scholarly journals PRODUCTION COST AND WATER SAVINGS OF PADDY PRODUCED BY DRIP IRRIGATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Ismail Tas
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Cost

Although there are different opinions on climate variability and global warming, it is a common idea in all hypotheses that water will become even more scarce. The water used in the production of paddy, which is one of the most important food sources for the majority of the population in the world, is too much due to the irrigation method. The average global water footprint of paddy production is reported as 1.391 billion m3/year. Considering this amount, it can be seen that paddy has an enormous environmental footprint. Excessive water use causes both waste of scarce resource water and numerous environmental problems during production. The most important reason for flooded production is the ability of paddy to grow/develop in water and to have a less competitive capacity with weeds. However, when rice is grown with drip irrigation, which is one of the irrigation methods that save water with high efficiency, significant increases in both yield and quality occur. Studies are showing that 50-74.6% water saving is achieved in paddy production with drip irrigation depending on the region, climate, soil, variety, producer habits, and similar situations. In addition, the cost of one kilogram of paddy produced in the drip irrigation system in the conditions of Canakkale province of Turkey has been calculated as 0.35 $. This value has been calculated as 0.44 $ in the flooded method. In addition, methane, carbon dioxide, and Nitrous oxide emissions are significantly reduced due to the transition from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. In this way, greenhouse gas emissions, other environmental negative effects, and especially groundwater pollution caused by paddy production can be reduced.

scholarly journals 296 Study of Water Applied on Two Varieties of Honeydew Melons with a Drip Irrigation System

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 442E-442
Author(s):  
Fabián Robles-Contreras ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Annual Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Honeydew Melon ◽  
Commercial Field

In the Caborca area, water scarcity is the main problem for the farmers, because of the depletion of the aquifer. This is the main reason why they are focusing on orchards and vegetables. Melon is the vegetable annual crop more extensively grown in this area and is furrow-irrigated with 120 cm of water. But, because of the scarcity of water, it is necessary to use drip irrigation. The objective of this study was to validate in a commercial field (15 ha) the effects of drip irrigation system on the water use, yield, and quality of two honeydew melon varieties (green flesh and orange flesh) in the Caborca area. Our results indicate that, with 50 cm of water applied, yields were 2146 to 2802 boxes/ha for green flesh and orange flesh, respectively. The predominant sizes were 4s and 5s with 25% and 38% for green flesh, and 5s and 6s with 42% and 36% for orange flesh. These sizes are the best for the exportation market.

scholarly journals Economic efficiency of seedling method of growing Melissa officinalis L. under drip irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
N. Pryvedeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
First Year ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Cost

An economic evaluation of seedling cultivation of lemon balm under drip irrigation was carried out. The profitability of growing the crop with different number of planted plants per unit area is calculated. It was found that the costs in the first year of growing lemon balm can range from 165.5 to 209.4 thousand UAH/ha, for the second year of cultivation from 154.8 to 171.3 thousand UAH/ha. The highest economic indicators were obtained in the variant with a planting density of 55.6 thousand plants/ha, where the level of profitability was 24% in the first year and 118% in the second year of cultivation. The cost structure is analyzed and the factors that most significantly affect the cost of raw materials are identified. The high efficiency of the seedling method of growing lemon balm in the conditions of drip irrigation as a means of intensification of growing technology is proved.

Internet of Things-Based Smart Drip Irrigation Using Arduino

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4598-4603
Author(s):  
Akanksha Kumari ◽  
Prabhat Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
National Income ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Agriculture is one of the primary sectors in the Indian economy. Over the past several years, agricultural scientific techniques and agricultural implements have developed in the region, replacing the traditional method of farming. By which the economic condition of the farmers has improved. In addition, there are still some small farmers in India who use the old traditional methods of farming of agriculture because they do not have the resources to use modern methods. Besides, it is the only region that has contributed not only to the development of itself but also to other areas of the country. Agriculture has a major contribution to the country’s GDP and national income. In addition, it requires a huge manpower and labour which constitutes about 80% of the total workforce. Employees work not only directly but indirectly in the agricultural sector. Irrigation is the use of controlled amounts of water at the required intervals to the plants. Effective irrigation will affect seed development, germination, root growth, utilization of nutrients, plant growth and revival, yield and quality of the entire development process. The farmer knows how much water he has to give to the crop and when crop is to be planted, but the best system of irrigation it is necessary to have the information about use of equipment, plant species, soil structure, soil preparation and It is also important to be aware of all these that at what stage to watering the plant. The aim of this research paper is to describe how the Internet of Things (IoT) framework plays an important role in the field of agriculture. Here to show the importance of IoT in agriculture, we choose “Smart Drip Irrigation System.”

