Allelopathic Potential of Rice Straw Incorporation on Weed Emergence in Rice Cultivars

Laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of in corporation of rice straw on the germination of different rice cultivars viz: ADT 36,ADT 38,ADT49,CO43.Further the allelopathic impact of crop residues on weed count and weed biomass was also registered. Different rates of incorporation was tried and higher the rate of incorporation, higher the inhibitions on rice and weed observations. Reduction in the performance of rice seed germination and growth parameters was observed with increased rice straw incorporation in all the four rice cultivars tried. Perhaps the rice straw incorporation had an influence on the biomass of rice cultivars too. Supporting research evidences also reveals that allelopathic effect of rice straw on rice and weed performance can stand as a remarkable achievement for recycling rice straw in rice producing countries.

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ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj106 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 114-117

Author(s):

Anbarasan R ◽

Prabhakaran J

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Weed Species ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

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Allelopathic potential of Artemisia herba-alba and Anthemis arvensis to control Weeds in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.38150/sajeb.6(3).p95-100 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 95-100

Author(s):

Nadi Awwad Al Harbi

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Weed Management ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Weed Species ◽

Crop Species ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Anthemis Arvensis ◽

Germination And Growth

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potentials for utilization of Artemisia herba-alba and Anthemis arvensis shoot aqueous extract at different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) to suppress the germination and growth of Panicum turgidum and Portulaca oleracea (weeds of crop fields) in Petri dish experiment. Results indicated that the degree of inhibition on seed germination and growth of the recipient species was largely dependent on the concentration of A. herba-alba and A.arvensis shoot aqueous extract. The aqueous extract of A.herba-alba showed the highest allelopathic effect on the germination of the seeds of P. turgidum, (10%,10% and 0%) while the effect of A. arvensis shoot aqueous extract was greater on the germination of the seeds P. oleracea (40%,0% and 0%). Percentage germination of the two selected crop species Triticum aestivum and Hordeum vulgare also de-creased as the A.herba-alba and A.arvensis shoot aqueous extract concentra-tion increased from 1% to 5% (90%,80% and 70%),(40%,40% and 20%). But the inhibition percentage was largely less than that of weed species. The results also showed that H.vulgare was more sensitive than T. aestivum and responds more strongly to the increase of concentration of A. herba-alba shoot aqueous extract . Results also showed that the radicle length of almost all tested species was more sensitive to allelochemicals from A.herba-alba and A.arvensis shoot aqueous extract than plumule length. Therefore, A. herba-alba and A. arvensis shoot aqueous extract may offer promises for their usefulness as a tool for weed management.

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Growth Response of Three Leafy Vegetables to the Allelopathic Effect of Vitellaria paradoxa

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb749666 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 460-463 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olamide O. FOLARIN ◽

Clement O. OGUNKUNLE ◽

Stephen O. OYEDEJI ◽

Saheed KOLAWOLE

Keyword(s):

Growth Response ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽

Loamy Soil ◽

Amaranthus Cruentus ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Celosia Argentea ◽

Plastic Containers

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth response of three leafy vegetables (Celosia argentea, Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochodriacus) to the leaf extract of Vitellaria paradoxa. Forty-five (45) experimental plastic containers were filled with 5 kg of loamy soil each and randomly allocated to the following regimes: control, 20 g, 40 g, 60 g and 80 g of powdered leaves of V. paradoxa, in three (3) replicates for each test crop respectively. It was observed that the response of the three leafy vegetables, grown within different composition of V. paradoxa leaves, are concentration dependent with respect to the studied growth parameters (plant height, leaf number, leaf area, stem girth). This indicated that V. paradoxa has allelopathic potential on the studied vegetables and therefore it could be used for natural weed control.

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Allelopathic Effect of Lantana (Lantana camara) and Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) on Selected Crops

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500076219 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 303-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Ismail B. Sahid ◽

John B. Sugau

Keyword(s):

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Studies ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Full Strength ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Germination And Growth

Laboratory, greenhouse, and field studies were conducted to determine the allelopathic potential of lantana and Siam weed on the germination and growth of five crops. Emergence and dry weight of bioassay species were affected when lantana or Siam weed debris was present on the soil surface or incorporated into the soil. However, presence of Siam weed on the soil surface did not affect dry weight of rape. Emergence and dry weight of crops (except emergence of spinach) were not affected when crops were grown in soil samples collected from beneath field-grown lantana. Dry weight of Chinese cabbage and chilli was reduced when these crops were grown in Siam weed-contaminated soil. Germination of Chinese cabbage, chilli, and rape decreased progressively when exposed to increasing concentrations of aqueous lantana extract. However, the lantana extract at full strength (66.7 g L−1) did not reduce germination of spinach and cucumber seed. Siam weed extract, when applied at full strength to seed of spinach, Chinese cabbage, rape, and chilli, reduced germination by 10, 12, 21, and 19% of control, respectively. Full-strength extract of lantana and Siam weed decreased seedling length and fresh weight of all crops.

