scholarly journals Performance of Different Biomaterials as Carbon Sources on the Immunological Response and Oxidative Status of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus in Biofloc Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omoniyi Michael Popoola ◽  
Oyelade Ayomide Miracle
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Enzymes Activity ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

A trial was performed to investigate how carbon sources can affect the welfare status of African catfish (3.8±0.2g and 8±0.11 cm) juveniles in biofloc systems. Inocula was prepared in glass tanks (5L) by adding 20g of pond bottom soil in well aerated water (1L) containing 10mg L-1 ammonium sulphate (NH)4SO4 and 400mg L-1 of four different carbon sources (tapioca, wheat offal, brewery and cassava peel) for 24 hours. Each treatment group (carbon sources and control) were replicated and each tank contained 1000 Clarias gariepinus juvenile, fed with commercial feed (Crude protein 42%) at 5% of their body weight 72 days. The water quality showed that all water parameters remained at concentrations suitable for Clarias gariepinus culture in the studied systems. The enzymes activities were noticed to be different across the biofloc and the selected organs. There were significant differences in serological content in fish between the treatment’s groups (P<0.05). The significant difference was found between the treatments in case of enzymes activity (P<0.05). The study shows that the welfare status with reference to digestive enzymes activity, oxidative status and extent of the immune system stimulation in BFT system is carbon source dependent.

scholarly journals Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus fed varying dietary phosphorus levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Ezike Christopher Onyemaechi ◽  
Chukwuka Doris Queen ◽  
Echor Felix Okaliwe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

One hundred and twenty (120) juveniles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus were obtained in May 2015 from a reputable Fish Farm in Enugu to the University Research Farm (latitude 074o North and 082o South, longitude 068o East and 076o West with annual mean temperature of 30oC). The fish were fed for 49 days from June – July 2015 with diets containing 4 different inclusion levels of phosphorus T1 [0.6% P], T2 [0.8% P], T3 [1.00% P], T4 [1.2% P] and T5 [0% P] which served as control diet, to determine optimum P requirement for fish growth at probability level of P < 0.05 between various treatments and control. Each diet was formulated to contain 40% crude protein composed of yellow maize, soybean cake, palm kernel cake and fish meal. Fish fed with graded levels of phosphorus were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than control in FW and MDWG. There was however no significant difference (P > 0.05) in FCR and PER between T1, T2, T4 and control but T3 was significantly (P < 0.05) better in FCR (0.33) than control (0.39). Similarly, T3 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in PER than control. Fish in T3 had the best growth performance indicative that 1% P is the optimum requirement for the growth of C. gariepinus.Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 215-220, December 2017

Proximate composition of male and female African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (Tilapia zilli) in Jega river, Kebbi state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
W. M. Namaga ◽  
B. Yahaya ◽  
M. A. Salam
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Juvenile Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish is highly nutritious, tasty, and easily digestible. It is much sought after by a broad cross-section of the world’s population, particularly in developing countries as it provides the cheapest protein source. Nigeria is blessed with numerous inland freshwater rivers and lakes scattered all over the country. This freshwater habitat consists of many species of fish that have successfully dominated all niches over time and have for many reasons remained unstudied. The situation concealed a lot of scientific information particularly on food security and safety to the inmates and the country at large. Jega River which transcended many States in the North-Western part of Nigeria to open into the river Niger is one of such rivers largely uncared for, study-wise. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) have been wisely selected for the present proximate composition studies. The juveniles of these fishes were purchased from local fishermen in Mariner Waje landing site of the river which flows by Jega town, a local government area in Kebbi State, Nigeria. For the study, the methodology approved by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) was used to determine the proximate composition of the fishes. The highest percentage crude protein content of 49.18 ± 0.30% was observed in juvenile female C. gariepinus; while the lowest protein content of 39.22± 0.50% was observed in juvenile male T. zilli. The highest percentage lipid content of 11.75± 1.50% was observed in juvenile female tilapia; while the lowest percentage lipid content of 6.25± 0.29% was observed in male African catfish. The highest percentage fibre content of 4.00 ± 0.29% was observed in male and female C. gariepinus, while the lowest percentage fibre content of 0.75± 0.29% was observed in male tilapia. There were variations (p< 0.05) when the protein and lipid contents of both the species were compared with each other. There was also a significant difference (p< 0.05) when the carbohydrate contents were compared between the fish species, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) when the fibre content was compared within the species. The analyses showed that both the male and female fish species studied had high protein contents.

