The influence of extracts and fractions from matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata) on angiotensin I levels

Introduction: The matoa plant (Pometia pinnata) leaves can be used to treat hypertension. Matoa leaves are thought to have antihypertensive activity because they contain flavonoids. These flavonoids can reduce blood pressure that is modulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). It is suspected that matoa leaves have antihypertensive activity as they contain quercetin which is a compound that is presumed to be an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Aims: This study aims to determine which extracts and fractions from matoa leaves are able to decrease angiotensin I levels. Methods: The extraction was done by maceration with 96% ethanol solvent and fractionated by a liquid method using an n-hexane fraction solvent, an ethyl acetate fraction, and a water fraction. In this study, 21 male Wistar rats were used as test animals and divided into seven groups: Group I was the normal control, group II was the negative control (CMC-Na 1%), group III was the positive control (Irbesartan), group IV was given matoa leaf extract with 60 mg/200g body weight ratio, Group V was given 2.34 mg/g fraction of n-hexane, Group VI was given ethyl acetate fraction 9.54 mg/200g ethyl acetate fraction, and Group VII was given water fraction 7.98 mg/200g water fraction. The data obtained was analysed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, the Levene test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The results showed that the angiotensin I levels induced by angiotensin II were more significant (p < 0,05) than those in the normal and negative groups. The ethyl acetate fraction showed a 23.6% decrease in angiotensin I level, which was close to the 24.8% decrease in the positive group. The extract from the matoa leaves showed a 17.2% decrease in angiotensin I levels which were close to the 20% decrease in the positive group.

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PENGARUH FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN PILADANG (Solenostemon scutellarioides (L) Codd) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN

Jurnal Katalisator ◽

10.22216/jk.v2i1.1726 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Verawati Verawati ◽

Mimi Aria ◽

Iyun Julia Ningsih

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Serum Cholesterol ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Group Iii ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Solenostemon Scutellarioides ◽

Group I

Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and vascular diseases. Medicinal plants with different content of secondary metabolites such as polyphenols and flavonoids are natural sources to cope hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of piladang leaves (Solenostemon scutellarioides (L) Codd) on serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic male rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 6 animals: group I (negative control), group II (positive control), group III, IV and V were each given fraction of ethyl acetate doses respectively 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg and group VI (simvastatin as a comparator). Measurement of serum cholesterol levels were conducted with CHOD-PAP method using a photometer 5010. Result showed ethyl acetate fraction affects cholesterol levels of experimental animals with a lower value than the positive control. According to statistics of one way ANOVA followed by the Duncan test method SPSS 17 showed no significant differences (p> 0.05) on cholesterol levels in all given doses of ethyl acetate fraction. Group III(a dose of 100 mg / kg) was probably the most effective in lowering the blood cholesterol levels of experimental animals.

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ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA LEAVES FRACTION AS AN ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i6.13628 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dwintha Lestari

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Level ◽

Total Cholesterol Level ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Control Group ◽

Water Fraction

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate reduction of blood cholesterol level by fraction extracts of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) on male Wistar rats. Methods: The rats were given high fat food every day for 3 months and pure cholesterol on week 0, 3, 7 and 11. After that each binahong fraction (n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction) with doses of 50 mg/kg bw, 100 mg/kg bw, 200 mg/kg bw were given orally for 3 weeks and observed for lipid profile on day 21. Results: The result showed that n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions of binahong leaves decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL level, and did not influence the HDL level. Meanwhile statin decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL level, and increased HDL level. Conclusion: Ethyl acetate fraction of binahong leaves significantly reduced total cholesterol level, triglycerides, LDL level compared to negative control group (p< 0.05) and had no influence in HDL level. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Anredera cordifolia, cholesterol

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AKTIVITAS FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT KULIT BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia (Christ) Swing) SEBAGAI ANTIPIRETIK PADA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI VAKSIN DPT

Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan ◽

10.36387/jiis.v6i2.740 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 341-349

Author(s):

Satrio Wibowo Rahmatullah ◽

◽

Eka Fitri Susiani ◽

Muhammad Reza Fahlevi ◽

Guntur Kurniawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Citrus Aurantifolia ◽

Antipyretic Activity ◽

Group I ◽

Test Result

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing) is one of the types of oranges containing elements of compounds that are beneficial, so widely used as traditional medicine. This research aims to know the antipyretic activity of ethyl acetate fraction peel of lime. Phytochemical screening test result fraction ethyl acetate lemon rind contains flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and essential oils. Total of 25 mice were divided into 5 groups, group I negative control, group II positive control, group III,IV,V were given ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 0,07%/gBW,, 0,105%/gBWand 0,14%/gBW. Based on the results of graph average temperatures decrease the dose that the third has antipyretic activity because it can lower the temperature and the largest decreased in temperature at a dose 0,14%/gBW. Based on the test result ANOVA obtained sig. value 0,000. which means there is a temperature difference of meaning between 5 group treatment. And on Independent Test Sample T-test between a positive control with a dose 0,14%/gBW the value of sig. 0,601 (> 0,05) which means there is no meaningful difference.

