure the temperature of the gas phase (along the central axis of coal), and the thermal imaging camera was used to measure the temperature of the solid phase of the coal's surface. Using thermocouples, the peak coal temperatures in the center of the coal during smolder for three filtered single-tobacco-type cigarettes were 736-744 °C. Peak coal temperatures, measured by thermal imaging, on the surface of the coal (with the camera lens focused coaxially with the coal and the ash removed) for the same three single-tobacco-type cigarettes had a range of 721-748 °C. There was good correspondence between the two techniques. These results confirm that during smolder the gas-phase temperature inside the coal (as measured with the thermocouple) and the solid-phase temperatures beneath the ash (as measured with the camera) are in near thermal equilibrium. With proper calibration, a thermal imaging system is a good alternative to thermocouples for measuring cigarette coal temperatures.

scholarly journals Thermal Imaging Study to Determine the Operational Condition of a Conveyor Belt Drive System Structure

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Dawid Szurgacz ◽  
Sergey Zhironkin ◽  
Stefan Vöth ◽  
Jiří Pokorný ◽  
A.J.S. (Sam) Spearing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Condition ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Imaging Camera ◽  
Maintenance Service

The paper discusses the results of a study carried out to determine the thermal condition of a conveyor power unit using a thermal imaging camera. The tests covered conveyors in the main haulage system carrying coal from a longwall. The measurements were taken with a thermal imaging diagnostic method which measures infrared radiation emitted by an object. This technology provides a means of assessing the imminence and severity of a possible failure or damage. The method is a non-contact measuring technique and offers great advantages in an underground mine. The thermograms were analysed by comparing the temperature distribution. An analysis of the operating time of the conveyors was also carried out and the causes of the thermal condition were determined. The main purpose of the research was to detect changes in thermal state during the operation of a belt conveyor that could indicate failure and permit early maintenance and eliminate the chance of a fire. The article also discusses the construction and principle of operation of a thermal imaging camera. The findings obtained from the research analysis on determining the thermal condition of the conveyor drive unit are a valuable source of information for the mine’s maintenance service.

Rewetting Analysis of Hot Moving Surface by Round Water Jet Impingement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avadhesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mayank Modak ◽  
Santosh K. Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Axial Distance ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Moving Plate ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Plate Velocity ◽  
Imaging Camera

Impinging jets are commonly utilized in the run-out table (ROT) cooling in the hot rolling process in steel manufacturing industries. The phenomenon of rapid cooling of a sufficiently hot surface is termed as the quenching. The present paper reports the rewetting behavior of 0.15 mm thick hot moving stainless steel foil (SS-304) by circular impinging jet from bottom side through experimental investigation. The transient temperature of the hot foil is recorded by using thermal imaging camera (A655sc, FLIR system). Tests are performed for a varied range of Reynolds number (Re = 2500–10000), nozzle to plate distance (z/d = 6), moving plate velocity (0–40 mm/s) and initial surface temperature 500±10 °C. Transient temperature obtained from thermal imaging camera is used to evaluate rewetting time and rewetting velocity. Based on the experimental investigation correlation has been proposed to predict non-dimensional rewetting velocity as a function of various parameters, namely, Reynolds number, non-dimensional axial distance and moving plate velocity.

MOEMS thermal imaging camera

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fatih Toy ◽  
Onur Ferhanoglu ◽  
Hamdi Torun ◽  
F. Levent Degertekin ◽  
Hakan Urey
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Imaging Camera

scholarly journals Impact of Thermal Dissipation on the Lighting Performance and Useful Life of LED Luminaires Applied to Urban Lighting: A Case Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Juan de Dios Unión-Sánchez ◽  
Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez ◽  
Manuel Jesús Hervás-Pulido ◽  
Blas Ogáyar-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
Junction Temperature ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Imaging Camera ◽  
Fluent Simulation ◽  
Useful Life

Currently, LED technology is an established form of lighting in our cities and homes. Its lighting performance, durability, energy efficiency and light, together with the economic savings that its use implies, are displacing other classic forms of lighting. However, some problems associated with the durability of the equipment related to the problems of thermal dissipation and high temperature have begun to be detected, which end up affecting their luminous intensity and the useful life. There are many studies that show a direct relationship between the low quality of LED lighting and the aging of the equipment or its overheating, observing the depreciation of the intensity of the light and the visual chromaticity performance that can affect the health of users by altering circadian rhythms. On the other hand, the shortened useful life of the luminaires due to thermal stress has a direct impact on the LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) and its environmental impact, which indirectly affects human health. The purpose of this article is to compare the results previously obtained, at different contour temperatures, by theoretical thermal simulation of the 3D model of LED street lighting luminaires through the ANSYS Fluent simulation software. Contrasting these results with the practical results obtained with a thermal imaging camera, the study shows how the phenomenon of thermal dissipation plays a fundamental role in the lighting performance of LED technology. The parameter studied in this work is junction temperature (Tj), and how it can be used to predict the luminous properties in the design phase of luminaires in order to increase their useful life.

scholarly journals Towards Collection of Smart City Data for Cloud Storage Using UAVs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Ilia Ageev ◽  
Wolfram Hardt
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Cloud Storage ◽  
Traffic Analysis ◽  
Thermal Imaging Camera ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Imaging Camera

The article describes the methodology and process of collecting smart city data using drones for cities that do not have a sufficiently developed infrastructure. For storage and subsequent analysis of data, a cloud server is required; TUC DriveCloud is presented as an example of such a server in the article. Traffic analysis and building inspection are described as examples of drone data collection tasks. The advantages and disadvantages of collecting data using a thermal imaging camera are also discussed using the example of the problem of detecting and tracking the movement of people.

scholarly journals Review on Friction Stir Processed TIG and Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Alloy Joints

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sipokazi Mabuwa ◽  
Velaphi Msomi
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Tungsten Inert Gas Welding ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Dissimilar Alloys ◽  
The Status

There is an increase in reducing the weight of structures through the use of aluminium alloys in different industries like aerospace, automotive, etc. This growing interest will lead towards using dissimilar aluminium alloys which will require welding. Currently, tungsten inert gas welding and friction stir welding are the well-known techniques suitable for joining dissimilar aluminium alloys. The welding of dissimilar alloys has its own dynamics which impact on the quality of the weld. This then suggests that there should be a process which can be used to improve the welds of dissimilar alloys post their production. Friction stir processing is viewed as one of the techniques that could be used to improve the mechanical properties of a material. This paper reports on the status and the advancement of friction stir welding, tungsten inert gas welding and the friction stir processing technique. It further looks at the variation use of friction stir processing on tungsten inert gas and friction stir welded joints with the purpose of identifying the knowledge gap.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document