scholarly journals The content of flavonoids in Cosmos sulphureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 89-90 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Olena Andrushchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Levon
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
Different Parts

Flavonols, anthocyanins, and chalcones were determined during the flowering phase in two genotypes of Cosmos sulphureus (regular species and its cultivar ‘Cosmic Orang’) grown in the М.М. Gryshko National Botanical Garden in Kyiv. Inflorescences, leaves, stems, roots, and separated ray and disc florets were dried and crushed to prepare extracts following three different techniques. In particular, with 80 % (v/v) ethanol following Andreeva & Kalinkina (2000), 3.5 % HCl following Kriventsov (1982), and 0.1 N HCl following Udovenko (1988). The absorbance of flavonoids was measured at 390 nm wavelength for flavonols, 530 nm – for anthocyanins, and 364 nm – for chalcones. The highest content of flavonols was found in inflorescences of both genotypes (87.79 ± 1.64 and 87.99 ± 1.75 mg / 100 g of dry weight (DW), respectively). The content of anthocyanins was found to be ranked by overground organs: inflorescences > leaves > stems. In particular, the content of anthocyanins in the inflorescences of these two genotypes was 188.95 ± 5.20 and 177.14 ± 6.81 mg / 100 g DW, respectively. In the leaves, the content of anthocyanins was 61.32 ± 1.97 and 41.33 ± 2.27 mg / 100 g DW, respectively. In the stems, the content of anthocyanins was 31.63 ± 1.16 and 25.31 ± 0.95 mg / 100 g DW, respectively. In the roots, the anthocyanins were not detected. Among the flavonoids, the highest content, in general, was found for anthocyanins. Similarly, chalcones were also localized in overground organs only and mostly in the inflorescences (39.65 ± 1.25 and 37.93 ± 0.88 mg / 100 g DW, respectively). The content of chalcones in the leaves and stems was much lower than the content of the anthocyanins and flavonols; it significantly varied for two investigated genotypes. During the detailed investigation of the flavonoids content in different parts of the inflorescence, it was found that disc florets in both genotypes had fewer flavonoids than the ray florets.

scholarly journals Variability in Kernel Oil and Kernel Crude Protein Contents in Sudanese Fruit Accessions of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Nour Ahmed Osman-Bashir ◽  
Salah Ahmed-Ali Elhussein
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
A Value ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Different Parts

Balanites fruits (Balanites aegyptiaca) as a potential source of steroidal sapogenins, chemicalsin demand by the pharmaceutical industry was studied. This report focuses on two potential fruit productsother than sapogenins, namely, balanites kernel oil (BKO) and kernel total protein. The oil content ofbalanites kernels obtained from thirteen mature-fruit accessions collected from different parts of Sudanwas high, reaching a value above 40% of kernel dry weight in several accessions. Kernel total proteinaveraged 31.2%. Some physicochemical characteristics of the oil and of its component lecithin fractionwere determined. Linoleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in BKO, reaching 56.0% of total fatty acids.

scholarly journals Studies on Varietal Diversity and Selection of Potential Varieties of Gerbera (Gerbera Jamesonii H. Bolus Ex Hook. F.) For Commercial Cultivation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550
Author(s):  
Rabina Islam ◽  
Nazmul Alam ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ray Florets

Ten commercial genotypes of Gerbera jamesonii were evaluated for a number of qualitative and quantitative traits in RCBD at the Botanical Garden of Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka. Qualitative morphology among 10 genotypes showed significant similarities and dissimilarities. The analysis of variance for all the quantitative traits showed highly significant variations among the genotypes. Genotypes Dutch Diva, Classic Fabio Gold, Candela and Dune proved to be the most suitable and sustainable as they were the best performer for different growth and flower quality parameters. Number of flowers per plant found best in Candela and Dutch Diva (11.33). The phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were found higher than the genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) for all characters. Maximum GCV and PCV were observed for number of suckers per plant (30.984 and 39.568) followed by number of whorls of ray florets per flower and days to flowering from bud initiation. High heritability values were obtained for all the characters. In high heritability estimate coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was maximum for days to first flowering (32.442), plant height (cm) (17.026) and number of suckers per plant (15.992). Selection would be effective for the character showing high performance in genetic parameter. Path analysis revealed that the diameter of disc florets per flower, stalk girth (cm), number of disc florets per flower, number of ray florets per flower would be selection criteria for improvement in flower number. Based on D2 statistics, 10 genotypes were grouped into 3 clusters, namely cluster I, II and III. Highest number of genotypes was found in cluster I containing 5 genotypes. Scatter diagram represents pattern of genotypic distribution into clustering through principal component scores. Highest inter-cluster distance (22.94) was observed between cluster I and III. The genotypes of cluster II possessed heterogeneous nature and showed highest intra-cluster distance (11.35). Highest cluster mean was observed in cluster II containing four genotypes regarded as the superior than another cluster. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 541-550, 2021 (September)