scholarly journals IRRIGAÇÃO LOCALIZADA POR GRAVIDADE COM MICROTUBOS

Irriga ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Otávio Rodrigues de Melo Souza ◽  
Gerardo Felipe Espinoza Pérez ◽  
Tarlei Arriel Botrel
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Great Performance ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Cost

IRRIGAÇÃO LOCALIZADA POR GRAVIDADE COM MICROTUBOS  Rodrigo Otávio Rodrigues de Melo Souza; Gerardo Felipe Espinoza Pérez; Tarlei Arriel BotrelInstituto Centro Tecnológico de Ensino – CENTEC, Fortaleza, CE,  [email protected]  1 RESUMO             Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: dimensionar, implantar e avaliar um sistema de irrigação com microtubos por gravidade; e apresentar o custo do sistema com microtubos comparando-o com o custo do “kit” para irrigação localizada por gravidade, disponível no mercado. O experimento foi dividido em duas etapas, sendo que a primeira consistiu no dimensionamento, elaboração, montagem e avaliação do sistema de irrigação. A segunda etapa consistiu na implantação da cultura da alface em três canteiros, onde em dois canteiros a água foi fornecida por uma caixa d’água elevada a uma altura de1 m e distribuída para as alfaces através dos microtubos. No outro canteiro, a irrigação foi realizada através de um regador. Conforme os resultados observados o sistema obteve ótimo desempenho. Além de aplicar água com 97% de uniformidade de distribuição, também ficou provado que o microtubo foi fabricado com qualidade e uniformidade. O custo total do sistema para a irrigação de 16 canteiros ficou em R$ 466,77. A proposta de utilização do sistema de irrigação localizada com microtubos por gravidade demonstrou ser uma alternativa viável, tanto tecnicamente quanto economicamente, para os pequenos produtores. UNITERMOS: Irrigação por gotejamento, microtubos, baixa pressão  SOUZA, R.O.R. DE M.; PÉREZ, G.F.E.; BOTREL, T.A. GRAVITY TRICKLE IRRIGATION WITH MICROTUBES  2 ABSTRACT             The objectives of this study were to design, implant and evaluate a gravity irrigation system with micro tubes; and to show the cost of the system with micro tubes compared to the cost of the “kit” for gravity drip irrigation commercialized by irrigation companies. The experiment was divided into two phases: the first one consisted of the design, elaboration, assembly and evaluation of the irrigation system, whereas the second one consisted of the implantation of a lettuce culture in three flowerbeds. The water was provided by a1 mhigh water reservoir and distributed to the lettuce culture through micro tubes in two of the flowerbeds. In the other one, the irrigation occurred through a watering can. According to the results, the system achieved a great performance. Besides applying water with 97% distribution uniformity, it has also been proved that the micro tube manufacturing had quality and uniformity. The total cost of the irrigation system implementation in 16 flowerbeds was US$ 190.51. The use of gravity trickle irrigation system with micro tubes turned out to be a possible technical and economic option for small farmers. KEYWORDS: drip irrigation, low pressure, microtubes 

scholarly journals Cost of a drip irrigation system for vegetable farming in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Tillak Persaud ◽  
Megh R. Goyal ◽  
Philippe Bellerive
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
First Year ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pump House

This report presents the cost of a drip irrigation system for vegetable farming in Puerto Rico. The total initial cost of establishing an automatic drip irrigation system on a 4.36 hectare farm was $28,639.03, 10.79% of which was for pump house facilities; 3.1% for filter with accessories; 2.95% for chemigation facilities; 81.38% for in field materials; and 1.75% for installation. The first year cost per hectare was $1,976.72, which included depreciation, interest, maintenance and installation. A computer program was developed to calculate these costs.

