Piper guineense: A potent ethnobotanical preservative against Dermestes maculatus in smoke-dried African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Omosowone Olajumoke
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Dried Fish

Piper guineense fruits were purchased, sun-dried (30±2oC) for 10 days and ground into fine powder. Fifteen (15) pieces of Clarias gariepinus (300 ± 5.0 g) were procured and smoke-dried in the laboratory using a charcoal-powered smoking kiln at 65oC for 10 hours. Each smoke-dried fish sample was placed in a plastic container with perforated lids covered with muslin cloth and Piper guineense fruit meal was sprinkled at varying quantities (0.0 g, 2.5 g, 5.0 g, 7.5 g and 10.0 g). Ten (10) adults of Dermestes maculatus bred from highly infested smoke-dried fish samples were introduced into each container and covered air-tight for seven (7) days. Mortality of D. maculatus was significantly different (p = .05) in all treatments and increased with an increase in the quantity of P. guineense and number of days. Mortality ranged between 73.33 and 100 % in treated groups while none was recorded in the control. Chemical compositions in treatments showed an increase in crude protein, lipids and lower moisture content at higher inclusion levels. This study showed that P. guineense can prolong the shelf-life of smoke-dried C. gariepinus against D. maculatus while retaining its nutritional composition. Key words: Dermestes maculatus, Piper guineense, smoke-dried, Clarias gariepinus

scholarly journals Bio-efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd) Schumachet. Thonn. (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) against Dermestes maculatus De Geer, 1774 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) larvae infestation on smoked catfish Claria gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobs Mobolade Adesina ◽  
Adeolu Rufus Jose ◽  
Yallappa Rajashekar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Leaf Powder

Studies were conducted under ambient condition to assess the efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd) Schumachet. Thonn. (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) against larvae infestation and adult emergence of Dermestes maculatus De Geer, 1774 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on smoked dried catfish Claria gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae). The leaf powder was admixed at 2.5 g, 3.0 g, 4.0 g and 5.0 g/15 g to disinfected smoke-dried catfish Clarias gariepinus separately in a 125 mL plastic container. Ten newly emerged (0-72 h) larvae of D. maculatus were introduced into each of the plastic containers. Efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum was assessed based on percentage larval mortality, adult emergence reduction and weight loss. Results showed that the plant powder cause significantly (p < 0.05) larval mortality compared to the untreated fish at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post infestation. Percentage reduction of adult emergence was not significant (p > 0.05) in treated fish samples compared to untreated sample. While fish sample protected with powder of Clerodendrum capitatum, exhibit significant (p < 0.05) low weight loss as against weight loss observed in untreated fish. The efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum is inversely proportional to increase in dosage rate. This study clearly demonstrated the larvicidal potential of Clerodendrum capitatum powder in offering effective protection against infestation and damage by D. maculatus and recommended for utilization in integrated post-harvest management strategies of smoke-dried fish.

Potential of Five Local Plant as Protectant against Hide Beetle, Dermestes maculatus Degeer Infesting Dry Cat Fish; Clarias gariepinus Burchell

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. Jatau ◽  
Q. Majeed ◽  
M. A. Yahaya ◽  
M. B. Sokoto
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Dried Fish

Efficacy of varying amounts of five selected local plant namely : Balanite aegyptiaca, Eugenia aromatica, Piper guineense, Ocimum gratisimum, and Ziziphus mauratania against the mortality, oviposition, progeny emergence and  weight loss of dried fish due to infestation by  Dermestes maculatus was studied under ambient conditions. The plant were pulverised into powders and applied as 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g per 50 g of dried fish. Three pairs of newly emerged adults by  were inoculated into each of the treated fish in a beaker, arranged in a Complete Randomized Design  in the laboratory. The result showed all the plant powders tested evoked significant mortalities of adults at the highest concentration (6) after 3 and 7 days of post-treatment when compared with untreated control. The rate of oviposition was drastically suppressed by all plant powders, especially at higher concentration.  The number of adults emerged were significantly lower than control at (p>0.05).  Similarly, all the plant's powders significantly prevented weight loss at highest concentration after 12 weeks of post-treatment periods. These results have shown that tested plants demonstrated potential ability against adults hide beetle infesting dried fish.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND LARVICIDAL EFFECT EVALUATION OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (L) LEAF EXTRACT ON DERMESTES MACULATUS (DE GEER, 1774) INFESTATION OF SMOKED CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (BURCHELL, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Sadam Sulaiman Indabo ◽  
Rufai Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Initial Source

Dermestes maculatus is a major pest of stored fish in Nigeria, fish is preserved with highly persistent synthetic chemicals. There have been an increasing effort at developing plant-based toxicants that are environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica for phytochemical constituents. The efficacy of the methanolic leaf extract of the plant against D. maculatus was also evaluated. The leaves of A. indica were obtained, processed and taken to laboratory for methanolic extraction. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, triterpenes and carbohydrates using standard procedure.  Both clean and infested samples of smoke-dried Clarias gariepinus were purchased from Sabon Gari Market, Zaria. The infested samples were used as initial source of D. maculatus larvae. Range finding test was carried out prior to the bioassay. During the bioassay, clean un-infested fish samples were weighed and introduced into kilner jars and respective dosages of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g and 0.8g of extract were added. Another set of fish samples without the extract were maintained as control. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Fifteen larvae of D. maculatus were introduced into both treated and control containers and covered. Mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Data obtained revealed an increase in mortality with increasing dose and time. Mortality ranged from 1.67 to 11.00. Therefore, leaf extract of A. indica should be incorporated in the development of larvicide against D. maculatus.   