Impacts of Trace Elements Iron and Zinc on Phytoavailability of Heavy Metals Cadmium and Lead

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
Su Chen ◽  
Lei Chao ◽  
Li Na Sun ◽  
Tie Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Combined Pollution ◽  
Pb Pollution ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Pollution Treatment ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Different Parts

In this paper, the soil simulation pot experiment was carried out to study the impacts of trace elements iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) on availability of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). The self-made Cd and Pb compound contaminated soil was taken as the test soil, and wheat was taken as the test plant. The results show that with the increase in Fe dosage, overground dry weight, root dry weight, and total dry weight of wheat gradually increase; the application of Zn reduces overground dry weight, root dry weight, and total dry weight of wheat. Meanwhile, wheat biomass under Cd and Pb combined pollution is smaller than that under single Cd pollution or single Pb pollution. The application of Fe fertilizer increases Cd absorption of various parts of wheat. In the single Cd pollution treatment, with the increase in Fe dosage, Cd concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of wheat will first be increased, then decreased; in Cd and Pb combined pollution treatment, with the increase in Fe, Cd concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of wheat will also be increased. The application of Fe promotes the Pb absorption of wheat. With the increase in Fe dosage, Pb concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of wheat will first be increased, then decreased slightly. Compared with Zn0, Cd concentrations of different parts of wheat after Zn1 and Zn2 treatment increase significantly. In addition, with the increase in Zn dosage, Cd concentrations of different parts of wheat will first increase, then decrease. Regardless of single Pb pollution treatment or Cd and Pb combined pollution treatment, Pb concentrations of different parts of wheat decrease as Zn dosage increases. Under different Fe and Zn levels, and when Cd and Pb coexist, Pb can promote Cd absorption of plant, but Cd inhibits Pb absorption of plant.

scholarly journals BIOMASS ACCUMULATION AND NUTRITION IN MICROPROPAGATED PLANTS OF THE BANANA ‘PRATA CATARINA’ UNDER BIOFERTILISERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDER DE OLIVEIRA SANTOS ◽  
THALES VINICIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA ◽  
GEOCLEBER GOMES DE SOUSA ◽  
ANA CRISTINA PORTUGAL PINTO DE CARVALHO ◽  
BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Aerobic Fermentation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
Different Parts

ABSTRACT Banana farming is an activity of great economic and social importance, and is carried out in most tropical countries. The aim of this work was to evaluate the biomass accumulation and levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in micropropagated plants of the banana “Prata Catarina” during the acclimatization phase, under different types and doses of biofertilisers. The experimental design included randomised blocks in a 2 × 5 + (2) factorial scheme, with two types of liquid biofertilisers (bovine biofertiliser with anaerobic and aerobic fermentation) and five biofertiliser doses (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 L plant-1 week-1), as well as two additional treatments (control and recommended mineral fertilisation). The following variables were analysed: dry weight of the leaves and roots, and mineral element content (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) in different parts of the plant (leaf and root). During 90 days of acclimatization, the nutritional contribution of bovine biofertiliser with anaerobic fermentation was greater in comparison with the biofertiliser with aerobic fermentation and the control, but lower in comparison with mineral fertilisation. The 1000-mL dose of the biofertiliser with anaerobic fermentation promoted greater dry weight accumulation in the leaves and roots of the banana “Prata Catarina”. The biofertiliser with anaerobic fermentation promoted higher levels of N, K, and Ca in the leaves, whereas the biofertiliser with aerobic fermentation promoted higher levels of P in the leaves and roots.

The sources of assimilate for grain development in tall and short sorghum

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Goldsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Different Parts

SUMMARYThe dry weight contributed to the grain yield of sorghum by different parts of the plant was measured by removing laminae and by shading the head. A Nigerian tall variety formed more dry weight after heading and had a larger leaf area duration than a short-season, hybrid sorghum, but its grain yield was smaller. Laminae contributed more than 80% of the dry weight formed after heading in the Nigerian sorghum but less than half of this went into the grain. The remainder went into the stem, mainly to replace respiratory losses, or accumulated in the rachis and branches of the head. Top, middle and bottom groups of laminae contributed 42, 22 and 12% respectively to the dry weight of the grain; the remaining 24% was contributed by the sheaths. In the short-season hybrid sorghum over 70% of the dry matter formed after heading was stored in the grain. Only about half of this came from the laminae; assimilation in the head and in the sheaths contributed about equally to the remainder.

scholarly journals The impact of the agrochemical properties of soil on the chemical composition of Jerusalem artichoke flowers

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Stočkutė ◽  
Elvyra Jarienė
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Parts

