scholarly journals Listy Władysława Taczanowskiego do Aleksandra Straucha w zbiorach Rosyjskiej Akademii Nauk – interesujący przyczynek historii zoologii w XIX wieku

Author(s):  
Piotr Daszkiewicz ◽  
Dominika Mierzwa-Szymkowiak

Letters from Władysław Taczanowski to Alexander Strauch in the Russian Academy of Sciences Collections. An Interesting Contribution to the History of Zoology in the Nineteenth Century The article presents the Polish translation and analysis of the letters from Władysław Taczanowski (1819–1890) to Aleksander Strauch (1832–1893). The correspondence is stored in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg and comprises 29 letters written between 1870 and 1889. The main theme of these letters is specimens of reptiles and amphibians sent to Warsaw by Polish naturalists, such as Benedykt Dybowski from Siberia, Konstanty Jelski from French Guiana and Peru, Jan Kalinowski from Korea, as well as specimens brought by Taczanowski from Algeria. Strauch determined the species and used them in his publications. This correspondence is also a valuable testimony of the exchange of specimens between the Warsaw Zoological Cabinet and the Zoological Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. In return for herpetological specimens, the Warsaw collection received numerous fish specimens from the Russian Empire and a collection of birds from Mikołaj Przewalski’s expedition to Central Asia. The content of the letters allows a better understanding of the functioning of natural history museography but also the organization of shipments, preparation, determination, and exchange of specimens. They are a valuable document of the history of nineteenth-century scientific museography.

Author(s):  
А.Я. Докучаев ◽  
М.В. Полякова ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
Ф.В. Кулаков ◽  
Е.Б. Курдюков ◽  
...  

Статья написана по материалам Рудно-Петрографического музея ИГЕМ РАН и Библиотеки Геологической литературы БЕН РАН в ИГЕМ РАН. В здании Института геологии рудных месторождений, петрографии, минералогии и гео- химии Российской академии наук (ИГЕМ РАН), помимо профильных научных и аналитических лабораторий, располагаются Библиотека геологической литературы (БГЛ) и Рудно-петрогра- фический музей (РПМ). БГЛ является единственной специализированной академической геологической библиотекой в Москве и содержит крупнейший в России фонд геологической литературы. БГЛ была факти- чески создана в 1880 г. как книжный фонд Минералогического музея Императорской АН в Санкт- Петербурге и дальше развивалась в тесной связи с его научной деятельностью. В 1938 г. би- блиотека получила название «Библиотека отделения геолого-географических наук». С 1973 г. и по настоящее время библиотека является научно-исследовательским отделом БЕН РАН с наименованием «Библиотека геологической литературы в ИГЕМ РАН». Рудно-петрографический музей (РПМ) ИГЕМ РАН располагает современной систематиче- ской коллекцией горных пород и большинства руд. История коллекций музея тесно связана с Санкт-Петербургской Кунсткамерой. Начало петрографической коллекции музея было поло- жено академиком В.И. Вернадским в 1908 г. Архивные материалы и коллекции РПМ, имеющие более чем 200-летнюю историю хранения, представляют несомненный научный интерес. Рудно-петрографический музей ИГЕМ РАН и Библиотека геологической литературы БЕН РАН развивают научные и гуманитарные связи с музеями и институтами геологического и естественно-научного профиля, в первую очередь с академическими учреждениями, имеющими с ними общие исторические корни. Apart from fi eld-oriented research and analytical laboratories, the building of the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGEM RAS) also houses also the Library of Geological Literature (LGL) and Ore-Petrographic Museum (OPM). LGL is the only specialized academic library of geological literature in Moscow and owns Russia’s largest collection of geological literature. LGL was actually established in 1880 as a book fund of geological literature at the Mineralogical Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg and developed further hand in hand with its scientifi c activities. In 1938, the library received the name of “The Library of the Department of Geological and Geographical Sciences. Since 1973 up to present, the library is a research department of the Library of Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and is referred to as The Library of Geological Literature at IGEM RAN (the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits of the Russian Academy of Sciences). The Ore-Petrographic Museum (OPM) at IGEM RAN possesses types. The history of the museum collections is closely related to St. Petersburg’s Kuntskammer. The start of the petrographic museum collection was made by V.I. Vernadsky in 1908. Archive materials and collections of OPM, whose history of preservation stretching back over 200 years, are of undoubted academic interest. The Ore-Petrographic Museum at IGEM RAN and the Library of Geological Literature of BEN RAN extent scientifi c and humanitarian relations with a broad circle of museums and institutes specializing in the fi eld of geology and natural science, fi rst and foremost, with academic institutions, with which are connected through common historical roots.


