scholarly journals SUSCEPTIBILIDAD DE 53 CULTIVARES DE CAFÉ, COFFEA ARABICA, AL DAÑO DEL MINADOR DEL CAFÉ, LEUCOPTERA COFFEELLA, EN PUERTO RICO

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Fernando Gallardo-Covas ◽  
Wigmar González-Muñiz ◽  
Eladio Hernández-López
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leucoptera Coffeella

SUSCEPTIBILIDAD DE 53 CULTIVARES DE CAFÉ, COFFEA ARABICA, AL DAÑO DEL MINADOR DEL CAFÉ, LEUCOPTERA COFFEELLA, EN PUERTO RICO

scholarly journals Distribution of the coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella, and its parasitoids in the canopy of coffee, Coffea arabica in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Fernando Gallardo-Covas
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Coffee Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leucoptera Coffeella ◽  
Coffee Leaf Miner ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was established in the summer of 1 986 to study the distribution of the coffee leaf miner and its parasitoids within the coffee tree canopy. Mean estimates of percentage parasitization were 13.20, 14.32, and 16.00 at tree heights of 0-1, 1-2, and 2-3 m, respectively. The experiment failed to show a significant difference between parasitization of the coffee leaf miner at different levels in the canopy. Mined leaf index estimates of 0.7, 0.7 and 0.3 were obtained at 0-1 , 1-2 and 2-3 m, respectively. This experiment shows that L. coffeella acts at all levels in the tree canopy, although more so at lower levels.

scholarly journals Fertilizer requirements of coffee grown on Catalina clay in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Luis A. Gómez ◽  
José Lería Esmoris ◽  
B. G. Capó
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Coffee Production

The results obtained in two coffee fertilizer tests performed with the Puerto Rican variety of Coffea arabica on "Catalina Clay" are presented, statistically analyzed, and discussed. Nitrogen and phosphoric acid applications seem to be of greater importance as regards market-coffee production of the above variety in the soil type used, than are the applications of potash, which had no significant effects on the yields. These results are in sharp contrast with the results obtained by McClelland, who found potash applications to be essential and phosphoric acid applications to be not essential for maximum coffee production in Puerto Rico. It should be noted that McClelland's experiments were carried out on other soil types, which were probably not in condition to provide the coffee trees with their potash requirements.

Erosion and nutrient loss reduction with an alternative planting method for coffee (Coffea arabica).

1969 ◽  
Vol 92 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
David Sotomayor-Ramírez ◽  
John Ramírez-Ávila ◽  
Edwin Más ◽  
Gustavo A. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
The Media ◽  
Planting Method

Coffee (Coffea arabica) planting in the interior mountainous region of Puerto Rico is usually performed on steep slopes after vegetation removal. The construction of individual terraces around the tree, such as the "Media Luna" planting method, prior to planting could reduce sediment and nutrient losses and could increase yields by improved on-site water and nutrient retention. Experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that the "Media Luna" planting technique could reduce sediment, total phosphorus (TP), and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) in runoff during and after the establishment of a coffee plantation in Puerto Rico. The experiments were conducted on a commercial farm where the predominating soils were Mucara (Dystric Eutrudepts) in Phase 1, and Humatas (Typic Haplohumults) in Phase 2. In Phase 1 (recent plantings), sediment and nutrient runoff losses were similar in the conventional countour planting method and in the "Media Luna" treatments. Nutrient concentrations in runoff increased in events following fertilization. Recently loosened unconsolidated sediment material in the "Media Luna" treatment may be more susceptible to losses during the initial establishment phase. In phase 2 (mature plantings), sediment and nutrient losses were greater from soils planted with the conventional contour planting method than from those with the "Media Luna" treatment. The lower TP concentrations measured during Phase 2 suggests that the "Media Luna" technique could be a beneficial practice for coffee production in some areas of Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico de Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)vy sus parasitoides en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo David-Rueda ◽  
Luis Miguel Constantino C. ◽  
Esther Cecilia Montoya ◽  
Oscar E. Ortega M. ◽  
Zulma Nancy Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leucoptera Coffeella

El minador de la hoja del café, Leucoptera coffeella, es una de las principales plagas del cultivo del café (Coffea arabica) en la región neotropical, ocasionando pérdidas en rendimiento hasta del 80%, en países como Brasil. En Colombia ha sido poco estudiado, debido a que los ataques han sido esporádicos. Esta investigación exploratoria fue conducida con el propósito de realizar un diagnóstico del minador y sus parasitoides en el departamento de Antioquia, donde se evaluó el porcentaje de infestación de la plaga y el parasitismo natural, a través de un muestreo bietápico en más de 1.100 lotes cafeteros entre 2 y 5 años de edad. Se evaluaron 60 árboles por lote mediante un muestreo sistemático, durante cuatro momentos entre los años 2013 y 2014. Los resultados mostraron promedios de infestación del minador inferiores al 2% y promedios de parasitismo que oscilaron entre 58 y 89 %. Emergieron en total, 787 parasitoides del orden Hymenoptera, familia Eulophidae, distribuidos en dos subfamilias: Eulophinae y Entodininae. Se identificaron siete especies: Closterocerus coffeellae, Closterocerus lividus, Zagrammosoma multilineatum, Pnigalio sarasolai, Horismenus sp., Horismenus n. sp., y Apleurotropis n. sp., estas dos últimas nuevas especies para Colombia, y quizás para la ciencia. El controlador natural más abundante fue C. coffeellae. Se recomienda el manejo de esta plaga, a partir de una estrategia de control biológico por conservación.

