scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of Ocimum Gratissimum (Scent Leaf) leaves improves haematological parameters in restrain-stressed rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611
Author(s):  
K.K. Anachuna ◽  
E.G. Moke ◽  
J.C. Oyem ◽  
A.I. Omogbiya ◽  
T.M.E. Daubry ◽  
...  

Stress alters system physiology as well as humoral immunity and hematology, and its problems have become a global issue. The present study was designed to investigate effects of the use of traditional herbs such as Ocimum gratissimum (OG) on hematological parameters in stressed rats. We subjected adult female Wistar rats to prolonged restrained stress for 14 days and administered 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg of OG leaf extract and Vitamin C respectively for 14 days. Animals (200-250 g) were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at day 0, day 7 and Day 14 so as to assess the dose and time dependent effect of the extract. Findings revealed that OG leaf extract caused a dose-dependent significant protective effect (P<0.05) on the packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell (WBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb), platelet count and total red blood cell (RBC) count compared to Vitamin C treated group. Our study confirms that OG leaf extract is better at improving haematological parameters of restrain stressed rats compared to Vitamin C and it was more effective in animals that were administered 100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of the extract. The result indicates that OG leaf extract could alleviate prolonged exposure to stress by lowering PCV, total WBC, total RBC, hemoglobin count and elevating blood platelets.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9044-9050

Vitamin C is an essential dietary supplement that plays a vital role in battling health conditions. The antioxidant has positive effects on the functioning of the body. The purpose of this study is to investigate the outcome of varying concentrations of Vitamin C on the hematological parameters of Swiss Albino mice. Four albino mice were separated and accommodated in similar caging conditions. Three of them were orally administered with 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, and 1000mg/kg Vitamin C powder, along with their diet. The fourth one was kept as control, in order to provide a standard value for future comparison. After 30 days of administration of the Vitamin C, the red blood cell count, the white blood cell count, the hemoglobin concentration, the platelet cell count, and the packed cell volume of the blood samples were tested.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahat Naseer ◽  
Affan Tariq ◽  
Munazza Raza Mirza ◽  
Muhammad Rashid ◽  
Syed Qasim Raza ◽  
...  

Abstract Background; Dinotefuran is a new class of neonicotinoids claimed to be harmless to mammals and humans. This claim was daunted by the documented effect of dinotefuran on honeybees and further studies were required. Aim: The study was designed to assess the capaciousness of damage caused by prolonged exposure of dinotefuran in mammals and probable strategy to neutralize its effect. Methodology: Ninety-day trial using Wistar rats (n=45) was conducted while dividing them into three groups: untreated control group, insecticide (dinotefuran) treated group, and dinotefuran treated and vitamin E supplemented group. Dinotefuran was administrated orally (LD25). Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplementation was given in water ad libitum. Blood sampling was done twice a month, and hematological and biochemical data were recorded. After expiry of trial period, the experimental rats were anesthetized and sacrificed. Organs (kidneys, liver, and heart) were isolated from each groups, weighed, and stored at approximately -20°C till further processing, analysis and histopathology were performed. Results: All the hematological parameters were affected significantly. Histopathology of tissues showed clear necrosis in all the tissues except kidneys. All the biomarkers of oxidative stress and comet assay demonstrated significant cell damage. All the parameters showed improvement after vitamin E supplementation but non-significantly. Significance: These findings were suggestive that even low dose persistent exposure can lead to mutagenicity and carcinogenicity in mammals and other non-target species hence revised policy guidelines and more intelligent use of these chemicals is required.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Saha ◽  
M. K. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
P. D. Ghosh ◽  
D. Nath