Author(s):  
Kirill Yu. Zubkov ◽  
Vladimir V. Tikhomirov

For the fi rst time, we publish an unknown review written by Aleksandr Nikitenko, a member of Imperial Academy of Sciences, of the comedy by Alexander Ostrovsky «The Forest». This review was compiled on behalf of the commission that distributed Aleksey Uvarov’s awards for the playwrights after Alexander Ostrovsky submitted his play to the competition. Review by Aleksandr Nikitenko was read at a meeting of the commission; its copy has been discovered in his personal archive. Alexander Ostrovsky participated in the competition for Aleksey Uvarov’s award for more than 15 years, but he achieved success only twice: with his «The Storm» in 1860 and with the drama «Sin and Sorrow Are Common to All» in 1863. Aleksandr Nikitenko, himself a member of the academic commission, for several years was reviewing all the works that competed for the prize, and almost always gave negative conclusions about them. He reacted sharply negatively to «The Forest» as well. In the article, Aleksandr Nikitenko’s review is considered in the context of literary, critical and theatrical criticism of the comedy by Alexander Ostrovsky, which were released shortly after its publication and production. The publication was prepared on the basis of archival documents found in St. Petersburg department of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Manuscript Department of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences


2021 ◽  
Vol 325 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-136
Author(s):  
N.V. Slepkova

The work examines the circumstances of the transfer of the largest collection of butterflies, collected by Grand Duke Nikolai Romanov for 26 years, to the Zoological Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg in 1899–1900. The gift was made on the condition that the collection would retain the name of the donor; that, because of its considerable size, there will be a special custodian; that it would remain untouchable and without resupply, except for the species that may come from the Russian Empire; that it will be available for the work of scientists and professionals interested in the field. Two requirements were added a little bit later. The collection should have been kept in the same cabinets as it was at the Grand Duke’s palace. Otto Hertz was to be left the custodian with the position of senior zoologist. The main sources of the article are the minutes of the meetings of the Physics and Mathematics Department of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, museum reports, books of receipts from the Scientific Archives of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, materials of the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of RAS and the Russian State Historical Archives.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
M. V. Khartanovich

Purpose. Kunstkamera of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg is often named the “cradle of sciences” in Russia, and it includes a rich ethnographic material. The museum collections were both a source of admiration for a wide audience and a knowledge-building resource for professional researchers. The objective of the article is to reveal the stages of gathering the collections as a process of knowledge evolution starting from separate rare items to systematic collections on the traditional culture of different peoples of the Russian Empire. Results. We analyzed materials on the principles of ethnographic collection gathering used by the physician Daniel Goettlib Messerschmidt during his expedition to Siberia (1719–1727) and the research activity of the Academic team during the second Kamchatka expedition (1733–1743). Archival documents which show the logic of filed data gathering, including artefacts of traditional culture, are published. Conclusion. History of the Kunstkamera’s ethnographic collections reflects the development of ethnographic knowledge from a traveler’s interest in unique rare and curios items of traditional culture to the source for comparative analysis of history and culture of peoples.


Author(s):  
И.З. Астафьева ◽  
А.Я. Докучаев ◽  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
А.В. Каргин ◽  
Ф.В. Кулаков ◽  
...  

Рудно-петрографический музей (РПМ) Института геологии рудных месторождений, петрографии, минералогии и геохимии (ИГЕМ) РАН – единственный в России академический музей, располагающий системати- ческой коллекцией всех видов магматических горных пород. Фонды РПМ ИГЕМ РАН тесно связаны с профильными дисциплинами, развивающимися в ИГЕМ РАН. История коллекций РПМ ИГЕМ РАН и Минералогического музея им. А.Е. Ферсмана РАН, по-видимому, начинается с 1719 года, когда в Кикиных палатах Санкт-Петербурга была выставлена коллекция Кристофа Готвальда, приоб- ретенная для Кунсткамеры и дополненная образцами пород, руд и минералов российских месторождений. В 30-е годы XIX века на основе коллекций Кунсткамеры было создано семь самостоятельных академических музе- ев: Этнографический, Анатомический, Азиатский, Египетский, Зоологический, Ботанический, Минералогический. В 1898 году Минералогический музей был переименован в Геологический музей. 1 марта 1903 года Геологическому музею было присвоено наименование «Геологический музей имени Петра Великого». В 1908 году академиком В.И. Вернадским начала создаваться «Систематическая петрографическая коллекция Геологического музея имени Петра Великого Императорской Академии Наук», составляющая основной фонд со- временного Рудно-петрографического музея ИГЕМ РАН. В 1925 году произошло разделение Геологического и Минералогического музея имени Петра Великого на два му- зея: Геологический музей Петра Первого АН СССР (директор – академик Ф.Ю. Левинсон-Лессинг) и Минералоги- ческий музей Петра Первого АН СССР (директор – академик А.Е. Ферсман). В 1937 году, в связи с переводом Академии наук СССР в Москву, был образован Институт геологических наук (ИГН АН СССР), который разместился в здании современного ИГЕМ РАН. В ноябре 1955 года ИГН АН СССР был разделен на ИГЕМ АН СССР и Геологический институт (ГИН) АН СССР. Все коллекции и архивные документы Геологического музея имени Петра Великого (Петра Первого), входившего в состав ИГН АН СССР, перешли в ИГЕМ АН СССР и стали его научной основой. The Ore and Petrographic Museum (OPM) of the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry (IGEM) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is the only academic museum in Russia possessing a taxonomic collection of all types of igneous rocks. The collections of OPM IGEM RAS are closely related with principal subjects developing at IGEM RAS. The history of the collections of OPM IGEM RAS and the Mineralogical museum (named after A.E. Fersman) of the Russian Academy of Sciences probably comes from 1719, with Christoph Gottwald’s collection, which was exhibited in Kikin Hall in St. Petersburg that had been purchased for Kunstkamera and supplemented with samples of rocks, ores and minerals from Russian deposits. In the 1830’s on the basis of Kunstkamera collections were established the following seven autonomous academic musems: the Ethnographical, Anatomical, Asian, Egyptian, Zoological, Botanical and Mineralogical museums. In 1898, the Mineralogical Museum was renamed into the Geological Museum. On March 1, 1903, the Geological Museum was named after Peter the Great. In 1908, academician V.I. Vernadsky began creating the «Taxonomic Petrographic Collection of the Geological Museum named after Peter the Great of the Imperial Academy of Sciences», which is currently the main collection of the modern Ore and Petrographic Museum of IGEM RAS. In 1925, the Geological and Mineralogical Museum named after Peter the Great was divided into two museums: the Geological Museum named after Peter the Great of the USSR Academy of Sciences (headed by academician F.Yu. Levinson-Lessing) and the Mineralogical Museum named after Peter the Great of the USSR Academy of Sciences (headed by academician A.E. Fersman).