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Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity and total Polyphenol Content of Rosa multiflora and Rosa wichuraiana

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.10.4.15 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (04) ◽

pp. 646-650

Author(s):

Hyeusoo Kim ◽

Kyeong Won Yun

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Rosa Multiflora ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Total Polyphenol Content ◽

Rosa Species

The fruit of Rosa multiflora has been used as traditional herbal medicine in Asian countries. The present investigation was undertaken to study the antimicrobial activity and total polyphenol content of hexane, ether, ethyl acetate, water fraction of methanol extract of fruit and flower from Rosa multiflora and Rosa wichuraiana. Antimicrobial activity of the mentioned fractions against 3 gram-positive and 4 gram-negative bacteria using disk diffussion method. The measurement of minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of the two Rosa species is the most effective against the tested bacteria. The total polyphenol content of ethyl acetate fraction of the two Rosa species is higher than the other fractions. The results indicate the antimicrobial activity was related with the total polyphenol content and the fruit and flower of the two Rosa species can be considered as a natural source of antimicrobial agents.

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Effect of Chayote (Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz) Extract on Level of Interleukin-8 in Wistar Rats with Aspirin-Induced Gastritis

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.05.35 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽

◽

Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽

Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽

Marline Nainggolan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Interleukin 8 ◽

Control Group ◽

Sechium Edule

ABSTRACT Background: Recent studies showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), activated cytokine immune response which plays an important role in the development of acute and chronic gastritis. Harmless anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, for example, the consumption of Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz (chayote). Antioxidant (flavonoid) and cell regeneration (alkaloid) agents were found in chayote. This study aimed to determine the effect of chayote Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz extracts on the level of IL-8 in Wistar rats with aspirin- induced gastritis. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatra Utara from January to February 2020. A total of 35 male Wistar rats was selected for this study and randomly allocated into 7 groups: (1) Negative control; (2) Positive control; (3) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract ; (4) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethanol extract; (5) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; (6) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; and (7) 20 mg omeprazole. The rats in positive control and treatment groups were induced with aspirin (200mg/ kg BW). The negative control group received no intervention. The dependent variable was level of IL-8 measured by ELISA. The independent variables were treatment status. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova and post hoc test. Results: The mean differences of IL-8 level were not statistically significant between study groups (p= 0.327). Mean of IL-8 level was higher in positive control group (Mean= 160.80; SD= 6.90) than in negative control group (Mean= 141.20; SD= 10.98). The lowest IL-8 level was in 100mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 149.94; SD= 40.4), followed by 200mg/ kg BW (Mean= 152.4; SD= 30.73) and 100mg/ kg BW (Mean= 164.60; SD= 25.04) chayote ethyl acetate fraction groups, 20 mg omeprazole group (Mean= 170.60; SD= 21.58), and 200 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 176.80; SD= 10.98). Conclusion: The low dose (100mg/ kg BW) chayote ethanol extract has the most potential antiinflammation effect on in vitro gastritis with the lowest IL-8 level of all doses of chayote ethanol extract, chayote ethyl acetate fraction, and omeprazole. Keywords: antiinflammation, IL-8, chayote ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, omeprazole, aspirin induced gastritis Correspondence: Hendrika Andriana Silitonga. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281361430688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.35

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Regression of gestational diabetes induced cardiomegaly in offspring of diabetic rat

Acta Cirurgica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-86502009000400002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 251-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Honório Sampaio Menezes ◽

Cláudio Galeano Zettler ◽

Alice Calone ◽

Jackson Borges Corrêa ◽

Carla Bartuscheck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Heart Weight ◽

Diabetic Rat ◽

Control Group ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Levene Test

PURPOSE: To compare body weight and length, heart weight and length, heart-to-body weight ratio, glycemia, and morphometric cellular data of offspring of diabetic rats (ODR) and of normal rats (control). METHODS: Diabetes was induced in 3 pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 30 rats, on the 11th day after conception by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Six normal pregnant Wistar rats, bearing 50 rats, made up the control group. Morphometric data were obtained using a scale for the weight, length, heart and body measurements. Morphometric cellular data were obtained by a computer assisted method applied to the measurements of myocytes. Statistical analysis utilized Student's t-test, ANOVA and Levene test. RESULTS: Control offspring had greater mean body weight and length than offspring of diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Heart weight and length and heart-to-body ratios of newborn rats differed between groups at birth (p < 0.001), but showed no difference at 21 days. Mean nuclei area and perimetric value of the myocytes decrees throughout the first 21 days of life (p < 0.01) in the diabetic group. CONCLUSIONS: Heart hypertrophy on the offspring of diabetic rats at birth was demonstrated by the significant difference between the groups. After the eleventh day, no difference was found, which confirmed regression of cardiomegaly. The significant difference between the first and the 21th day of life, for nuclei area feature, demonstrate regression of cardiac hypertrophy in the offspring of diabetic rats.