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of methanolic leaf extract ofOcimum basilicumL. against benzene-induced hematotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. GC analysis and subacute toxicity level of the extract were tested. Mice were randomly divided into three groups among which II and III were exposed to benzene vapour at a dose 300 ppm × 6 hr/day × 5 days/week for 2 weeks and group I was control. Group III of this experiment was treated with the leaf methanolic extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, a dose in nontoxic range. Hematological parameters (Hb%, RBC and WBC counts), cell cycle regulatory proteins expression and DNA fragmentation analysis of bone marrow cells was performed. There was an upregulation of p53 and p21 and downregulation of levels of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclins D1 and E in leaf extract-treated group. DNA was less fragmented in group III compared to group II (P<0.05). The present study indicates that the secondary metabolites ofO. basilicumL. methanolic leaf extract, comprising essential oil monoterpene geraniol and its oxidized form citral as major constituents, have modulatory effect in cell cycle deregulation and hematological abnormalities induced by benzene in mice.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Chidozie Nwabuisi OKOYE ◽  
David OGWU ◽  
John I. IHEDIOHA ◽  
Izuchukwu S. OCHIOGU ◽  
Anietie F. UDOUMOH ◽  
...  

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of administration of Telfairia occidentalis (Hook f.) methanol leaf extract on some hematological indices and histomorphology of the uterus and liver of female albino rats. Acute toxicity study of the extract was performed with female rats, following standard procedure. They were randomly assigned into 3 groups. The first group (A) served as the untreated control and received distilled water, while the second group (B) and third (C) received 200 and 800 mg/kg mg/kg body weight of the methanol leaf extract of T. occidentalis respectively. Administration of the extract was done daily via the oral route for 21 days. Blood was collected for hematological evaluation at weekly intervals. Hematological parameters assessed were the packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (HB) and total white blood cell (TWBC) count. At the end of the study period uterine and liver tissues were excised and prepared for histological examination. Results showed that there was a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the mean PCV, RBC and HB values of the treatment groups, but only at the end of the second week of administration of the extract. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean total WBC throughout the duration of the study. Histological examination of uterine and liver tissues of the different groups did not show any lesions. It was concluded that the T. occidentalis leaf methanolic extract does not adversely affect the reproductive functions of the uterus.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 018-022
Author(s):  
Yeigba B Japhet ◽  
Gbefa V Oyingebarakumo

A six week feeding trail was conducted to investigate the effect of honey on the performance and haematological parameters of broilers and Nigerian Local Chickens. The experiment was conducted at the Niger Delta University, Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm. Sixty (60) day old chicks which consisted of three treatments, 20 broilers, 20 normal feather and 20 naked neck genotypes were used with each of the genotype having control. Feed and water were given ad-libitum. The experimental birds for the broiler and naked neck genotypes had the highest significant values compared to the control which had significant difference (P<0.05) in their performance, while the control of the normal feather genotype had the highest significant values compared to the experimental birds but there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in their performance. The broiler birds had the highest significant values compared to normal feather and naked neck genotypes and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in their performance. The effect of honey on haematological parameters showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in White blood cell, neutrophils, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophile and basophile of broiler birds, in normal feather, white blood cell, neutrophile and lymphocyte differed significantly (P<0.05) and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in neutrophile and lymphocyte in the experimental and control for naked neck genotype. In conclusion, the study revealed that the inclusion of honey caused a positive effect on the performance of broilers and naked neck, but showed no effect or reduction in performance in normal feather genotype.


Author(s):  
Akinyemi Omolola Felicia ◽  
Olawumi Simeon Olutoye

Feed restriction is a management tool designed to reduce the amount of feed consumed by birds to produce more meat without jeopardizing their health condition. The present study was therefore, undertaken to investigate the effects of strain and feed restriction on haematological parameters of broiler chickens. The strains of broilers reared are Arbor Acre, Hubbard and Marshall. The four treatments and three replicates per treatment applied are: A- full feeding (control), B-5th week feed restricted, C- 6th week feed restricted and D- 7th week feed restricted groups. After each feed restriction regime the birds were restored to full feeding until the termination of the experiment on the 56th day. At the end of the experiment on the 56th day, two birds from each replicate were randomly selected for blood collection. Analyzed results showed that there was no significant (p>0.05) effect of strain on all the haematological parameters at 8th week except for red blood cell. With respect to red blood cell, Hubbard birds showed superiority to other two strains which recorded similar (p>0.05) mean values. All feeding trials employed had positive impact on the birds’ hematological parameters regardless of strain. Therefore, any of the feed restriction regime could be employed without compromising the health of the birds.