2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yu Feklova ◽  
Natalia M. Vekshina

This article deals with the history of the Russian Orthodox Mission in China, founded in Beijing in 1715, which existed until 1955. It played an important role in the development of Russian–Chinese relations. It also became a centre of China’s academic studies and the first training school for Russian sinologists. During the first half of the nineteenth century, China pursued an isolationist policy. Consequently, Russian scientists could only receive reliable information about China from members of the Russian Orthodox Mission in Beijing. This article focuses on the history of scientific cooperation between the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Orthodox Mission in Beijing during the nineteenth century, especially with regard to astronomical investigations.


Author(s):  
А.Я. Докучаев ◽  
Г.Р. Крехан ◽  
А.В. Каргин ◽  
Ф.В. Кулаков ◽  
Е.Б. Курдюков ◽  
...  

История Русской Полярной экспедиции (РПЭ, 1900–1902 гг.) под руководством Эдуарда Васильевича Толля, которая должна была найти землю Санникова и достичь Берингова пролива, активно обсуждается в научной и популярной литературе. В статье на основе официальных протоколов Императорской Академии наук, писем и дневников ее участников, Э.В. Толля, А.В. Колчака, Ф.А. Матисена, А.А. Бялыницкого-Бирули рассмотрены по- ставленные перед РПЭ задачи и достигнутые ей основные результаты. РПЭ сыграла важную роль в освоении Северного морского пути и в организации последовавших за ней выдающихся российских и советских арктических и полярных экспедиций. The history of the Russian Polar Expedition (RPE, 1900-1902), that was headed by Edward V. Toll and was supposed to fi nd the Sannikov Land and to reach the Bering Strait, is being actively discussed in popular scientifi c literature. Based on offi cial reports of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences, the expedition members’ correspondence and diaries (E.V. Toll, A.V. Kolchak, F.A. Mattisen, A.A. Bialynicki-Birula), the paper discuses the tasks assigned to the expedition and its principal results achieved. The RPE played an important role in the development of the Northern Sea Route and in organization subsequent signifi cant Russian and Soviet Arctic and polar expeditions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Borisov

For more than twenty years, the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrates the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture with a traditional scholarly conference.”. Since 2014, it has been held in the young scholars’ format. In 2019, participants from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Togliatti, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, and Rostov-on-Don, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania continued this tradition. A wide range of problems related to the history of the Slavic peoples from the Middle Ages to the present time in the national, regional and international context were discussed again. Participants talked about the typology of Slavic languages and dialects, linguo-geography, socio- and ethnolinguistics, analyzed formation, development, current state, and prospects of Slavic literatures, etc.


2020 ◽  

The book was compiled on the materials of the scientific conference “Anthropomorphic and zoomorphic representations of nations and states in the Slavic cultural discourse” (2019), held at the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and devoted to the history of the nations’ personifications and generalized ethnic images in period of “imagined communities” formation. This process is reconstructing on verbal and visual sources and by methods of various disciplines. The historical evolution of such zoomorphic incarnations of nations as an Eagle (in the Polish patriotic poetry of the first third of the 19th cent), a Falcon (in the South Slavic and Czech cultures in the 19th cent), a Griffin (during the formation of the Cassubian ethnocultural identity) is considered. The animalistic national representations in the Estonian caricature of the interwar twenty years of the 20th cent., so as the functioning of the Bear’s allegory as a symbol of Russia in modern Russian souvenir products are analyzed. The originality of zoomorphic symbolism in Polish and Soviet cultures is shown оn the examples of para- and metaheraldic images in XXth cent. The transformation of the verbal and visual images of “Mother Russia” personifications in Russian Empire was reconstructed. The evolution of various allegories of ethnic “Self” and “Others” is presented by caricatures of 19th – 20th cent. in Slovenian periodic and in Russian “Satyricon” journal (1914–1918).


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document