scholarly journals Reproductive Performances and Egg Qualities in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Broodstocks Supplemented with Curcumin and Thyroxine Hormone

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Livana Dethris Rawung ◽  
Damiana Rita Ekastuti ◽  
Muhammad Zairin Junior ◽  
Min Rahminiwati ◽  
Ade Sunarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was designed to study the effects of curcumin and thyroxine hormone supplementation in the diet to improve the reproductive performance of catfish broodstock by improving egg quality that eventually increases the production of seedlings. Catfish used in this experiment were supplemented with curcumin and thyroxine hormone through their feeds for 12 weeks. The results showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), percentage of gonad maturity, total cholesterol concentration in the spawned eggs, high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration in the spawned eggs, fertilization rate of spawned eggs, and hatching rate of fertilized eggs.  However, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration of vitellogenin in the spawned eggs, egg diameter of the spawned eggs, and the triglycerides contents of spawned eggs. It was concluded that curcumin and thyroxine supplementations of African catfish increased vitellogenin concentrations and diameters of spawned eggs that have great potential to improve the reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Growth rate of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and plankton diversity in ponds under organic and inorganic fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 17545-17559
Author(s):  
PA Otieno ◽  
◽  
DO Owiti ◽  
PO Onyango ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Plankton Diversity ◽  
And Control

Aquaculture offers the opportunity for safeguarding local and global food security in the face of declining capture fisheries. However, the form of aquaculture that is commonly practiced in Kenya is characterized by the use of agrochemicals such as fertilizers that negatively impact biodiversity especially when effluents from fish ponds drain into water bodies. This study aimed to determine differences in the growth rate of Clarias gariepinus, an important aquaculture fish in Kenya, to assess plankton diversity, and to identify phytoplankton species associated with pollution under organic and inorganic fertilization regimens using chicken manure, Diammonium phosphate, and urea, respectively. Average growth rate calculated per day was higher in the organically-fertilized ponds at 0.06 cm/day, followed by inorganically-fertilized ponds at 0.05cm/day and then, the control at 0.04 cm/day. Average weight gain was higher in organically-fertilized ponds at 0.08 g/day followed by ponds fertilized with inorganic fertilizer at 0.07 g/day and the control, at 0.06g/day. There were significant differences in growth rate across fertilization regimens (length: F2, 264= 24.06, p = 0.0399; weight: F2, 264 = 20.89, p = 0. 0457). Specifically, although differences in growth rate of fish in organically and inorganically fertilized ponds were not significant, fish in fertilized ponds were on average, longer and weighed more than those in the control pond. Jaccard’s similarity index for phytoplankton was highest (0.38) between organically-fertilized ponds and control but lowest (0.25) between inorganically-fertilized ponds and control. Use of chicken manure produced the highest diversity of zooplankton (Shannon-Weiner’s H in organically-fertilized pond = 1.886; inorganic = 1.044, and control = 0.935). The use of DAP and urea produced the highest proportion of phytoplankton species associated with pollution. These results do not support the commonly reported notion that ponds fertilized using inorganic fertilizers are more productive. Findings suggest that the use of inorganic fertilizers may threaten biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems through the production of toxic algae.

scholarly journals Comparative study on African catfish (Burchell, 1822) hypophysation using ovaprim and chicken pituitary gland extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
O. A. Babalola ◽  
◽  
F. A. Fakunmoju ◽  
T. F. Sunnuvu ◽  
B. E. Faleti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Significant Difference

