scholarly journals ELECTROMYOGRAPHY OF THE URETHRAL SPHINCTER IN SUI

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
A. Cianci ◽  
S. Caruso ◽  
S. Bandiera ◽  
M.G. Matarazzo ◽  
F. Rapisarda ◽  
...  

The study values, through electromyography (emg), the stripped urethral sphyncter activity in women with stress incontinence (USI). 10 women with USI and 5 healthy women -control group- underwent urogynecologic examination, urodynamic examination and urethral electromyography examination. The endurance and extension of tension were took in the consideration. 9 women with USI had EGM showing denervation/renervation nervous damage, supported by potential’s wideness and length higher than control group (>300μV), either during relax or cough, and the trace’s absence of the interference with voluntary contraction. Only one woman with USI showed an EGM compatible with myogen damage: values <100 μV in all traces and negative anamnesis for risk factors. The Authors emphasize the role of EMG as a particular exam to study in deep the causes of urinary incontinence helpful to identify basic disorders of USI.

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
A. BERNABEI ◽  
Va. TROTTA ◽  
Vi. TROTTA

A retrospective study of patients of the Urogynaecological Unit in Siena is reported. Out of 228 women examined, 141 had urinary incontinence (stress incontinence 110, urge incontinence 18, mixed 13). Predisposing factors and risk factors were investigated. A parallel study in a non-selected population of women was performed by means of a questionnaire of self-evaluation for urinary incontinence. About 20% of this population had urinary incontinence to some degree, but only a small percentage of these women had already sought medical advice.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dimitra Liapi ◽  
Aikaterini Sfiridaki ◽  
Aikaterini Livadiotaki ◽  
Athanasios Alegakis ◽  
Kostas Stylianou ◽  
...  

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The inherited thrombophilic mutations of the factor V gene (FVG1691A Leiden-FVL), prothrombin gene (PTG20210A), and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T (MTHFR C677T) are risk factors for thromboembolic events and are related to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The main objective of this study was to explore the role of these factors in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and survival of patients with CKD-5 receiving haemodialysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A cohort of 395 patients with CKD-5 on haemodialysis, from 6 dialysis units in Crete, Greece were recruited based on their medical records and were followed for 5 years. We collected data on CKD-5 aetiology, thrombophilic gene expression, vascular access thrombosis, time of death, and causes of death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mutated genes just as prevalent in patients with CKD-5 as they were in a control group with no renal disease (<i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05). FVL heterozygosity was significantly more prevalent (11.4 vs. 5.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.036) in patients presented with CKD of unknown aetiology, compared to CKD secondary to known aetiologies. The survival of patients with CKD-5 receiving haemodialysis was not affected by the presence of any thrombophilic mutation. This held true for the whole cohort and for the cohort that included only lethal vascular events. Most patients with MTHFR C677T heterozygosity, and all patients with MTHFR C677T homozygosity, died from vascular events during the follow-up period. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The FVL mutation may act as a risk factor for CKD. This study increases our understanding of molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of CKD of unknown aetiology. Τhe presence of thrombophilic mutations did not affect the overall survival of patients with CKD-5. This finding probably reflects the effect of medical care on patient outcomes.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Malazonia ◽  
Tamar Zerekidze ◽  
Elen Giorgadze ◽  
Natia Chkheidze ◽  
Ketevan Asatiani

AIM: The role of behavioural factors and sleep duration and quality is important in the pathogenesis of obesity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of behavioural risk factors on melatonin secretion in women.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In total, 120 female patients were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups according to the body mass index. Detailed history, anthropometric measurements, urine and blood samples were evaluated for each patient.RESULTS: Two groups significantly differed in weight, BMI, and waist circumference, and were 94.2 ± 14.9 kg, 33.4 ± 5.23 kg/m2 and 99.2 ± 12.6 cm for the study group and 56.0 ± 5.2 kg, 20.0 ± 1.8 kg/m2 and 60.1 ± 10.4 cm for the control group, respectively, sleep disruptions were detected in 48 patients from study group, with mean score 6.76 ± 3.6, and only 10 patients were detected in the control group, with mean score 4.42 ± 1.68. Eating disturbances were revealed in 66 patients from the study group and 21 patients from the control group. Melatonin levels were 17% higher in the study group, compared to control group.CONCLUSION: Higher melatonin levels in patients with obesity and concomitant behavioural impairments may be due to its protective effect to fight free radicals and to induce vasodilatation. Further studies are needed to confirm our finding.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Hassanein Fadel Mohammed ◽  
Sarah Hassan Jaber

