Pediatric Leprosy Profile in the Postelimination Era: A Study from Surabaya, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cita Prakoeswa ◽  
Novianti Reza ◽  
Medhi Alinda ◽  
M. Listiawan ◽  
Hok Bing Thio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Frequent Exposure

Children who live in leprosy-endemic areas are susceptible to infection due to early and frequent exposure to Mycobacterium leprae. Indonesia is on the verge of eliminating this disease (prevalence rate < 1/10,000 population), but pediatric leprosy continues to occur in low-endemic areas. This study aimed to evaluate pediatric leprosy over a decade in a tertiary hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. A retrospective study of leprosy in children under 15 years old between 2010 and 2019 was conducted in the Morbus Hansen Division, Outpatient Clinic at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Seventy pediatric leprosy cases were identified between 2010 and 2019, consisting of 58 multibacillary (MB)-type cases and 12 paucibacillary (PB)-type cases. Slit skin smear (SSS) was positive in 26 cases. There were two cases of grade-2 disability and 15 cases of leprosy reaction (erythema nodosum leprosum) in children at the time of diagnosis. There was an insignificant decline in the number of pediatric leprosy cases in the last 10 years. Cases and disabilities in children were found in some leprosy pocket areas even though the national elimination rate has been achieved. MB infections, disability, and treatment defaults were common problems in pediatric leprosy.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Multibacillary Leprosy Presenting with Multiple Outbreaks of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
R. Bouceiro-Mendes ◽  
A. Ortins-Pina ◽  
T. Marques ◽  
M. Viveiros ◽  
D. Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy ◽  
Skin Phototype

Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease with a long incubation period caused by Mycobacterium leprae that mainly affects the skin, mucous membranes and the peripheral nervous system. It carries the risk of per-manent sequels with a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life. It has a considerable clinically diver-sity and possible atypical presentations. We present a case of a 31-year-old, skin phototype V woman with multibacillary leprosy characterized by multiple outbreaks of erythema nodosum leprosum, as an inaugural manifestation of the disease. The disease was acquired within a group of children and adolescents from an endemic region of Africa, evolved untreated for 3 years, and presented with unusual features and remarkable lymphatic involvement. We highlight the importance of building and maintaining collaboration between expert centers and institutional partnerships in order to provide the adequate diagnostic resources and appropriate care to the affected populations.

scholarly journals A retrospective study of the severe and uncommon variants of erythema nodosum leprosum at a tertiary health center in central India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritica Debnath ◽  
VaishaliH Wankhade ◽  
RajeshPratap Singh ◽  
Gitesh Sawatkar ◽  
DharitriMukund Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Central India ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum

scholarly journals A Retrospective Study: Epidemiology, Onset, and Duration of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum in Surabaya, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Cindy Fransisca ◽  
Iskandar Zulkarnain ◽  
Evy Ervianti ◽  
Damayanti Damayanti ◽  
Maylita Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
First Year ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽  
Regular Control ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Background: Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) has a chronic and recurrent nature which could reduce patient’s quality of life in addition to the onset of ENL that occurs before, during, or after multidrug treatment, further emphasizing the importance of regular control and education.Purpose:This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, onset, duration, and recurrence of ENL. Methods:Data from medical records were obtained for a 3-year retrospective study of multibacillary leprosy patients at the Leprosy Division of the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Department, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, with a minimum of 2–5 years follow-up period.Result:The prevalence of  ENL continued to increase almost every year especially in 2017 (32% in 2015; 32% in 2016; and 36% in 2017). ENL most often occurs during the first year of multi-drug therapy (MDT) administration followed by after the release from treatment (RFT) with the latest onset occurring 4 years after RFT. The majority of patients experienced chronic and recurrent reactions with the longest reactions lasting up to 4.5 years (55 months). Conclusion:Knowledge about the onset, duration, and recurrences of ENL are essential, and strict supervision for routine control shall be encouraged to increase the patients’ compliance so as to increase their quality of life.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of the morbidity associated with Erythema Nodosum Leprosum in Brazilian leprosy patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Diana Neves ◽  
Anna Maria Sales ◽  
José Augusto Da Costa Nery ◽  
Ximena Illarramendi ◽  
Rogério Valls De Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽  
Leprosy Patients

scholarly journals The miR-125a-3p is Associated With Leprosy Phenotypes and Correlated With Bacillary Index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja de Lima Santana ◽  
Tainã Souza do Lago ◽  
Thaillamar Silva Vieira ◽  
Thyago Leal-Calvo ◽  
Paulo Roberto Lima Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Clinical Forms ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum

Abstract Background. Mycobacterium leprae infects skin and peripheral nerves causing a broad of clinical forms. Data have shown that the miR-125a-3p can influence immune mechanisms such as autophagy as well as to target genes leading to abnormal proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of cells. Methods. Here we used quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) to evaluate the miR-125a-3p expression pattern as a marker for leprosy phenotypes in biopsies obtained from patients with and without reactions. Data were analysed according to clinical forms and bacillary index (BI). Results. Our results show a significant increase in the miR-125a-3p expression in paucibacillary (PB) vs multibacillary (MB) (p = 0.007) and vs RR (reversal reactions) (p = 0.005), respectively; and also a higher expression in patients with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) vs MB without reactions (p = 0.002). In addition, there was a positive correlation between the miR-125a-3p expression and BI in patients with reactions (r=0,81; p=0,002). Conclusions. All together we underpin a role for miR-125-3p in leprosy pathogenesis, raising the hypothesis that this miR might have a distinct role in PB and ENL forms, influencing mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy according to the local context. A functional study should help to validate the miR-125a-3p as a potential therapeutic target for leprosy treatment.

scholarly journals Profil Penderita Morbus Hansen (MH) di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Januari – Desember 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andiswati Desrina ◽  
Grace M. Kapantow ◽  
Renate T. Kandou
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ◽  
Reversal Reaction

Abstract: Morbus Hansen (MH) is still a public, social, and rehabilitation problems due to the physical disability resulted from delayed or inadequate treatment. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of MH patients at the Dermatovenerology clinic, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in the period of January to December 2013. This was a descriptive and retrospective study. The results showed that there were 98 MH patients consisting of 69 males (70.4%) and 29 females (29,6%). The majority of patients were 25-44 years old (47.0%) with multibacillary type (93.9%). Most patients did not show lepra reaction (67.3%); erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reaction was found in 29.6% of patients, and reversal reaction in 3.1% of patients. As many of 29.6% had been treated with multidrug therapy (MDT), and 10.2% did not, meanwhile, 60,2% of patients did not have any data of treatment. In conclusion, the majority of MH patients at the Dermatovenerology clinic, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in the period of January to December 2013 were males, aged 25-44 years, had multibacillary type with ENL reaction, and had been treated with MDT.Keywords: Morbus Hansen profile Abstrak: Morbus Hansen (MH) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan, sosial, dan rehabilitasi oleh karena kecacatan fisik yang terjadi akibat pengobatan yang terlambat atau tidak memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penderita MH di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. R. D Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2013. Jenis penelitian ialah deskrip-tif retrospektif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 98 penderita MH (6,72%) dari total 1457 pasien, terdiri dari 69 laki-laki (70,4%) dan 29 perempuan (29,6%). Mayoritas penderita berada pada rentang usia 25-44 tahun (47,0%) dengan tipe MH multibasiler (93,9%). Pada sebagian besar pen-derita tidak didapatkan reaksi lepra (67,3%); reaksi erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) didapatkan pada 29,6% penderita dan reaksi reversal pada 3,1% penderita. Mengenai riwayat pengobatan, sebesar 29,6% telah mendapat pengobatan multidrug therapy (MDT) sebelumnya dan 10,2% belum pernah mendapatkan pengobatan MDT, namun sebesar 60,2% penderita tidak memiliki data pengobatan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mayoritas penderita MH di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. R. D Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2013 berjenis kelamin laki-laki, usia 25-44 tahun, tipe MH multibasiler, dengan reaksi ENL, dan pernah mendapat pengobatan MDT.Kata kunci: profil Morbus Hansen

scholarly journals Erythema nodosum leprosum in Nepal: a retrospective study of clinical features and response to treatment with prednisolone or thalidomide

2008 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Feuth ◽  
J. Wim Brandsma ◽  
W. R. Faber ◽  
B. Bhattarai ◽  
T. Feuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum
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