scholarly journals Role of Ayurveda in Stress and Related Disorders

Author(s):  
Sangeeta Gupta ◽  
Sarita Yadav ◽  
Arun Gupta

Today is the world of competition and everybody is running day and night to achieve the best in their terms. The mankind is set into a new dimension of time where ceaseless activity throughout is making everybody restless. Overall result is the never ending physical and mental stress coming out in the form of variety of health disorders which can be called as stress related disorders like hypertension, coronary artery disease, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis and behavioral disorders like anxiety and depression. Ayurveda mentions the stress as Sahas and its impacts on the body as aggravation of Vata Dosha and Ojokshaya leading to lowered immunity and resulting number of diseases due to that, it also relates the stress to the degeneration in the body tissues causing early aging and reduced life span. Although Acharya Caraka states that in order to stay healthy and to save the life one should always avoid over-exerting himself, however, in today’s world, stress is an inevitable part of life and so the stress induced diseases. Therefore, instead of looking for the stress avoidance strategy it is important to work on preventing the effects of stress on the body and increasing the coping capacity of the body by life style modifications, dietary interventions and other means. Ayurveda relate the Sahas to Vata aggravation in the body and provides the solution to the problem in the form of Vata balancing diet and activity regimen, Vasti therapy, rejuvenation or Rasayana therapy and application of Yoga and Pranayama.

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1781-1787
Author(s):  
Perry Elliott

Heart failure refers to a state in which the cardiac output, no longer compensated by endogenous mechanisms, fails to meet the metabolic demands of the body. Clinically, it is defined by symptoms of breathlessness, fatigue, fluid retention, and a cardiac structural or functional abnormality. Most cases of heart failure are caused by coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, and valvular heart disease, but the risk of heart failure also depends on genetic predisposition for the causative disorder as well as genetic variation that modulates the maladaptive pathophysiological response to pathophysiological stressors and the response to therapy. In a small, but almost certainly underdiagnosed proportion of cases, heart failure is caused by Mendelian genetic disorders of heart muscle (cardiomyopathies) that are mostly inherited as autosomal dominant traits characterized by locus and allelic heterogeneity and highly variable clinical expression. This chapter briefly reviews the clinical approach to the diagnosis of genetic disorders that cause heart failure and the role of genetic testing in everyday practice.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ernesto Robalino Gonzaga ◽  
Irene Riestra Guiance ◽  
Richard Henriquez ◽  
Gerri Mortimore ◽  
Jan Freeman

Iron is an essential mineral that is vital for growth development, normal cellular function, synthesis of hormones and connective tissue, and most importantly, serves as a component of hemoglobin to carry oxygen to body tissues. The body finely regulates the amount of circulating and stored iron within the body to maintain concentration levels within range for optimal physiologic function. Without iron, the ability for cells to participate in electron transport and energy metabolism decreases. Furthermore, hemoglobin synthesis is altered, which leads to anemia and decreased oxygen delivery to tissue. Problems arise when there is too little or too much iron. This review explores the role of the liver in iron physiology, iron overload and discusses the most common causes of primary and secondary hepatic iron overload.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mesarec ◽  
W. Góźdź ◽  
A. Iglič ◽  
V. Kralj-Iglič ◽  
E. G. Virga ◽  
...  

AbstractRed blood cells (RBCs) are present in almost all vertebrates and their main function is to transport oxygen to the body tissues. RBCs’ shape plays a significant role in their functionality. In almost all mammals in normal conditions, RBCs adopt a disk-like (discocyte) shape, which optimizes their flow properties in vessels and capillaries. Experimentally measured values of the reduced volume (v) of stable discocyte shapes range in a relatively broad window between v ~ 0.58 and 0.8. However, these observations are not supported by existing theoretical membrane-shape models, which predict that discocytic RBC shape is stable only in a very narrow interval of v values, ranging between v ~ 0.59 and 0.65. In this study, we demonstrate that this interval is broadened if a membrane’s in-plane ordering is taken into account. We model RBC structures by using a hybrid Helfrich-Landau mesoscopic approach. We show that an extrinsic (deviatoric) curvature free energy term stabilizes the RBC discocyte shapes. In particular, we show on symmetry grounds that the role of extrinsic curvature is anomalously increased just below the nematic in-plane order-disorder phase transition temperature.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wheeler Torres ◽  
Mervin Chávez-Castillo ◽  
José L. Peréz-Vicuña ◽  
Rubén Carrasquero ◽  
María P. Díaz ◽  
...  

: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which involves a pathological inflammatory response against articular cartilage in multiple joints throughout the body. It is a complex disorder associated with comorbidities such as depression, lymphoma, osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which significantly deteriorate patients’ quality of life and prognosis. This has ignited a large initiative to elucidate the physiopathology of RA, aiming to identify new therapeutic targets and approaches in its multidisciplinary management. Recently, various lipid bioactive products have been proposed to have an essential role in this process; including eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving mediators, phospholipids/sphingolipids, and endocannabinoids. Dietary interventions using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or treatment with synthetic endocannabinoids agonists have been shown to significantly ameliorate RA symptoms. Indeed, the modulation of lipid metabolism may be crucial in the pathophysiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases.


2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (15) ◽  
pp. 3065-3080 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sibelli ◽  
T. Chalder ◽  
H. Everitt ◽  
P. Workman ◽  
S. Windgassen ◽  
...  