scholarly journals Biodiversity and ecology of potential vectors (Insecta: Hemiptera: Auchenorryncha) of Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. in coffee plants of Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
Yobana Mariño-Cárdenas ◽  
Mildred Zapata ◽  
Brent V. Brodbeck ◽  
Stuart McKamey ◽  
Peter C. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Central America ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Primary Family ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a xylem-limited bacterium that is the causal agent of coffee leaf scorch (CLS) in Central America. The purpose of this research was to survey potential vectors of Xf in plantings of coffee, Coffea arabica L., in Puerto Rico. These surveys were conducted from June to November 2006 on four farms, located in the municipalities of Yauco, Juana Díaz and Adjuntas. Insects were collected at each site at 15-day intervals. The 7,423 individuals collected belonged to five families and 12 species. Cicadellidae was the primary family in both number of species and number of individuals. Indexes of dominance, abundance, frequency and constancy showed Agallia pulchra, Apogonalia imitatrix, Caribovia coffeacola and Hortensia similis to be the predominant species. Indexes also showed significant differences among locations, with higher diversity and equitability on Yauco farms, and higher dominance in Adjuntas. Of the four dominant species, Apogonalia imitatrix, C. coffeacola and H. similis are all xylem fluid feeders, and thus may be potential vectors of Xf. Apogonalia imitatrix represents the first report of the species for Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals SUSCEPTIBILITY OF 7 CULTIVARS OF COFFEA ARABICA L. TO LEUCOPTERA COFFEELLA (GUÉRIN-MÉNEVILLE)

1969 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-309
Author(s):  
Fernando Gallardo-Covas
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leucoptera Coffeella ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF 7 CULTIVARS OF COFFEA ARABICA L. TO LEUCOPTERA COFFEELLA (GUÉRIN-MÉNEVILLE)

LIBERAÇÃO DE CHRYSOPERLA SPP. PARA O CONTROLE DE LEUCOPTERA COFFEELLA NO CAFÉ COFFEA ARABICA L. E INFLUÊNCIA NA QUALIDADE DA BEBIDA

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Brenda Karina Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Flávio Lemes Fernandes ◽  
José Lusimar Eugênio ◽  
Lício Augusto Pena de Sairre ◽  
Matheus Majela de Jesus Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Leucoptera Coffeella ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

scholarly journals Soil systemic insecticides to control the coffee leafminer, Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Méneville), in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Fernando Gallardo-Covas
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
The Third ◽  
Systemic Insecticides ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Leucoptera Coffeella

Soil systemic insecticides were evaluated for the control of the coffee leafminer, Leucoptera coffeela, in 1982, 1983 and 1984 at the Adjuntas Agricultural Experiment Substation. Aldicarb 10 G and carbofuran 10 G were compared with a standard (disulfoton 15 G) and an untreated check. In 1982, disulfoton 15 G at 12 g/m height and aldicarb 10 G at 20 and 30 g per tree (93.3, 75.3 and 73.6% control, respectively) gave a highly significant leafminer control as compared with the check. Carbofuran 10 G at 20 g per tree gave 68.6% control. For the second trial (1983) only aldicarb 10 G at 20 g gave significantly higher percentage control (20.9). In the third trial, disulfoton 15 G, aldicarb 10 G at 20 g and 30 g per tree were highly significant with 92.6, 87.8 and 88.7% control, respectively. Also carbofuran 10 G at 15 g per tree was significant. Yields in all treatments with aldicarb and carbofuran were superior to that with disulfoton 15 G for the 3-year experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of shade and season on bacterial endophytes isolated from coffee (Coffea arabica) trees in Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Carlos Bolaños ◽  
Mildred Zapata ◽  
Brent Brodbeck ◽  
Pete Andersen ◽  
Linda Wessel-Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Strain Diversity ◽  
Leaf Veins ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
High Degree

Worldwide, coffee (Coffea arabica) is an economically important crop. In the mountainous zone of Puerto Rico this crop is planted alone or as an intercrop forming an economically and ecologically important agroecosystem. Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., an endophytic bacteria, causes coffee leaf scorch, which is a serious threat to the crop. Most endophytic bacteria colonize an ecological niche similar to that of phytopathological organisms, thus, some strains of these bacteria could potentially be biological control agents. This study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic colonizing bacteria in coffee trees under shade and sun, during the rainy and dry seasons. During two years, on coffee farms of Adjuntas, Jayuya, Las Marias and Yauco, we evaluated the effect of season, location, shade and year on the amount and diversity of endophytic bacteria associated with coffee. To contrast endophytic bacterial populations, we analyzed colonyforming units (CFU/mL) and the number of phenotypically different strains (strain diversity) isolated from leaf veins and branches of coffee trees. Higher bacterial populations were observed on branches versus leaf veins (P menor que 0.0001); therefore, in order to obtain a higher number of bacterial diversity, isolations should be performed from branches instead of leaf veins. The interaction of shade type with season was the most common statistically significant interaction, indicative that the effect of the season depends on the type of shade used. During the dry season, statistical differences in the shade and location were found (P menor que 0.05) for leaf veins and branches. In the rainy season, statistical differences were found in the number of strains per tree in shade from leaf veins and tree samples. In general, a high number of bacteria in a location, season or type of shade management was associated with a high degree of strain diversity. Certain endophytic strains might interact in an antagonist manner to Xylella fastidiosa, representing an alternative for controlling the disease.

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