Impact of Ogun River pollution on antioxidants and proximate composition of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-184
Author(s):  
B. O. Onunkwor ◽  
T. O. Akinpelu ◽  
O. J. Oladipupo ◽  
R. N. Ugbaja ◽  
O. J. Olaoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ogun River

Most rivers in Nigeria are polluted without conscious efforts to abate ensuant consequences. Thus, Clarias gariepinus, an aquatic commercial food from Ogun River, Nigeria, was studied to investigate the impact of pollution on antioxidants and proximate composition. During the rainy season, 50 C. gariepinus (average weight 426.53 ± 24.40g and length 37.73 ± 0.95cm) were site sampled, 10 from each of Ago-Odo, Ago-Ika, Oke-Sokori, and Quarry along Ogun River course. Ajegunle-Adao cultured pond, served as control. The parameters assayed for included: some heavy metals and physico-chemical properties of sampled water, antioxidants and proximate composition of the fish samples. Physicochemical parameters of river studied showed that temperature of all sites ranged from 26 to 29°C, pH: 6.9 to 7.8, dissolved oxygen: 9.5 to 21.6, biochemical oxygen demand: 3.60 to 14.10, and chemical oxygen demand: 60 to 650. Lead (Pb) concentration ranged from 4.0 to 17.0 μg/L and cadmium (Cd): 0.0 to 6.0 μg/L. Blood Pb, Cd, activities of: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, plasma xanthine oxidase, and lipid peroxidation level of fish samples from Ago-Ika were most significantly (p < 0.05) high, with significant (p < 0.05) lowest reduced glutathione concentration amongst the samples from polluted sites when compared to control fish. Proximate analysis showed that the fish samples from Ogun River had significantly (p < 0.05) lower protein, fat contents, and higher nitrogen-free extract while Ago-Ika, Oke-Sokori and Quarry sites had significantly (p < 0.05) lower moisture, ash and fibre contents when compared with control. It can be concluded that the impact of pollution induced oxidative stress and significantly diminished the nutritional value of C. gariepinus from Ogun River.

scholarly journals Intraspecific morphological variation between cultured and wild Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (Clariidae, Siluriformes)

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shola G. Solomon ◽  
Victor T. Okomoda ◽  
Abel I. Ogbenyikwu
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Meristic Counts ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
The University ◽  
Intraspecific Morphological Variation

Abstract This study was designed to evaluate morphological differences between cultured and wild African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell). Fish samples were collected from the lower Benue River (axis in Makurdi), while cultured fish were obtained from the University of Agriculture Makurdi research farm. The results revealed significant sex-related variation in the fish from different environments. Significant differences were observed in all morphometric parameters measured and in three of the five meristic counts recorded. Discriminant analysis and cluster analysis of morphometric parameters showed a high divergence among the populations, hence the tested fish samples were grouped into respective environments by sex. The meristic count, however, overlapped broadly showing no divergence among the populations. The morphometric differences between the cultured and wild African catfish could have been linked to genetic differences or environmental factors or a combination of both factors.

Natural origins of off-flavours in fish related to feeding habits

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs.Gy. Papp ◽  
É. Kerepeczki ◽  
F. Pekár ◽  
D. Gál
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Samples

The objective of our study was to survey the accumulated 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin (GSM) in fillets of five important farmed fish species in Hungarian aquaculture in relation to MIB and GSM concentrations in water and sediment in the aquatic systems where they were raised: (the planktivorous silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the herbivorous grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), the bottom-feeding omnivorous common carp (Cyprinus carpio), the omnivorous tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the carnivorous African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)). Water, sediment and fish samples were collected from different experimental aquatic systems which included a combined aquaculture–algae (CAA) system, effluent-fed fishponds, a pond recycling system and a traditional fishpond. MIB and GSM contents were extracted with distillation-headspace solid-phase – microextraction (SPME) and extracts analysed by GC-MS. Results showed that off-flavour contents in fish fillets were related to the feeding habits of the studied fish species. Higher GSM concentrations were found in the fillet of bottom-feeding common carp than in the silver carp or African catfish in all studied aquatic systems. Usually, low GSM concentrations were detected in the water of fishponds but sometimes the levels of this odour compound in carp fillet were well above the limits of human detection. This suggests that the off-flavour tainting of common carp may originate from the sediment or benthic algal/actinomycete sources. Negligible MIB levels were found in all samples in all of the studied aquatic systems.

scholarly journals Effect of Moringa leave Marinade on aflatoxin in fresh and smoked African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
E.O. Oni ◽  
M.C. Adetunji ◽  
D.D. John-Babatunde ◽  
A.M. Omemu
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Aflatoxin Concentration ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
And Control

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of Moringa leaves Marinade (MOM) on aflatoxin contamination of Clarias gariepinus. A total of thirty fresh fish samples (n = 30) grouped into four; Fresh fish without smoking and storage, smoked fish +1% and 2% Moringa oleifera Marinade (MOM) respectively and Control (0% MOM) were subjected to microbiological and HPLC analysis while storing for 0-3 months. Mean CFU/g of 2.8 and 3.1 x 102 CFU/g for bacteria and fungi were recovered, respectively. Furthermore, four bacteria and fungi genera each of which Aspergillus spp. was the most predominant (57%) were recovered from the fishes. Aflatoxin concentration increased progressively in 0% MOM smoked fish as the storage period increased, while aflatoxin concentration reduced in the fishes treated with 2% MOM (p≥0.05). On average, between 1-40% reduction in aflatoxin concentration and increased keeping quality was enhanced with 2% MOM treatment. These findings recommend the possibility of the use of moringa leaves in the treatment of commercially smoked fish.

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