BackgroundIt is well established that people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have higher levels of anxiety and depression compared with controls. However, the role of these as risk factors is less clearly established. The aims of this systematic review were to investigate: (1) whether anxiety and/or depression predict IBS onset; (2) the size of the relative risk (RR) of anxiety versus depression in IBS onset. Subgroup analyses explored if methodological factors affected the overall findings.MethodProspective cohort or case–control studies were included if they: (1) focused on the development of IBS in population-based or gastroenteritis cohorts; (2) explored the effects of anxiety and/or depression at baseline as predictors of IBS onset at a future point. In all, 11 studies were included of which eight recruited participants with a gastrointestinal infection. Meta-analyses were conducted.ResultsThe risk of developing IBS was double for anxiety cases at baseline compared with those who were not [RR 2.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58–3.60]. Similar results were found for depression (RR 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–2.96). Anxiety and depression seemed to play a stronger role in IBS onset in individuals with a gastrointestinal infection although this could be attributed to other differences in methodology, such as use of diagnostic interviews rather than self-report.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that self-reported anxiety and depression provide a twofold risk for IBS onset. There is less support for the role of anxiety or depressive disorder diagnosed using clinical interview. These findings may have implications for the development of interventions focused on IBS prevention and treatment.


2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryanne Martin ◽  
Catherine Crane

How do somatic causal attributions for symptoms relate to treatment seeking behaviour in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)? How might a tendency to make somatic attributions influence an individual's cognitive representation of their illness once a diagnosis of IBS is established? In Study 1 attributions about symptoms were investigated in treatment-seekers and non treatment-seekers with IBS. Treatment-seekers had an increased tendency to make somatic attributions for both gastrointestinal symptoms and physiological symptoms characteristic of anxiety and depression, although they did not differ from non treatment-seekers in the severity of these symptoms or in their reports of psychological distress. Treatment-seekers also perceived themselves to be significantly less resistant to illness and to be significantly more likely to have poor health in the future than non treatment-seekers. In Study 2, 20 treatment seekers with chronic symptoms of IBS completed measures of mood and of the degree to which they viewed a range of symptoms as a part of their IBS. Physiological symptoms of anxiety and depression were seen as a part of IBS by a considerable proportion of the sample. Higher levels of depression were associated with an increased tendency to see physiological symptoms of anxiety and depression and even symptoms of colds as “a part of” IBS. It is concluded that a somatic attributional style may contribute both to initial treatment seeking for symptoms of IBS and the subsequent maintenance and exacerbation of the disorder once a diagnosis is established.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushi Bruta ◽  
Vanshika ◽  
Kishnoor Bhasin ◽  
Bhawana

AbstractSerotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)- a neurotransmitter of both the Enteric Nervous System and the Central Nervous System is synthesized by the hydroxylation of L- tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan.Serotonin has been associated with gut functions like assimilation and absorption, alongside the regulation of particle transport and fluid discharge in the gastrointestinal tract and its deficiency is found to be a prominent factor in the prevalence of gut disorders like Irritable Bowel Syndrome.For this review, we assessed the conventional treatment methods of common drugs, with the recently accredited treatment options like dietary regulation, exercise, meditation, and acupuncture. Having found that the most commonly used drugs exhibited various side effects like nausea, fatigue, rash, and dizziness, an in-depth evaluation of different Indian dietary patterns and their respective effects on tryptophan levels has been highlighted to formulate an ideal diet for patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). This review seeks to explore the numerous studies conducted to link IBS with the lack of serotonin production in the body, alongside exploring the evidence associating certain foods with raised tryptophan levels to hypothesize a suitable Indian diet.This review, in its essence, stresses the crucial need for further research on the dietary implications of common Indian foods and their FODMAP (Fermented Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, And Polyols) contents, while underscoring the benefits of using unconventional and natural methods for the treatment of tryptophan-related gut disorders.


2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 4979-4985 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ashok Kumar ◽  
S. Jasper Nirmal Kumar ◽  
S. Dheepak ◽  
T. Venkatesan

The pivotal role of lithium batteries in energy storage is a well known fact. But in today’s fast paced revolutionary world, problems like charge retaining difficulty, excess heat generation, leakage etc make them impossible devices for energy storage. Instead of going in for the conventional lithium batteries, a new battery can be brought into existence which uses the body fluid (blood) as its electrolyte. Inside the mystic human system, during the oxidation process of the carbohydrates we consume, electrons are liberated which may be used to power up a tiny battery inside, the rate of which is controlled by the nanobots. As multifunctionality is the need of the hour, numerous tiny sensors placed inside our body which operate on MEMS technique not only monitors the body tissues but also detects any block in arteries and veins, cancer causing cells and gives suitable command to the nanobots. The rate at which the nanobots clear the imperfection can be made faster by swarm intelligence. The multifunctionality aspect of nanobots is further enhanced as they act as an effective substitute for dialyser and pacemaker.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Lieke L. Schrijvers

Abstract The article presents two case studies of two women who were confronted with a loss of religious authority as they were asked to resign from their lay leading positions after their coming-out as transwomen in the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestant Church in the Netherlands. By focusing on these stories, this article provides further insight into queer lives in Europe starting from the intersections of gender, sexuality and religion. The cases show how the position of transwomen is negotiated by both religious structures as well as by transwomen themselves. The analysis focuses particularly on the interactions between the women and their community and church authorities and examines the use of gender/sexuality terminology, the role of the body, and the individualization of faith. This article brings together insights from religious studies, gender, trans* and queer studies, which allows for a multi-layered understanding of trans* and religion in a European context.


2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Ariyanto Harsono

The immune function is designed to defendthe body in a safe and efficient way againsta variety of dangerous materials includingtoxins and infectious organisms. Mechanical andbiological barriers prevent the penetration ofexogenous material into the body. Only after thesebarriers have been breached and cells have beendirectly attacked does the immune system come intoplay. By a variety of mechanisms, certain immunecells can directly phagocytose and destroy manypathogens. They require the close cooperation ofsomatic cells, which both alert the immune systemthrough alarm signals and later participate in theeffector phase. This first alarm signal can be groupedtogether as “stress signals”, known as the innateimmune response.


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