scholarly journals The shifting landscape of African-Pentecostalism in Kenya

2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius M. Gathogo
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Theological Education ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
African Culture ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
Research Article ◽  
General Practices

I define African Pentecostalism as the Pentecostal thread that embraces some elements of African culture, without necessarily admitting it. It embraces some elements of the African heritage consciously or unconsciously. This research article sets on the premise that African Pentecostalism is the ideal phrase when referring to Pentecostalism in Africa. This drives us to consider the uniqueness of Pentecostalism in Africa rather than generalising its presence. This article seeks to demonstrate that African Pentecostalism in the 21st-century Kenya has undergone paradigm shifts in various dimensions, which includes leadership structuring, political orientations, modes of disciplining, eschatological concern, structural make-up, economic domain, health concern, ecumenical relations, gender relations, identity politics, theological education, poverty concern, use of science and technology, and general practices. Has the religious outfits that referred the earthly concerns as temporal tents and largely focused on the ‘eternal house in heaven, not built by human hands’ (2 Cor 5:1) appreciated the necessity of God’s kingdom and will-being ‘done on earth, as it is in heaven’ (Mt 6:10)? In light of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), has the ecclesiastical model that was too conservative become liberal in nature? The methodology includes interviews with selected people who are connected to this topic, participant observation and through an extensive review of the relevant literature.

scholarly journals Street-Level Multiculturalism: Cultural Integration and Identity Politics of African Migrants in Hong Kong

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-57
Author(s):  
Terence Chun Tat Shum
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
African Culture ◽  
African Migrants ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Conscious Process ◽  
African Drum

Abstract Multiculturalism is about co-existence of diverse cultures. Current literature on multiculturalism mostly uses a top-down approach to examine how the governments adopt different policies to manage cultural diversity. However, how the migrants use their own culture including music to enhance integration is often neglected. This paper uses the experience of African migrants in Hong Kong to reveal an alternative account of multiculturalism. Based on in-depth interviews and participant observation with African drummers, this paper examines the role of African drum as a means of cultural integration. It raises the concept of “street-level multiculturalism” for analysing how African migrants experience and negotiate cultural difference on the ground. It argues that African drum music promotes intercultural contact by arousing curiosity and creating friendly atmosphere. Africans’ engagement in identity politics is based on their marginal status. Their ability to negotiate their African culture and their Hong Kong experience is a politically conscious process.

Linking Identity Politics and Foreign Policy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisel Hintz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Domestic Level ◽  
Over Time

This chapter provides clear definitions of the concepts the book uses and the theory of inside-out identity contestation it develops. The chapter defines competing identity proposals as suggested understandings of the national self that prescribe and proscribe specific behaviors and red lines as particularly intolerable points of contention among supporters of various proposals. It then argues that identity hegemony is the goal of these supporters, and contestation is the process by which the contours of identity debates change over time in supporters’ efforts to achieve hegemony. The chapter briefly reviews relevant literature to carve out space for the book’s theoretical argument: when supporters of a proposal are blocked at the domestic level, they take their fight “outside” through the use of international institutional conditionality, transnational activist networks, and/or diasporic politics. The chapter also discusses the methodology of intertextual analysis and process tracing employed in the study.

“Is all o’ we one?”: Creolization and ethnic identification in Samuel Selvon’s “Turning Christian”

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyacinth M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
African Heritage

Samuel Selvon’s fiction reveals the author’s abiding concern with questions of identity and community and his investment in reconciling the seemingly conflicting subjects of creolization and ethnic identification in Caribbean societies, particularly in his native Trinidad. The pervasive and often violent ethnic conflict between Trinidadians of Indian and African heritage is linked to constructions of the nation in which claims to, as well as exclusion from, Creole identities play an important role. In response, Selvon’s fictional interventions position Indian communities (whether peasant, working- or middle-class) in relation to other ethno-racial groups in ways that construct Trinidadian-ness as an inclusive and dynamic negotiation of self and culture across the various communities represented in the nation. Drawing on Kamau Brathwaite’s seminal concept of creolization as well as the work of other theorists (including Mintz, Bolland, and Munasinghe) of Creole identities and the creolization process, the analysis of “Turning Christian” — a short story excerpted from Selvon’s unfinished novel — provides an account of Selvon’s identity politics in this and his other works of fiction.

