scholarly journals The impact of pharmacist shortage on the inventory management of medicines at primary healthcare centres in East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahem ◽  
Umi Athiyah ◽  
Catur Dian Setiawan ◽  
Andi Hermansyah
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Medicine Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Background: Pharmacists are the only people authorised to manage the medicines inventory. However, in the case of pharmacist shortage, other personnel may take over this function. This is particularly the case in most primary healthcare centers (puskesmas) in Indonesia. Aim: To compare the outcome of medicine inventory management between pharmacists and non-pharmacists in primary healthcare centres (PHCs). Methods: A survey of 146 puskesmas in East Java was conducted involving 73 pharmacists and 73 non-pharmacist staff. This study was conducted from July to January 2020. Each respondent completed a questionnaire focusing on the inventory aspects of medicine management. Results: Purchasing accuracy is higher for pharmacists (90%) than for non-pharmacists (68%). Pharmacists manage the inventory more efficiently with only 2% of the drugs expired and wasted while non-pharmacist staff wasted 16% of the drugs and 18% of the drugs expired. Conclusion: The role of pharmacists in medicine inventories is vital as they carry out more efficient and accurate medicine management.

scholarly journals Impact Size and Determinants of Indirect Cost of Financial Distress: Role of Receivable and Inventory Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-207
Author(s):  
Umar Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Ali Jibran Qamar ◽  
Krishna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Cost ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
The Impact

This research investigates the opportunity cost as an indirect cost of financial distress from two perspectives. First, indirect cost is estimated using multi-stage financial distress and non-linear proxy of debt. Second, receivable and inventory management are studied as determinants of indirect cost. The sample includes ongoing Pakistani firms that were healthy in the previous year and documenting positive gross profit. Results showed that firms bear opportunity loss primarily due to leverage rather than multistage financial distress. However, a non-linear relationship is found between leverage and indirect cost. Results further explored the impact of multistage financial distress on internal operations, i.e., working capital policies. It is found that firms manage receivable and inventory simultaneously during the multistage financial distress. Results revealed that increasing receivables and decreasing inventory is suitable during the transition of healthy firms to initial stage of financial distress, i.e., profit reduction. However, decreasing receivables, along with holding more inventory, is recommended for healthy firms that face liquidity problems subsequently. It is concluded that managers can reduce the indirect cost after deploying the optimal debt ratio and recommended receivable and inventory management policies.

scholarly journals Review: Primary healthcare in six sub-Saharan African countries: an impact assessment using a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Oladayo Nathaniel Awojobi ◽  
Jane Temidayo Abe ◽  
Oluwatoyin Adenike Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Healthcare Accessibility ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Primary healthcare is provided in most developing and developed countries to enhance healthcare accessibility for the population. This study accesses the impact of primary healthcare in six Sub-Saharan countries. A systematic search for qualitative and quantitative studies published before the end of 2017 was conducted online. Inclusion criteria were met by 6 studies, one each from Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria,  Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Five studies are peer-reviewed, and one is a working paper. Three studies reported on the impact of primary healthcare on healthcare accessibility. Four studies reported on the role healthcare resources play in enhancing primary  healthcare services. Two other studies mentioned how cost-sharing mechanism led to an increase in healthcare utilization and how the reduction in user changes in all primary healthcare centers led to the reduction in out-of-pocket spending on healthcare services in a short-term. Primary healthcare offers access and utilization to healthcare services in most countries. It also offers protection against the detrimental effects of user fees. However, concerted efforts are still needed in most African countries in revitalizing the operations of primary healthcare centers for the improvement of healthcare services.

Can the IoT Help Small Businesses?

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Nory B. Jones ◽  
C. Matt Graham
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

The IoT (Internet of Things) can transform businesses by automating processes ranging from inventory management to robotics to automation, saving time, and money. However, can small businesses benefit from the IoT? This article explores the emerging role of the IoT in small businesses, the impact on their ability to compete in a rapidly changing digital environment, and their awareness, attitudes, perceptions, and willingness to adopt it. The research utilizes an initial exploratory approach based on a review of case studies in the literature, interviews with several economic development personnel and a few small and medium-size business managers. Benefits from the use of the IoT include increased efficiency in operations and reduced costs in businesses. The medium-size businesses interviewed have verified these benefits. However, the majority of economic development personnel and small businesses interviewed did not have much or any awareness of what IoT technologies were or their potential benefits.

scholarly journals PrimaryCare@COVID-19: the implementation of digital monitoring services for patients with chronic diseases during the Covid-19 pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Velez Lapão ◽  
Mariana Santos ◽  
Melanie Maia ◽  
Vasco Pedrosa ◽  
Jorge Seixas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is straining health systems and disrupting the delivery of healthcare services, in particular for the elderly and those with chronic conditions, who are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. OBJECTIVE The aim of this project is to support primary healthcare provision with a digital health platform that will allow primary care physicians and nurses to remotely manage the care of patients with chronic diseases or COVID-19 infections. METHODS The project followed the 6 steps of the Design Science implementation methodology framework: problem identification and motivation, definition of the objectives aligned with Goal-oriented care, artefact design and development, solution demonstration, evaluation, and communication. RESULTS The digital platform was developed for the specific objectives of the project and successfully piloted in three primary healthcare centers in the Lisbon Health Region. The health professionals were able to safely and thoroughly manage their first patients remotely with high degrees of satisfaction. The first COVID-19 messages were sent to the patients, addressing infodemic issues. CONCLUSIONS Although still in the first steps of implementation, we are seeing promising results with a positive uptake by healthcare providers and patients. Further research is planned to evaluate the impact on patient’s health related outcomes. We are confident that this platform could be scaled-up to all primary healthcare centers in Portugal in the next months, ready to tackle a second wave of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Inventory record inaccuracy in supply chains: the role of workers’ behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 796-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfredi Bruccoleri ◽  
Salvatore Cannella ◽  
Giulia La Porta
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Behavioral Decision ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Behavioral Aspects ◽  
Behavioral Issue ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of inventory record inaccuracy due to behavioral aspects of workers on the order and inventory variance amplification. Design/methodology/approach – The authors adopt a continuous-time analytical approach to describe the effect of inbound throughput on the inventory and order variance amplification due to the workload pressure and arousal of workers. The model is numerically solved through simulation and results are analyzed with statistical general linear model. Findings – Inventory management policies that usually dampen variance amplification are not effective when inaccuracy is generated due to workers’ behavioral aspects. Specifically, the psychological sensitivity and stability of workers to deal with a given range of operational conditions have a combined and multiplying effect over the amplification of order and inventory variance generated by her/his errors. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of the research is that the authors model workers’ behavior by inheriting a well-known theory from psychology that assumes a U-shaped relationship between stress and errors. The authors do not validate this relationship in the specific context of inventory operations. Practical implications – The paper gives suggestions for managers who are responsible for designing order and inventory policies on how to take into account workers’ behavioral reaction to work pressure. Originality/value – The logistics management literature does not lack of research works on behavioral decision-making causes of order and inventory variance amplification. Contrarily, this paper investigates a new kind of behavioral issue, namely, the impact of psycho-behavioral aspects of workers on variance amplification.

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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