The objective of this research was to investigate and to evaluate the chemical composition of Jerusalem artichoke flowers grown in different soils. Quality analysis was carried out in the laboratories of the Institute of Agricultural and Food Science of Vytautas Magnus University. The following agrochemical parameters of the soil were determined using standardized methods: pHKCl, the amount of soil humus, mineral nitrogen, mobile phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The chemical composition of different parts of Jerusalem artichoke flowers (disk florets and ray florets) were evaluated by the standard method: the content of carbohydrates (inulin and total saccharides content), minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Na, Zn, Mg). Electronic nose (Alpha M. O. S.) measurement technologies were used to recognize and identify the flower fragrance (volatile organic compounds). Processing of the research data was carried out through the application of the analysis of variance (ANOVA), using the computer software Statistica 10. The research results showed that the substantially highest amount of inulin was determined in the disk florets (0.339%, D. M.) of Jerusalem artichoke grown in the soil with the medium humus and medium available potassium amount. The content of total soluble saccharides of different parts of Jerusalem artichoke flowers varied from 2.54 to 4.11% of disk florets and from 0.55 to 0.81% of ray florets. The highest amount of macroelement potassium (3.1%, D. M.) was detected in Jerusalem artichoke flowers grown in the soil with the medium amount of humus and the medium amount of mobile potassium. Volatile organic compounds in Jerusalem artichoke flowers were determined as a complex mixture of esters, alcohols, terpenes, sulphur and other compounds. Esters as volatile compounds prevailed in Jerusalem artichoke flowers. Methyl acetate and ethyl 2-methylbutyrate with fruity, grape odour were the predominant esters group compounds as well as dimethyl trisulfide – sulfur compound in Jerusalem artichoke flowers. The investigated aroma profile of flowers shows that they have fruity-like odour.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES ISOLATED FROM THE CITRUS ON THE PHYSICAL PARAMETER OF BITTER GOURD (Momordica charantia L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Sehrish Mushtaq ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Faiza Khan ◽  
Tehseen Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad S. Haider
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Ensifer Adhaerens ◽  
Different Parts

Bacterial endophytes have a symbiotic relationship between different parts of the plant and could play an important role to improve plant health. The effects of endophytic bacterial communities in bitter gourd have not been studied yet in Pakistan. In the present study, ten different bacteria that belong to class Alpha, beta and gamma Proteobacteria as well as bacilli were injected into bitter gourd seedlings under glass house conditions and five weeks after physical parameters (SL, RL, leaf area, leaf number, wet and dry weight of plant, root and shoot ratio) were studied. According to results Azomonas agilis and Ensifer adhaerens give good results as compared to control for all parameters studied. These inoculants could be used as bio fertilizer for sustainable crop production system.

scholarly journals Comparative Estimation of Major Iridoid Glucosides from Different Parts of Incarvillea emodi

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Rana ◽  
Harsh Pratap Singh ◽  
Devendra Dhyani
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
Iridoid Glucosides ◽  
Different Parts

Incarvillea emodi (Bignoniaceae) is a rich source of bioactive iridoid glucosides. This plant contains two major iridoid glucosides: plantarenaloside, a neurotropic compound, and boschnaloside, a strong antibacterial compound. Here, in this study we have developed a simple and fast HPLC-DAD method for the total comparative estimation of these two major iridoids from different parts of Incarvillea emodi. A linear calibration curve (r2=0.999) for both iridoid glucosides in varying range (15.6–500 μg/ml) is obtained. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for plantarenaloside were 11.4 ng and 38 ng and for boschnaloside were 22.8 ng and 76 ng, respectively. The shoots, roots, and flowers of Incarvillea emodi have a combined presence of 7.66, 1.22, and 6.99 percent of these iridoid glucosides on dry weight basis. In shoots, plantarenaloside shows complete dominance (6.78%) over boschnaloside (0.88%), and a reversal of this trend was observed in case of flowers where boschnaloside shows complete dominance (6.12%) over plantarenaloside (0.87%). The roots contain 1.19% and 0.03% of both iridoids, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilzation and planting dates on growth, flower yield and methoxalen conceration in Calendula officinalis L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
N. Kh. Abdl Alazez ◽  
R. M. Moter ◽  
A. Z. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Flower Yield ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Triple Super Phosphate ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

Study was conducted in Botanical Garden, Biology Department, College of Science, University of Baghdad, sowing dates were (1/10 / 2000) and ( 1/11/2000), three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 25, 50) Kg N/ ha. as urea (46% N) and three levels of Phosphorus fertilizer (0, 25, 50) kg p2O5/ ha. as triple super phosphate (48 - 52 )% P2O5 and their interactions upon growth, flower yield and methoxalen concentration of (Calendula officnialis L. Var lemon queen). All treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three repilications. Methoxalen was sperated and massuaard with HPLC. The results can be summarized: the first sowing date was significantly superior than the second sowing date in number of branches / leaf area dcm2, number of inflorescence/ plant, flower yield, fresh and dry weight and concentration of methoxalen. Nitrogen and phosphorus treatment were significantly increased in these parameters.

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