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Comparative Antioxidant Activity on The Ficus benjamina and Annona reticulata Leaves

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v4i1.4707 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Nyi Mekar Saptarini ◽

Irma Erika Herawati

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Ficus Benjamina ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Free Radical Formation ◽

Annona Reticulata

Antioxidants can prevent free radical formation. Natural antioxidants found in many plants, such as Ficus benjamina and Annona reticulata. The study aimed to compare the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions of Ficus benjamina and Annona reticulata leaves against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazyl. The steps of this study consist of extraction, fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity determination, and comparing the IC50 values. Percentage scavenging activity of the extracts and fractions against DPPH was calculated to determine the antioxidant activity. The IC50 value of Ficus benjamina was 127.86 ppm for ethanolic extract, 94.01 ppm for water fraction, 115.48 ppm for ethyl acetate fraction, and 335.50 ppm for n-hexane fraction. The IC50 value of Annona reticulata was 274.31 ppm for ethanolic extract, 211.42 ppm for water fraction, 367.91 ppm for ethyl acetate fraction, and 741.08 ppm for n-hexane fraction. The results showed that the Ficus benjamina water fraction was the best antioxidant compared to other extract and fraction.

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Antioxidant activity test of ethyl acetate fraction of binjai (Mangifera Caesia) leaf ethanol extract

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i4.p164-168 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

K. Khairiah ◽

Irham Taufiqurrahman ◽

Deby Kania Tri Putri

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Linear Connection ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Control Group

Background: Binjai (Mangifera caesia) is a herb derived from South Kalimantan possessing antioxidant properties which promote wound healing inhibiting oxidation radicals. The natural antioxidants present in binjai leaves can be extracted by fractionation. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate fraction in 96% ethanol extract of binjai leaf. Methods: The study constituted a pure experimental study incorporating a post-test design with only random sampling technique consisting of two groups, namely; an ethyl acetate fraction as the treatment group and ascorbic acid as the positive control group. The leaves were treated in accordance with the soxhlet method and subsequently fractionated to extract ethyl acetate fraction. This was used to measure antioxidant activity with DPPH radical damping method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. A linear regression calculation was performed with a standard curve to quantify the IC50 value, before the ethyl acetate fraction underwent a qualitative test of secondary metabolite. Results: An independent t-test indicated significant differences between groups, an average value of IC50 in ascorbic acid of 13.812 ppm with 0.996 linearity and a fraction of ethyl acetate 38.526 ppm with a linearity of 0.999. In contrast, at this linearity value ascorbic acid and ethyl fraction acetate demonstrate a very high linear connection between concentration and inhibition. A secondary metabolite test conducted on the ethyl acetate fraction produced positive results for flavonoid, tannins, and phenol. Conclusion: Based on the IC50 parameters, the fraction of ethyl acetate in 96% ethanol extract of binjai leaf produces very strong antioxidant activity in the content of the compounds in the fraction, namely: flavonoid, tannins and phenol.

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN FRAKSI KULIT BATANG BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae DAN Staphylococcus epidermidis BESERTA BIOAUTOGRAFINYA

Biomedika ◽

10.23917/biomedika.v4i2.252 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Muhtadi , MSi. ◽

Ria Ambarwati ◽

Ratna Yuliani

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Water Fraction

Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) is a tropical plant that has antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial activity of bark Belimbing wuluh against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis and their bioautography. Extraction methods used to research is method maceration with a solvent ethanol 96 %. Fractinations done by method partition liquid-liquid with a separating funnel. Test performed in this research covering identi� cation bacteria, the sensitivity bacteria, antibacterial activity, thin layer chromatography, bioautography. The result of antibacterial activity ethanol extract of disk diffusion method with concentrations 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8±0,5; 10,34±0,58; 12,17±0,76 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10,17±0,29; 11±0; 11.5±0 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, n-hexane fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,34±0,29; 9,34±0,29; 10,84±0,76 on Klebsialla pneumoniae, 8,5±0,5; 9,34±0,29; 10,67±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethyl acetate fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 9,17±0,29; 10,34±0,29; 11,17±0,29 on Klebsiella pneumoniae and 9,5±0,5; 10,67±0,29; 12,67±1,26 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethanol-water fractions with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/ disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,17±0,29; 9,17±0,29; 10±0 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 9±0; 9,67±0,29; 10,34±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis. The TLC show chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract, n-heksan fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol-water fraction is a compound of the saponins, alkaloids, � avonoids and phenolic. Bioautography showed that ethanol extracts, n-heksan faction, ethyl acetate fraction, and etanol-airfaction Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) bark have not antibacterial activity because there is no clear area around on plate TLC.Keywords: Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.), ethanol extract, fractination, antibacterial, bioautogra� .

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