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Onion Varieties Under Direct Seed and Transplant Seedling

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 801D-801
Author(s):  
Ruben Macias-Duarte ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras* ◽  
Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Fabian Robles-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Cost

The onion bulb production In Mexico is about 39,000 ha annually. Yield is variable according to the technological capacity and economic condition of the grower. However, The technology adoption (new varieties, efficient irrigation system and establishment methods) is increased during the last years. Traditionally in Mexico the grower use the manual transplant of seedling, that which increases the cost and time of this labor. The objective of the present Experiment was to evaluate Two establishment methods (direct seed and transplant seedling) and the effect on 24 bulb varieties. The evaluation was carried out in INIFAP-CIRNO Experimental Station in furrows with 1.00 m of separation among them, with double row of plants, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus used were 180 and 80 kg·ha-1 respectively, we used the drip irrigation system. In this experiment we observed that the system of direct seed obtained better yield (18%), bulb weight (21%) and precocity (11 days) in comparing to the transplant methods, however in the first treatment the floral stem emission was greater (6.7% vs 1.1%) of the transplant methods. The white varieties with high yield were: White onion 214 and Cal 128 with 71.4 and 65.7 ton/ha. The purple varieties was F1 Cal 192 with 68.3 t·ha-1 and the yellow varieties was Ringer Cal 160 with 63.2 t·ha-1.

scholarly journals FURTHER RESEARCH ON NITROGEN FERTIGATION OF PECANS

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 751b-751
Author(s):  
Ray E. Worley ◽  
Ben G. Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Leaf Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Leaf N

After 10 years, application of 112 kg N/ha, divided into four annual applications and applied through the drip irrigation system (fertigated), provided nut yield and quality as good as 224 kg·ha–1 all broadcast or 1/2 fertigated and 1/2 broadcast. Leaf N was well above the 2.50% deficiency threshold. Treatment rates were halved for six additional years with no detrimental effects on yield and quality from fertigation. All treatments still provided leaf N well above the deficiency threshold. After 16 years of N fertigation there appears to be no serious reduction of pH or flushing of other nutrients from the wetted zone of the emitter. Leaf and soil analysis indicate a loss of Ca and Mg in the area away from the emitter when N was broadcast. Soil pH and nutrients were lower in the wetted zone of the emitter than in the area not wet by the emitter, and soil pH, K, and Mg were reduced in the 15- to 30-cm layer with fertigation. Leaf nutrient concentrations reflected the cation concentrations in the nonwetted area. Broadcast N was from NH4NO3 and fertigated N was from URAN (16% N from NH4NO3 and 16% N from urea).

scholarly journals Effect of Low Cost Drip Tape Irrigation System on Yield and Economics of Sweet Corn

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
HA Archana ◽  
N Asoka Raja ◽  
R Mahesh ◽  
R Kalpana
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Irrigation Levels

A study was conducted to determine the effect of low cost drip tape irrigation system on yield and economics of sweet corn in comparison to conventional inline drip irrigation and surface irrigation systems during 2013-14 at Coimbatore, India. The treatment comprises of two drip irrigation systems with three irrigation levels viz., 75, 100 and 125% of pan evaporation (PE) from Class A Pan evaporimeter. Plant height, fresh cob length, girth, number of kernels per cob and single fresh cob weight and yield were higher at 125% PE in conventional in line drip irrigation system and it was statistically at par with drip irrigation at 125% PE in low cost drip tape irrigation system. Water saving was 36, 49 and 62% at 125, 100 and 75% PE, respectively under conventional in line drip irrigation system and drip tape irrigation system as against the surface irrigation. The cost of low cost drip tape system was 68% lower than the conventional inline drip system. The results of the research indicated that based on net income, B:C ratio and GM/TMV ratio, adoption of low cost drip tape irrigation system at 125% PE was found to be best for small and marginal farmers with substantial yield and income compared to conventional inline drip system.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 71-77

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