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Allelopathic Effect of Parthenium hysterophorus on Germination and Growth of Some Important Crops and Weeds of Economic Importance

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100132 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. HASSAN ◽

H.U. RASHID ◽

A. AMIN ◽

I.A. KHAN ◽

N. SHEHZAD

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Management ◽

Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Invasive Weed ◽

Test Species ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The University ◽

Germination And Growth

ABSTRACT: Parthenium hysterophorus being a declared invasive weed worldwide is threatening the biodiversity of Pakistan. To study its allelopathic potential, laboratory and pots based studies were undertaken during July-August and October-November, 2010 in Weed Research Laboratory, Department of Weed Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The experiments were conducted to investigate the allelopathic effect of parthenium on crops Triticum aestivum, Cicer arietinum and Brassica campestris, and weeds including Avena fatua, Asphodelus tenuifolius and Lolium rigidum The fresh leaves of P.hysterophorus were dried in shade and grinded. The desired quantity of powder was soaked for 16 hr. in the desired quantity of water to make the stock solution of the maximum concentration viz. 75 g L-1. Five seeds of each species were placed in Petri dishes and in pots, extracts were applied when needed. Control (0 g L-1) was also included for comparison. Both experiments were laid out as Factorial in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications and two runs each. Since the statistical differences between the runs were non-significant the data were pooled before subjecting it to ANOVA and mean separation. The differences among the test species and the rates of parthenium extracts were different statistically (P?0.05) for all the traits examined, while for the species x parthenium concentration interaction, the differences were only significant (P?0.05) for plant height in the pot experiment. The results showed that with the increasing concentration of P. hysterophorus, all the parameters studied in the six test species were significantly decreased. Hence, the present study suggests that P. hysterophorus affects the agro-ecosystem and needs to be properly managed, moreover, its allelopathy on weeds is an encouraging finding for the weed managers for the sustainable management of weeds.

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Allelopathic Potential of Medicinal Plants: Costus speciosus Koen ex. Retz and Justicia adhatoda Linn

Journal of Natural History Museum ◽

10.3126/jnhm.v28i0.14168 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 57-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anjana Devkota ◽

Swasti Sharma

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Costus Speciosus ◽

Pea Seedlings ◽

Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽

Justicia Adhatoda ◽

Germination And Growth

The study was carried out to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of rhizome and leaves of Costus speciosus Koen ex. Retz and Justicia adhatoda Linn. respectively on germination and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.) and pea (Pisum sativum Linn.). Effect was assessed by recording their effects on germination and percentage growth of root and hypocotyle of test plants. However, the extent of inhibitory and stimulatory effect of extracts varied with the plant species. The extract reduced the germination of the test seeds. However, root and hypocotyle elongations of wheat and pea seedlings were significantly inhibited by the extract of studied plant parts, with the percentage of inhibition increased as the concentration of the extract increased. The observed allelopathic activity of the extract of both medicinal plants on the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat and pea was attributed to the presence of the allelopathic phytochemicals in medicinal plants. The results showed that Justicia adhatoda Linn. had strong inhibitory effect on germination as well as root and hypocotyls growth of test seeds. Phytochemical screening of both medicinal plants was also carried out by using standard methods. The extract contained alkaloid, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins in different proportions; with more of alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 57-65

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Allelopathic Potential of Rice Cultivars Sowing in Santa Catarina State on Weedy Rice

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i2.16904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 643

Author(s):

Gabriela Hoffmann ◽

Mayra Luiza Schelter ◽

Diogo Luiz Fruet ◽

José Cristimiano Dos Santos Neto ◽

Cleber Daniel De Goes Maciel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Weedy Rice ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Randomized Design

Weedy rice belongs to the same species as grown rice, and because it has similar morphophysiological characteristics, its control is difficult, bringing negative effects to the crop. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the allelopathic potential of the main paddy rice cultivars sowing in Santa Catarina on weedy rice. In the laboratory, with treatments organized in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, the aqueous extract of four paddy rice cultivars (SCSBRS Tio Taka, SCS 116 Satoru, SCS 121 CL and SCS 122 Miura) was evaluated in five concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). In a greenhouse, with treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, the straw allelopathy capacity of the same rice cultivars in two quantities (0.0 and 3.0 t ha-1) was evaluated to suppress germination and weedy rice initial growth. All experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design. In the first assay, the aqueous extract of the paddy rice cultivars used in the state of Santa Catarina did not have an allelopathic effect on weedy rice. In the second assay, it was found that the presence of rice straw reduced the density of weedy rice plants. However, the presence of straw on the soil favored the initial growth of the weed, significantly increasing the plant height, number of leaves per plant and shoot dry biomass.

