scholarly journals The effectiveness of acetic acid wash protocol and the interpretation patterns of blood contaminated cervical cytology ThinPrep® specimens

CytoJournal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora K. Frisch ◽  
Yasin Ahmed ◽  
Seema Sethi ◽  
Daniel Neill ◽  
Tatyana Kalinicheva ◽  
...  

Background: ThinPrep® (TP) cervical cytology, as a liquid-based method, has many benefits but also a relatively high unsatisfactory rate due to debris/lubricant contamination and the presence of blood. These contaminants clog the TP filter and prevent the deposition of adequate diagnostic cells on the slide. An acetic acid wash (AAW) protocol is often used to lyse red blood cells, before preparing the TP slides. Design: From 23,291 TP cervical cytology specimens over a 4-month period, 2739 underwent AAW protocol due to initial unsatisfactory smear (UNS) with scant cellularity due to blood or being grossly bloody. Randomly selected 2739 cervical cytology specimens which did not undergo AAW from the same time period formed the control (non-AAW) group. Cytopathologic interpretations of AAW and non-AAW groups were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: About 94.2% of the 2739 cases which underwent AAW were subsequently satisfactory for evaluation with interpretations of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 4.9% (135), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) 3.7% (102), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) 1% (28). From the 2739 control cases, 96.3% were satisfactory with ASCUS 5.5% (151), LSIL 5.1% (139), and HSIL 0.7% (19). The prevalence of ASCUS interpretations was similar (P = 0.33). Although there were 32% more HSIL interpretations in the AAW group (28 in AAW vs. 19 in non-AAW), the difference was statistically insignificant (P = 0.18). AAW category; however, had significantly fewer LSIL interpretations (P = 0.02). The percentage of UNS cases remained higher in the AAW group with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Conclusions: While AAW had a significantly higher percent of UNS interpretations, the protocol was effective in rescuing 94.2% of specimens which otherwise may have been reported unsatisfactory. This improved patient care by avoiding a repeat test. The prevalence of ASCUS and HSIL interpretations between AAW and non-AAW groups were comparable. Though not statistically significant, HSIL interpretations were relatively higher in the AAW group. LSIL interpretations showed lower prevalence in AAW group.

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joice Gaspar ◽  
Silvana Maria Quintana ◽  
Renata Karina Reis ◽  
Elucir Gir

OBJECTIVE: to identify the association between HIV-seropositive or HIV-seronegative status and the sociodemographic and clinical variables of women with genital HPV infection.METHOD: cross-sectional, retrospective study in a reference service in Ribeirão Preto. A total of 824 women undergoing HIV testing who had high or low grade cervical intraepithelial lesions or condylomatous genital lesions caused by HPV were studied. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis with the calculation of the odds ratio and a confidence interval of 95% were conducted to verify the association.RESULTS: a higher probability of seropositivity was identified for non-white women; with low education; widowed; who consumed alcohol, tobacco or illicit drugs; with hepatitis C; who had multiple partners; and that worked as prostitutes.CONCLUSION: the increasing impairment of women due to sexually transmitted infections, considering the influence of the socioeconomic and behavioral context on the course of these infections, highlights the importance of public policies that establish intervention strategies involving the prevention, early diagnosis and timely treatment of these diseases, so that there is the promotion of quality of life in this population.


Scanning ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sung Eun Yang ◽  
Tae Yeon Lee ◽  
Kyung Jae Kim

This retrospective study of roots with C-shaped canals investigated their prevalence, configuration type, and lingual wall thickness, as well as the panoramic radiographic features of roots in permanent mandibular second molars confirmed to have C-shaped canals on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a Korean population. In total, 1884 CBCT images of mandibular second molars were examined by two endodontists to analyze the presence of C-shaped canals according to age and sex. The bilateral occurrence of C-shaped roots and their morphology on panoramic radiography were assessed and statistically analyzed using the chi-square test. The classification of Fan et al. was applied to categorize the configurations of C-shaped canals. The lingual wall thickness was calculated in the mesial, middle, and distal areas at the orifice and at 5 mm from the apex. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze the mean difference of lingual wall thickness between the apex and orifice level. A P value of 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance in the statistical analyses. Of 2508 mandibular second molars, 924 (36.8%) had C-shaped root canals. The prevalence was significantly lower in the over 61 age group (24.08%) than in the 21–30-year age group (40.02%) and was higher in women (42.32%). Most cases were bilateral (85.9%). The C1 type was the most common (35.3%). The prevalence of C1 type canals decreased, while that of C3b type canals increased with age. In 75.2% of teeth having C-shaped root canals on CBCT, fused roots were observed on panoramic views. The difference in the lingual wall thickness at the orifice and 5 mm from the apex was significant in the middle area in all configurations of C-shaped root canals. When performing nonsurgical or surgical endodontic procedures of the mandibular second molars, clinicians should consider age, sex, ethnicity, and anatomical variations.