This study for the diagnosis of thyroid using pcsk9.The current study was conducted on seventy women patients suffering from thyroid disease attending in Center for diabetes and Endocrinology Unit in each of Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital and AL FURAT AL AWSAT Hospital in Al-Najaf province/ Iraq, and during the period from September until December 2017. The sample patients were divided into four study groups: premenopausal hypothyroidism patients group (20), postmenopausal hypothyroidism (15), premenopausal hyperthyroidism patients groups (17), and postmenopausal hyperthyroidism (18). The control group composed of 18 healthy women, also divided into premenopausal control and postmenopausal control.  The results indicated a significant increase (p<0.05) in pcsk9 in hypothyroidism patients compared with the control group, while a significant decrease (p<0.05) in pcsk9 in hyperthyroidism patients compared with the control group.  The results indicated a significant decrease (p<0.05) in pcsk9 in premenopausal hyperthyroidism patients compared with the control group, and a significant decrease (p<0.05) in pcsk9 in postmenopausal hyperthyroidism patients compared with the control group. The results indicated a significant increase (p<0.05) in pcsk9 in premenopausal hypothyroidism patients compared with the control group, and a significant increase (p<0.05) in pcsk9 in the postmenopausal hypothyroidism patients compared with the control group, also a significant increase in pcsk9 in postmenopausal than premenopausal.


Author(s):  
Chairul Rijal

Objective: To identify the prevalence of urinary incontinence, the distribution of the type of urinary incontinence and related risk factors in women older than 50 years. Method: This is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. Two hundred and seventy eight women older than 50 years old living in nursing home were interviewed using the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) that has been translated and validated. The prevalence will be presented in the form of percentage; while the relationship between risk factors and the incidence or urinary incontinence will be analyzed using Chi square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate, and multivariate analysis. Result: Of 278 research subjects, we obtained 95 subjects (34.2%) suffering from urinary incontinence. Moreover, the distribution of the type is 67 subjects (70.5%) with mixed urinary incontinence, 17 (17.9%) with stress incontinence and 11 subjects (11.6%) with urge incontinence. Body mass index (BMI) showing overweight and obesity are not related with the prevalence of urinary incontinence (p>0.05), which may be caused by the low number of subjects with overweight and obesity. Meanwhile, factors related to urinary incontinence are age older than 60 years (OR=7.79, p=0.021), menopause 10 years (OR=5.08, p=0.004) and multiparity (OR=1.82, p=0.019). Based on multivariate analysis, the risk factor of age older than 60 years is no longer related to urinary incontinence (p>0.05). Thus it can be inferred that age older than 60 years is not a singular factor causing urinary incontinence but rather a part of a multifactorial model. Conclusion: This study shows that the prevalence of urinary incontinence in women living in nursing home is 34.2%; while the distribution of the urinary incontinence is 67 subjects (70.5%) with mixed urinary incontinence, 17 subjects with stress incontinence (17.9%) and 11 subjects (11.6%) with urge incontinence. Risk factors for urinary incontinence are menopause 10 years and multiparity. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 4: 193-198 Keywords: mixed urinary incontinence, menopause, multiparity, prevalence, stress incontinence, urge incontinence, urinary incontinence, Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID)


2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
J. Timmermans ◽  
B. Van Goethem ◽  
H. De Rooster ◽  
D. Paepe

Urinary incontinence, an uncontrolled urine leakage during the storage phase of micturition, is a common condition in female dogs. In intact bitches, the reported prevalence is only 0.2-0.3%, but in spayed bitches it varies between 3.1-20.1%. Most commonly, dogs with acquired urinary incontinence suffer from urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence. This condition seems tobe multifactorial, and although the exact pathophysiology remains unclear, potential risk factors include gender, gonadectomy, breed, body weight, urethral length and bladder neck position. In daily practice, the diagnosis of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is usually made after eliminating other potential causes of urinary incontinence. Incontinent bitches are primarily treated with medications, such as alpha-adrenergic drugs, e.g. phenylpropanolamine and oestrogens. Surgery is recommended when patients become refractory to medical treatment.


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Amara ◽  
Meriem Mrad ◽  
Aicha Sayeh ◽  
Dhaker Lahideb ◽  
Samy Layouni ◽  
...  