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Allelopathic Potential of Etlingera coccinea (B.) Sakai & Nagam on Seed Germination and Growth of Mung Bean and Siam Weed

Science Letters ◽

10.24191/sl.v15i2.13829 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 79-89

Author(s):

Mohamad Nadzrin Mohamad Zainurin ◽

◽

Nurfitri Harman ◽

Lo Chor Wai ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Suppressive Effect ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Weed Species ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Germination And Growth

Etlingera coccinea, a native Borneon Zingiberaceae are found to exert allelopathic effect on some weed species. The objective of this study is to investigate the allelopathic effects of hexane (80%), methanol (80%), ethyl acetate (80%) extracts from the dried powder of both stem and leaf of E. coccinea on mung bean (Vigna radiata) and Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata). The phytochemical screening of both stem and leaf crude extracts elicited saponin, tannin, flavonoid, and terpenoid, which are targeted bioactive compounds for allelopathy. The allelopathic activity was assessed by evaluating their effects on seed germination and percentage of radicle and shoot growth. The results showed that both stem and leaf extracts have a suppressive effect on the mung bean development during in-vitro bioassay. The methanolic extracts of both stem and leaf showed the most significant suppression (100%) than other solvent extracts. In the pot experiment, the methanolic stem extracts suppressed the Siam weed’s germination by 57 ± 0.13% and the methanolic leaf extracts suppressed the growth by 46 ± 0.29%. The present study shows that E. coccinea methanolic extract has the potential as bio-herbicide.

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Growth and Molecular Expression of Okra Seeds Interacted with Fourteen Mango Cultivars in Mixed Cropping System

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n8p193 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 193

Author(s):

Ream I. Marzouk ◽

Salama M. El-Darier ◽

Mona E. Mabrouk ◽

Kholod A. Khattab

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Cropping System ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Mixed Cropping ◽

Hypocotyl Length ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Allelopathic Potential

The present study was accomplished to study the effect of fourteen cultivars (Keitt, Ewais, White Succari, Tommy Atkins, Fajri Klan, Zebda, Alphonso, Sedeek, Naomi, Mesk, Baladi Dabsha, Baladi Arnaba, Cobania and Totapuri) of Mangifera indica L. leaves aqueous extracts (MILAE) on germination and some growth parameters as well as seedling protein profile of Hibiscus esculentus L. (okra seeds) in mixed cropping system. The study was extented to characterize and discriminate among the aforementioned cultivars. The allelopathic potential of fourteen cultivars of M. indica leaves aqueous extracts (MILAE) on germination efficiency and growth parameters of H. esculantus L. seeds (as a recipient bioassay material) was completely studied. Hypocotyl length (HL) was more sensitive than radicle length (RL) for all studied cultivars. At the all concentrations level, Mesk cultivar exerted the highest allelopathic effect, while Totapuri cultivar showed the lowest one on the germination percentage (GP), inhibition percentage (IP), the time to get 50% germination (T50), mean germination time (MGT), germination energy (GE), seed germination index (SGI), emergence percentage (EP), mean emergence time (MET), seedling emergence index (EI), seedling vigour index (SVI), hypocotyl (HL) and radicle (RL) lengths, seedling fresh (SFW) and dry (SDW) weights.Seedling protein electrophoresis data revealed that Tommy Atkins cultivar attained the minimum values for both the number of bands and the percentage of polymorphism, 6 bands and 27%, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum values were achieved from both Naomi and Totapuri cultivars, 11 bands and 51%. Reversibly, the genomic template stability (GTS %) oscillated from 32% in Cobania cultivar to 64% in specimen Tommy Atkins cultivar. The resulted dendrograms by using allelopathic and molecular data as well as seedling protein electophoresis ascertains three aggregations. The first assembly includes Sedeek, Naomi and Mesk cultivars. The second gathers Keitt and Ewais cultivars. While, the third clusters Fajri Klan, Zebda and Alphonso cultivars.

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