“The American Outlaws Are Our People”: Fox Sports and the Branded Ambivalence of an American Soccer Fan at the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup

2021 ◽  
pp. 152747642110532
Author(s):  
Charlotte E. Howell
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Sports Media ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Sports Programming ◽  
American National Identity ◽  
American Media

Drawing on fan studies, sports media studies, media industries studies, and participant observation of the American Outlaws, this essay analyzes specific aspects of the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup as televised by Fox Sports in the wider context of soccer’s evolving place within the American sports media marketplace. American media companies have increasingly positioned soccer as an upscale sport in the U.S. In addition to representing an affluent and cosmopolitan taste culture, the representation of the American Outlaws as part of Fox Sports’ programming and branding flattened the frictions of class, national identity, politics, and race that shaped American soccer discourse in the summer of 2019. This essay explores this flattening and the underlying tensions between televising a tournament based in American national identity that allows for a more mass audience appeal and the more niche-based framing of soccer—including the progressive politics of women’s soccer—in U.S. sports media.

scholarly journals Efficiency and thoroughness trade-offs in high-volume organisational routines: an ethnographic study of prescribing safety in primary care

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Grant ◽  
Bruce Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Organisational Routines ◽  
The Face ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Context Specific

BackgroundPrescribing is a high-volume primary care routine where both speed and attention to detail are required. One approach to examining how organisations approach quality and safety in the face of high workloads is Hollnagel’s Efficiency and Thoroughness Trade-Off (ETTO). Hollnagel argues that safety is aligned with thoroughness and that a choice is required between efficiency and thoroughness as it is not usually possible to maximise both. This study aimed to ethnographically examine the efficiency and thoroughness trade-offs made by different UK general practices in the achievement of prescribing safety.MethodsNon-participant observation was conducted of prescribing routines across eight purposively sampled UK general practices. Sixty-two semistructured interviews were also conducted with key practice staff alongside the analysis of relevant practice documents.ResultsThe eight practices in this study adopted different context-specific approaches to safely handling prescription requests by variably prioritising speed of processing by receptionists (efficiency) or general practitioner (GP) clinical judgement (thoroughness). While it was not possible to maximise both at the same time, practices situated themselves at various points on an efficiency-thoroughness spectrum where one approach was prioritised at particular stages of the routine. Both approaches carried strengths and risks, with thoroughness-focused approaches considered safer but more challenging to implement in practice due to GP workload issues. Most practices adopting efficiency-focused approaches did so out of necessity as a result of their high workload due to their patient population (eg, older, socioeconomically deprived).ConclusionsHollnagel’s ETTO presents a useful way for healthcare organisations to optimise their own high-volume processes through reflection on where they currently prioritise efficiency and thoroughness, the stages that are particularly risky and improved ways of balancing competing priorities.

scholarly journals Exploring Perinatal Asphyxia by Metabolomics

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Locci ◽  
Giovanni Bazzano ◽  
Roberto Demontis ◽  
Alberto Chighine ◽  
Vassilios Fanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Brain damage related to perinatal asphyxia is the second cause of neuro-disability worldwide. Its incidence was estimated in 2010 as 8.5 cases per 1000 live births worldwide, with no further recent improvement even in more industrialized countries. If so, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is still an issue of global health concern. It is thought that a consistent number of cases may be avoided, and its sequelae may be preventable by a prompt and efficient physical and therapeutic treatment. The lack of early, reliable, and specific biomarkers has up to now hampered a more effective use of hypothermia, which represents the only validated therapy for this condition. The urge to unravel the biological modifications underlying perinatal asphyxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy needs new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Metabolomics for its own features is a powerful approach that may help for the identification of specific metabolic profiles related to the pathological mechanism and foreseeable outcome. The metabolomic profiles of animal and human infants exposed to perinatal asphyxia or developing hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy have so far been investigated by means of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry coupled with gas or liquid chromatography, leading to the identification of promising metabolomic signatures. In this work, an extensive review of the relevant literature was performed.

scholarly journals Community-onsetStaphylococcus aureusinfections presenting to general practices in South-eastern Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. BENNETT ◽  
G. W. COOMBS ◽  
G. M. WOOD ◽  
B. P. HOWDEN ◽  
L. E. A. JOHNSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Concern ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Community Onset