Author(s):  
S. M. Jodi ◽  
A. A. Farouq ◽  
A. M. Magashi ◽  
G. D. Muomora ◽  
M. K. Nata’ala ◽  
...  

Aim: Ocimum gratissimum is commonly used as food and health purposes. This study is aimed at evaluating the bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity of leaf extract of O. gratissimum against Salmonella species. Methodology: The Phytochemical screening of O. gratissimum was conducted using standard methods. Screening for antibacterial activity of the leaf extracts against Salmonella species was determined using agar well diffusion method. An in-vivo toxicity study was carried out with albino rats. Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, glycosides, alkaloid, volatile oils and steroids. A zone of inhibition of 14mm was recorded against the organisms using ethanolic extract with a concentration of 100 mg/ml and the lowest was recorded against Salmonella paratyphi with the concentration of 25 mg/ml of the ethanolic extract. Zone of inhibition of 9.00 mm and 10.0mm was recorded against S. typhi and S. paratyphi on a concentration of 100 mg/ml of the aqueous extract. A minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of the leaf was recorded. After the toxicity test, no death was recorded after 2 (two) weeks. Conclusion: The leaf extract of O. gratissimum shows promising potentials in the treatment of infectious diseases associated with Salmonlla typhi and Salmonella paratyphi, due to its antimicrobial activity and low toxicity. However, further studies are needed to non-polar solvents to isolate other bioactive compounds as well as identify the active metabolites responsible for these activities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-432
Author(s):  
Kumud Ranjan Thakur ◽  
Shree Ram Radmadeo ◽  
Annpurna Kumari

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious metabolic disorder with altered carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. In the last four decades, India has emerged as an epicenter of the global diabetes mellitus pandemic. Rapid changes in the developmental scenario, demographic changes, and living style in the Indian subcontinent have led to the explosive increase in diabetes. Present research probes with ethanolic extract of Gymnema sylvestre (500 mg/kg.b.w) for treatment of hyperglycemia and related oxidative stress caused by Alloxan (100 mg/kg.b.wt), as a diabetogenic agent. 25 rats were included in the research divided into 5 groups, each containing 5 rats. Group 1 (normal rats), Group II (Diabetic rats (DM), Group III (DM+ treated for 10 days), Group IV (DM+20 days treated), Group V (DM+30 days treated). Blood samples and pancreatic tissues were collected at each interval of time. The blood sample was used for biochemical parameter and tissues were used for the anti-oxidant assay. Gymnema sylvestre extract (GSE) showed glucose-lowering property meanwhile, insulin secretion also increased as compared to Diabetic rats. Other tests like amylase, lipase, ALT, and AST also showed significant recovery after the extract administration. Oxidative stress was found in the Diabetic group, but after extract treatment concentration of superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione, and Total thiol was regained. Imbalance in serum electrolyte recovered and dysregulated hematological parameters due to stress and hyperglycemia showed convincing results. The finding suggests Gymnema sylvestre could be used as a hypoglycemic as well as an anti-oxidant agent in diabetes.


Author(s):  
Ijeoma Ezebuiro ◽  
Chibuike Obiandu ◽  
Friday Saronee ◽  
Ikechukwu I. Weleh ◽  
Adesua C. Obiandu

Introduction: Medicinal plants have become increasingly useful as a form of alternative therapy. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is a medicinal plant applied in folklore remedies in the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on some hematological parameters of male Wistar rats. Methodology: A total of 15 male Wistar rats weighing between 100-250 g were randomly placed in groups. Group 1 served as control and received distilled water only; group 2 received 200 mg/kg and group 3 received 400 mg/kg of the hydromethanolic leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius. Extract was administered once daily using oro-gastric cannula for 30 days. Blood samples were collected by direct cardiac puncture into appropriate sample tubes for estimation of hematological parameters including red blood cell count (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count. Results: Results showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in RBC, PCV, Hb and platelet count with the higher dose of 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract compared to control group. However, the WBC count was not significantly (P>0.05) altered. Conclusion: Oral administration of the leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius increases red blood cell count, packed cell volume, hemoglobin level and platelet count at 400 mg/kg body weight.


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