Comparative study on African catfish hypophysation indices using ovaprim and chicken pituitary gland extract (CPGE) was carried out. Sixteen (16) African catfish brood stocks between 1100 and 2300 g in ratio 2:1 and four (4) numbers of layer birds (Gallus gallus domesticus) between 1200 and 2200 g in ratio 1:3 were used respectively. The experiment was batched into “A” and “B”. Batch ‘A’ was placed on ovaprim while batch ‘B’ was placed on CPGE. An indoor hatchery vat, measuring 0.6096 m x 1.8288 m x 0.3048 m each was used for the incubation. Digital measuring kits were used to monitor water quality parameters and measurement of the brood stocks weights independently. Brood stocks on ovaprim and CPGE treatments had the following mean hypophysation indices in these order: fecundity (11100±7690 and 17760±13863), latency period (9.53±0.54 and 9.77±0.49), fertilization percentage (94.03±5.90% and 90.6±10.11%), hatchability percentage (75.6±0.81% and79.35±10.27%), number of eggs produced (5889±657.37 and 9403.33±589.80), total number of larvae hatched (4717.33±1111.0 and 7111.33±506.64), SGR (0.67±0.31 and 1.1±0.31), and survival rate (64.81±0.71 and66.24±2.19) respectively. There was no significant difference (p = 0.05) in the mean values of fecundity, latency period, fertilization and hatchability percentages in both treatments but there was significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in number of eggs produced and total number of larvae hatched in both treatments. The water quality parameters were within the range for induced breeding techniques and there was no significant difference (p= 0.05) in both experiments. Both ovaprim and CPGE had excellent results from the induced breeding of Clarias gariepinus and yielded good results. Therefore, CPGE could be recommended from the view point of excellent results and its availability from chicken slaughter houses as against ovaprim which are imported.

scholarly journals Effect of environmental regulated water temperature variations on survival, growth performance and haematology of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Johnny O. Ogunji ◽  
Jude Awoke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

A 56 day study was carried out to evaluate effect of temperature changes on survival, growth performance and haematology of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed housefly maggot meal (magmeal) diet. Ninety (90) Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, (initial mean weight 4.33±0.03g) were subjected to different environmental regulated temperature conditions in three locations (laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse). The observed average temperature was 26.53±0.01°C, 26.06±0.01°C and 31.52±0.00°C for laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse, respectively. Ten fingerlings stocked per experimental tank were fed in triplicates at 5% body weight in two portions per day. It was observed that different water temperatures affected fish growth. All experimental fish in the greenhouse died after 8 days of exposure. This happened around 14.00 hrs when water temperature reached 40°C. There was no significant difference (P<0.5) in final weight, weight gain, food conversion ratio and standard growth rate among the fish reared in the laboratory (26.53°C) and outside tanks (26.06°C), respectively. The initial carcass crude protein (Cp) value was 58.97%. At the end of the experiment fish reared in the laboratory had a crude protein value of 63.97±0.06% Cp and those reared outdoor (26.06°C) had 71.28±0.00% Cp. No significant difference in values of packed cell volume; white blood cell; haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was found between fish reared in laboratory (26.53°C) and outside (26.06°C). However, the red blood cell (RBC); mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume showed significant difference (P>0.05). The result confirms that Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared at a mean temperature of 26°C (within the recorded optimal temperature range for good growth) performed well. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings are not able to survive when water temperature reaches to 40oC.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian mikrokapsul probiotik Bacillus cereus P22 dan Staphylococcus lentus L1k pada pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi ikan lele, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Lilik Setiyaningsih ◽  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti3 ◽  
Munti Yuhana
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference

The aimed of this research was to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotic microcapsules B.cereus P22 and S. lentus (L1k) at different dose and frequency on growth performance, immune response and resistance of African catfish infected with A. Hydrophila. Probiotics used in this study were B. cereus P22 and S. lentus L1k encapsulated by spray draying method. The research was carried out for 56 days with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments were K- (negative control), K+ (positive control), A (feed supplemented with 0,5% of microencapsulated probiotic, fedevery day), B (feed supplemented with 0,5% of microencapsulated probiotic, fed once every three days), C (feed supplemented with 1% of microencapsulated probiotic, fed every day), D (feed supplemented with 1% of microencap-sulated probiotic with an administration once every three days), E (feed with 2% of microencapsulated probiotic with an administration every day) and F (feed with 2% of microencapsulated probiotic with an administration once every three days). On day 42, all of the fish except K- were challenged by intramuscular injection of A. hydrophila (108 CFU ml-1). In 40 days after infection, there were no significant difference on survival rate (SR) between treatments (p> 0.05). Treatment E displayed the higher growth rate (4,54±0,02%), total probiotic B. cereus (P22) and S . lentus (L1k) (4.06± 0.09 log CFU g-1; 4.02±0.08 log CFU g-1) than other treatments; whereas treatment D showed the best feed conversion rasio(1.191±0.013), and treatment F offered the highest total bacterial count (7.11±0.53 log CFU g-1). An administration of 2% microencapsulated probiotic in every day frequency demonstrated the better growth performance, immune res-ponse and resistance of African catfish to A. hydrophila compare with other treatments. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dosis dan frekuensi pemberian mikrokapsul probiotik melalui pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi ikan lele yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini meng-gunakan Bacillus cereus P22 dan Staphylococcus lentus L1k yang telah dienkapsulasi melalui metode spray draying. Penelitian ini dilaksankan selama 56 hari dengan delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan, terdiri atas perlakuan K- (kon-trol negatif), K+ (kontrol positif), A (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 0,5% frekuensi setiap hari), B (pakan+mikro-kapsul probiotik dosis 0,5% frekuensi tiga hari sekali), C (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 1% frekuensi setiap hari), D (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 1% frekuensi tiga hari sekali), E (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 2% fre-kuensi setiap hari) dan F (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 2% frekuensi tiga hari sekali). Ikan diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila pada hari ke 42 dengan kepadatan 108 CFU ml-1 secara intramuscular (kecuali K- diinjeksi dengan phos-phate buffer saline). Setelah 40 hari pascainjeksi, laju sintasan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antarperlakuan (p>0,05).Perlakuan E menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan (4,54±0,02%) dan total probiotik B. cereus (P22) dan S. lentus (L1k) (4,06±0,09 log CFU g-1; 4,02±0,08 log CFU g-1) tertinggi; sementara perlakuan D memberikan hasil nisbah konversi pakan terbaik (1,191±0,013), perlakuan F menunjukkan total bacterial count tertinggi (7,11±0,53 log CFU g-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis 2% yang diberikan setiap hari memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi ikan lele terhadap A. hydrophila. 

scholarly journals Trial of Using Blood from Slaughtered Chicken to Replace Fishmeal in the Feed of African Catfish Clarias Gariepinus

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Farokh Niass ◽  
Niass Gaye
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cost

<p><em>The aim of the work was to reduce the cost of the food produced and to value blood from poultry. It consisted of collecting the poultry blood, turning it into flour and incorporating it into the feed intended to feed Clarias gariepinus fry. Next, an attempt was made to determine the effect of the poultry blood incorporated in the locally produced feed on the growth of Clarias gariepinus fry. To do this we substitute completely the fishmeal that was used, which is expensive with the blood</em><em> </em><em>meal that is found to be free. Thus, three lots of 100 Clarias gariepinus fry of 2.01g mean weight were placed in three fiberglass tubs. In each tub we have distributed a specific feed. For each type of food a quantity of 2.5kg was used. A daily ration of 5% of fry biomass was used throughout the study. They were fed 9 times a day. It is noted that the industrial food is better but there is no significant difference between locally made foods that based on fishmeal and that with poultry blood</em><em> </em><em>meal. So it is possible to replace fishmeal with poultry blood</em><em> </em><em>meal in locally made feeds.</em></p>

scholarly journals 14. PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN LARVA DALAM HORMON METIL TESTOSTERON ALAMI TERHADAP PENJANTANAN IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) The Effect of Soaking Time of African Catfish Larvae (Clarias gariepinus) in Natural Methyl Testosterone Hormone on Masculinization

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosmaidar R
Keyword(s):  
Immersion Time ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Banda Aceh

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of immersion time on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) larvae in natural methyl testosterone hormone on masculinization. This study was conducted in Center of Fish Culture Lamnyong, Banda Aceh. Experimental animals used in this study were 270 African catfish larvae aged 10 days. The study was designed using completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. African catfish larvae aged 10 days in group P1, P2, and P3 were immersed in natural methyl testosterone hormone for 10 hours, 20 hours, and 30 hours, respectively. Observations were carried out until fish reach 50 days old. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) followed by least significant difference test (LSD). Percentage of male catfish observed in P1, P2, and P3 were 64.24 %, 93.11%, dan 59.94% respectively. As a conclusion, immersion with natural methyl testosterone hormone can change the sex of catfish to be male. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Key words: african catfish, methyl testosterone natural, masculinization

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