SUMMARYCommunity-acquiredStaphylococcus aureusinfections are a public health concern, yet little is known about infections that do not present to hospital. We identified community-onsetS. aureusinfections via specimens submitted to a community-based pathology service. Referring doctors confirmed eligibility and described infection site, severity and treatment. Isolates were characterized on antibiotic resistance, PFGE, MLST/SCCmec, and Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL), representing 106 community-onset infections; 34 non-multiresistant methicillin-resistantS. aureus(nmMRSA) (resistant to <3 non-β-lactam antibiotics), 15 multiply antibiotic-resistant MRSA (mMRSA) and 57 methicillin-sensitiveS. aureus(MSSA). Most (93%) were skin and soft tissue infections. PVL genes were carried by 42% of nmMRSA isolates [95% confidence interval (CI) 26–61] and 15% of MSSA (95% CI 8–28). PVL was associated with infections of the trunk, head or neck (56·4%vs. 24·3%,P = 0·005) in younger patients (23vs. 52 years,P < 0·001), and with boils or abscesses (OR 8·67, 95% CI 2·9–26·2), suggesting underlying differences in exposure and/or pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Workshop on Writing a Review of Relevant Literature in a Research Report for English Teachers in Bogor

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Anna Marietta Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Report Writing ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The Given

The workshop on writing a review of relevant literature in a research paper is part of a series of workshop given to English teachers of Bogor Regency. The workshop series is part of the cooperation between Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia and Pakuan University in terms of research and community service. The theme was chosen because of the needs of the teachers to write and publish their classroom action research report for their professional development. Therefore the goal of the workshop is to assist and guide the teachers in their report writing, particularly the literature review. The workshop consisted of explanation about a literature review of a research article, steps to write a review and analysis of samples of reviews. The participants mostly appreciated the content of the workshop and hoped that the following workshop theme will either extend the given materials or cover skills of writing other sections of a research article. They also gave some suggestions related to the technique of delivery and duration of the workshop.  

scholarly journals Performance of Immunodiagnostic Tests for Typhoid Fever: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ahmad Najib ◽  
Khairul Mohd Fadzli Mustaffa ◽  
Eugene Boon Beng Ong ◽  
Kasturi Selvam ◽  
Muhammad Fazli Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Added Benefit

Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a life-threatening bacterial infection that remains a global health concern. The infection is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality rate, resulting in an urgent need for specific and rapid detection tests to aid prevention and management of the disease. The present review aims to assess the specificity and sensitivity of the available literature on the immunodiagnostics of typhoid fever. A literature search was conducted using three databases (PubMed, ProQuest and Scopus) and manual searches through the references of identified full texts to retrieve relevant literature published between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2020. Of the 577 studies identified in our search, 12 were included in further analysis. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and hemolysin E (HlyE) were the most frequently studied antigens. The specimens examined in these studies included serum and saliva. Using blood culture as the gold standard, anti-LPS IgA gave the highest sensitivity of 96% (95% CI: 93–99) and specificity of 96% (95% CI: 93–99) for distinguishing between typhoid cases and healthy controls, whereas the combination of anti-LPS and anti-flagellin total IgGAM gave the highest sensitivity of 93% (95% CI: 86–99) and specificity of 95% (95% CI: 89–100) for distinguishing typhoid cases and other febrile infections. A comparably high sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 86–98) and specificity of 89% (95% CI: 78–100) were shown in testing based on detection of the combination of anti-LPS (IgA and IgM) and anti-HlyE IgG as well as a slightly lower sensitivity of 91% (95% CI: 74–100) in the case of anti-50kDa IgA. Anti-50kDa IgM had the lowest sensitivity of 36% (95% CI: 6–65) against both healthy and febrile controls. The development of a rapid diagnostic test targeting antibodies against lipopolysaccharides combined with flagellin appeared to be a suitable approach for the rapid detection test of typhoid fever. Saliva is added benefit for rapid typhoid diagnosis since it is less invasive. As a result, further studies could be done to develop additional approaches for adopting such samples.

scholarly journals Professional English Communication for Engineers in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Santosh Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Modern Context

This article is focused on the nature, needs and problems of the professional communications of the engineers in Nepal. It includes a number of significant aspects of the engineering professional communication with the use of English language. The study is an outcome of a survey of several aspects of the engineering profession, study of several relevant literature and the contact to a number of experts associated with the field of professional communication. The researchers in the field of professional communication require being more and more specific according to the changing specific needs of the professionals in the modern context today. It is necessary to pinpoint the nature of engineering professional skills, in order to save the time and other resources, if they are not properly utilized to achieve the set goals. The researchers in the past along with the students over here, are aware of the necessity of making more and more researches in the field of professional communication of the engineers in order to minimize the communicative problems of the engineers on one hand and to show a proper and adequate specific path in the areas of teaching and learning the specific skills of communication on the other. The sole purpose of the present research article is to indicate a number of measures to be applied to better the communicative situations of the engineers both during their study and at work. Hence a number of tentative suggestions and recommendations have been drawn following the conclusion of the article.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol. 3, No. 2, 2016, page: 14-21

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