2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 1107-1113
Author(s):  
Gen Li ◽  
Wen Xia Wang ◽  
Fu Ju Liu

Situation of two wheelers is severe in China, and in order to find out direction to decrease injury, this paper researched correlation between accident factors and casualties. The correlation analysis were made between Human, Time and Scene factors and injury conditions by Chi-square test based on in-depth traffic accident investigation data among motorcycle, two-wheel electric bicycle and bicycle accident. The results show that there are seven factors indicated statistical significance at low grade correlation with casualties among motorcycle and two-wheel electric bicycle. Bicycle have three factors show the middle grade correlation, and Age is the strongest correlation factor with V value 0.39.


CytoJournal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Okonda ◽  
Colleen Wright ◽  
Pam Michelow

Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cancer in women in Swaziland where most women never undergo cervical screening. The extremely high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Swaziland complicates the management of preinvasive and invasive cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the current status of cervical cytology in Swaziland, its strengths and limitations. Methods: The study is a retrospective review of 12,188 conventional cervical smears received by the Central Public Health Laboratory in Swaziland from June 2004 to May 2006. Results: Review of results showed very high rates of cytologic abnormalities with 43.2% of smears screened reported as abnormal. The percentages of abnormalities were as follows: atypical squamous cells of undermined significance (ASC-US), 19.8%; atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude HSILs (ASC-H), 8.8%; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 9.0%; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 4.6%; squamous cell carcinomas, 0.5%; atypical endocervical cells, 0.6%; and atypical endometrial cells, 0.4%. Just over 5% of smears were inadequate. The highest rates of HSILs and invasive squamous carcinoma occurred in women aged 50–59 years. Conclusions: This study underscores the need to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions in Swaziland women. Based on studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in other Southern African countries, current HPV vaccines would reduce the incidence and mortality from cervical cancer in the future, but cervical screening would still be required, both for women already infected with the HPV and for HPV subtypes not covered by current vaccines. The most cost-effective combination of screening modalities such as visual inspection, HPV DNA testing, and cytology should be investigated. Cervical cancer reduction needs to be managed within the greater framework of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Vera Nirmala ◽  
Desmiwarti Desmiwarti ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar

LSIL is a low grade cervical cancer prelesion, which through prompt diagnosis and therapy, could reduce cervical cancer incidence to 90% and reducing mortality rate for 70-80%. Colposcopy will speed up diagnosis of cervical precancer lesions thus gaining prompt management, and beneficial for patients from afar. Combination of Pap’s smear, colposcopy and biopsy is a good diagnostic package to perform in medical practice. This study was conducted using statistics diagnostic test with cross-sectional design. This research was carried out among women diagnosed with LSIL (Pap’s smear) which then colposcopy was performed in Gynaecology Clinic in Dr.M.Djamil Hospital Padang, during July to December 2014. The study was performed to determine the definitive diagnosis of LSIL (Pap’s smear). Total number of women included in this study were 70, which were divided into 2 groups: 35 women in VIA positive group and 35 in VIA negative group and statistical anal- ysis was performed using unpaired t test and chi square in SPSS 18.0 for windows. From statistical analysis using chi-square test, obtained a statistical significance between VIA test and colposcopy, it can be seen from the p-value 0.002 (p <0.05). There is a statistical significance between VIA test and colposcopy.Keywords: VIA, colposcopy, LSIL, biopsy


2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Methasinee Pothisuwan ◽  
Kamol Pataradool ◽  
Siriwan Tangjitgamol ◽  
Sunamchok Srijaipracharoen ◽  
Sumonmal Manusirivithaya ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-776
Author(s):  
Fred Fangyuan Zhang ◽  
Helen Whitler Banks ◽  
Shanna Maria Langford ◽  
Diane Davis Davey

Abstract Context.—The ThinPrep Imaging System (Imager) for cervical cytology is used in many US laboratories, but the ability of the system to identify classic changes of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) has not been independently reported. Objective.—To evaluate the accuracy of this system in detecting classic LSIL cells. Design.—A total of 114 imaged ThinPrep LSIL cases from April to June 2005 were reviewed to determine whether the most diagnostically relevant cells were present in the 22 fields selected by Imager. Those LSIL specimens from January to June 2005 that were initially screened by the Imager and classified as “negative” in the 22 fields were also reviewed. The average number of classic koilocytes per slide was compared among cases that had koilocytes within 22 fields with cases upgraded during full review. Results.—Twelve (10.5%) of 114 LSIL cases from April to June 2005 did not show diagnostic LSIL cells within the initial 22 fields. Full manual rescreening was performed on 1025 cases from January to June (20.4% of negative cases). Nine cases that were initially negative in the 22 fields were revised to LSIL (2.4% of all 381 LSIL cases reported from January to June 2005). An average of 10 to 11 koilocytes were present in these 2 groups, which was significantly lower than the average of 75 koilocytes in cases in which the 22 Imager-selected fields showed LSIL. Conclusions.—Although the ThinPrep Imager finds abnormal cells in most LSIL cases, the system may have limitations in detecting koilocytes in the 22 Imager-selected fields. When 10% quality control rescreening is performed as required by federal regulations, full manual rescreening will provide the most accurate results.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Jay ◽  
J. Michael Berry ◽  
Christine Miaskowski ◽  
Misha Cohen ◽  
Elizabeth Holly ◽  
...  

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