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as atherosclerotic heart disease, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. The role of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in the etiology of CAD remains to be more completely clarified. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the ACE I/D polymorphism in patients with CAD and to study the association together with traditional risk factors in assessing the risk of CAD. Methods: Our study population included 145 Tunisian patients with symptomatic CAD and a control group of 300 people matched for age and sex. All participants in the study were genotyped for the ACE I/D polymorphisms obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification on genomic DNA. Results: Our analysis showed that the ACE D allele frequency ( P < 10−3; odds ratio [OR] = 5.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.6-7.6) and DD genotype ( P < 10−3; OR = 6.8; 95% CI = 4.4-10) are significantly more prevalent among patients with CAD than in controls and may be predisposing to CAD. We further found that the risk of CAD is greatly potentiated by several concomitant risk factors (smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and a family history of CAD). Conclusion: The ACE D allele may be predictive in individuals who may be at risk of developing CAD. Further investigations of these polymorphisms and their possible synergisms with traditional risk factors for CAD could help to ascertain better predictability for CAD susceptibility.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ahmad H. Alghadir ◽  
Cynthia Tse ◽  
Amir Iqbal ◽  
Mariam Al-Khater ◽  
Ghadeer Al-Rasheed

Purpose. There may be a strong association among stress urinary incontinence (SUI), low back pain (LBP), and core muscle endurance (CME) in married women. This study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence and clinical association between SUI, CME, and LBP among married women in Saudi Arabia. Methods. The study was based on a case-control research design, conducted among 143 women with LBP (mean age, 32 ± 7.4 years) and 160 healthy women (mean age, 31.7 ± 6.7 years). SUI, CME, and functional disability were assessed using the international consultation on the Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), prone plank test (PP), and Oswestry Disability Index for LBP-United Arab Emirates edition (ODI-UAE). Results. The prevalence of SUI was found to be 60% in the LBP group while 20% in the control group. CME revealed a stronger negative correlation with SUI in the LBP group ( r s = − 0.75 ) than in the control group ( r s = − 0.63 ). Conclusions. The prevalence of SUI was observed higher in women with LBP than healthy women. CME exhibited a stronger association with SUI than LBP among women with LBP compared to healthy women in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, the role of CME in SUI development or vice versa among married women with LBP may be subjected to further research.


Genetika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-472
Author(s):  
Iva Pruner ◽  
Branko Tomic ◽  
Marija Dragojevic ◽  
Maja Gvozdenov ◽  
Mirjana Kovac ◽  
...  

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women. An increased burden of thrombotic events among breast cancer patients, leading to higher mortality and morbidity rates, is well established. There are a number of genetic risk factors associated with thrombosis, but their contribution to thrombotic tendencies in patients with cancer is not completely elucidated. We aimed to investigate possible role of FV Leiden, FII G20210A, MTHFR C677T and PAI-1 4G/5G gene variants in etiopathology of breast cancer and accompanying thrombosis in cohort of Serbian patients. Our study included 316 subject divided in three groups: breast cancer patients with (97) or without (99) accompanying thrombosis and healthy control group (120). According to our results, the prevalence for all four prothrombotic gene variants were similar in cancer patients with and without thrombosis and no statistically significant difference was observed between these groups. We detected lower frequency of MTHFR 677TT genotype in breast cancer patients when compared to control group (P=0.014; OR=0.145 (95%CI 0.031-0.679)), indicated that MTHFR C677T homozygosity could play a protective role in breast cancer susceptibility. Our study noted the lack of association between common prothrombotic gene variants and increased prothrombotic risk in Serbian breast cancer patients. Also, our results point out possible role of MTHFR 677TT genotype in etiology of breast cancer, but further studies on larger cohort of patients are needed.


2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Mikhaylovna Denisova ◽  
Vladimir Vsevolodovich Potin ◽  
Mariya Igorevna Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Yekaterina Mikhaylovna Timofeyeva

Aromatase is the key enzyme, which converts androgens into estrogens. To study the role of aromatase in pathogenesis of endometriosis 57 patients and 15 healthy women of reproductive age were examined. Aromatase activity was detected by reaction of estrogens on aromatase inhibitor letrozol intake. Ovarian source of detected aromatase activity was proved by suppression of reaction on letrozole intake during therapy with gonadotropin- releasing hormone agonist. Aromatase activity in recalculation on antral follicle in endometriosis patients withII–IV stages was higher than in healthy women, though total ovarian aromatase activity was not differed from control group because of low number of antral follicles in endometriosis patients. The disturbance of folliculogenesis in endometriosis is connected probably with hyperestronaemia, which has ovarian and extragonandal origin.


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