scholarly journals Airborne Environmental Threats to Health & Wellness-An Integrated Overview

2022 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. (Dr.) S. M. Safdar Ashraf ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Specific Health

Background: The environmental pollution is a growing world problem specifically in developed & developing countries. In these areas G.I.T disorders & diarrheal diseases have replaced by airborne environmental disorders.Methods: Literatures was reviewed on the subject to find out the knowledge regarding Environmental threats of air pollution & its effects on the health of human body. Data and details have been located, selected, extracted and synthesized from different national & international Journals, websites, Proceedings, books, google scholar etc.Result & Conclusion: Changes are taking place in air regularly. Different pollutants are being created from different sources. Indoor air pollution is common among underdeveloped & developing nations. To improve health situation different professional, have to play their roles. Effects of air pollution are sometimes general in nature otherwise may be immediate or delayed. Leading causes of death is cardiovascular diseases like IHD are now being declared as airborne. Emergent airborne diseases are more than 30 like COVID 19 only result in 43.6 lakhs death so far. Toxic & hazardous chemicals are present in air in the form of allergens, neurotoxin, mutagen, carcinogen etc. Air pollutants are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, Benzene, Ozone, Lead, sulphates, SPM etc. Meteorological effects on health are also related with air including season, atmospheric pressure, heat, cold etc. Indoor air pollutants have also specific health effects.

How low-cost air pollution sensors could make homes smarter?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Omidvarborna ◽  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

<p>The majority of people spend most of their time indoors, where they are exposed to indoor air pollutants. Indoor air pollution is ranked among the top ten largest global burden of a disease risk factor as well as the top five environmental public health risks, which could result in mortality and morbidity worldwide. The spent time in indoor environments has been recently elevated due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak when the public are advised to stay in their place for longer hours per day to protect lives. This opens an opportunity to low-cost air pollution sensors in the real-time Spatio-temporal mapping of IAQ and monitors their concentration/exposure levels indoors. However, the optimum selection of low-cost sensors (LCSs) for certain indoor application is challenging due to diversity in the air pollution sensing device technologies. Making affordable sensing units composed of individual sensors capable of measuring indoor environmental parameters and pollutant concentration for indoor applications requires a diverse scientific and engineering knowledge, which is not yet established. The study aims to gather all these methodologies and technologies in one place, where it allows transforming typical homes into smart homes by specifically focusing on IAQ. This approach addresses the following questions: 1) which and what sensors are suitable for indoor networked application by considering their specifications and limitation, 2) where to deploy sensors to better capture Spatio-temporal mapping of indoor air pollutants, while the operation is optimum, 3) how to treat the collected data from the sensor network and make them ready for the subsequent analysis and 4) how to feed data to prediction models, and which models are best suited for indoors.</p>

scholarly journals Associations Between Sub-Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk and Exposure to Residential Indoor Air Pollutants in Healthy Adults in Perth, Western Australia: A Study Protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3548
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Gilbey ◽  
Christopher M. Reid ◽  
Rachel R. Huxley ◽  
Mario J. Soares ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

Background: A growing body of epidemiological and clinical evidence has implicated air pollution as an emerging risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. Whilst individuals spend up to two-thirds of daily time in their domestic residential environment, very few studies have been designed to objectively measure the sub-clinical markers of cardiometabolic risk with exposure to domestic indoor air pollutants. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate associations between the components of domestic indoor air quality and selected sub-clinical cardiometabolic risk factors in a cohort of healthy adults living in Perth, Western Australia. Methods: One hundred and eleven non-smoking adults (65% female) living in non-smoking households who were aged between 35–69 years were recruited for the project. Study subjects were invited to participate in all sections of the study, which included: Domestic indoor air monitoring along with the concurrent 24 h ambulatory monitoring of peripheral and central blood pressure and measures of central hemodynamic indices, standardized questionnaires on aspects relating to current health status and the domestic environment, a 24 h time-activity diary during the monitoring period, and clinic-based health assessment involving collection of blood and urine biomarkers for lipid and glucose profiles, as well as measures of renal function and an analysis of central pulse wave and pulse wave velocity. Results: This study provides a standardized approach to the study of sub-clinical cardiometabolic health effects that are related to the exposure to indoor air pollution. Conclusion: The findings of this study may provide direction for future research that will further contribute to our understanding of the relationship that exists between indoor air pollution and sub-clinical markers of cardiometabolic risk.

Indoor Environment Quality in Modern Life

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Han ◽  
Li Fen Yi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

There is a great improvement in modern people’s working and living environment. As the new building materials and technology appear, it brings some problems to indoor environment. more and more people pay attention to their living conditions especially the quality of indoor environment. Every year ,there are 110,000 people who die from indoor air pollution every year in China, hence indoor air pollution is affecting human health. In this paper, through analysis of the sources, adverse health effects of several common indoor air pollutants, air pollutants are major contributing factors to chronic diseases and mortality. It should be treated urgently with the people’s standard of living improvement.

Research on Indoor Air Pollution Controll in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 525-528
Author(s):  
Yu Guo Zhuo ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Yu Chun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

According to present status in China to controll indoor air pollution should go on from six aspects that are temperature, relative humidity, ventilation, selecting material, purification technology and plant purification. The higher the temperature and relative humidity is, the easier indoor air pollutants are released. Ventilation and selecting material is an efficient way to controll indoor air pollution. Plant purification is a good way to improve the living environment.

Association between human health and indoor air pollution in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Amoatey ◽  
Hamid Omidvarborna ◽  
Mahad Said Baawain ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
Aynul Bari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

AbstractStudies on the assessment of indoor air pollutants in terms of concentration and characterization in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have been recently carried out. This review assesses the health effects associated with indoor air pollution exposures in GCC, including other air pollutants (siloxanes, flame retardants, synthetic phenolic antioxidants) which were not explored in a previous study. In addition, the influence of ventilation conditions due to different indoor environments was also investigated. It was revealed that there is a lack of human health assessment studies on most indoor air pollutants in almost all GCC countries, except the United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, where few attempts were made for some specific pollutants. Commonly reported plausible health effects potentially associated with indoor air pollution were related to respiratory symptoms and sick building syndrome (SBS). Many of the current health assessment studies in GCC countries were based on predictions and/or estimates of exposures rather than clinically based observational studies. Measured ventilation levels and indoor air velocities in most buildings failed to meet the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) threshold limits of 8 L/s/p and 0.18–0.25 m/s, respectively. Additionally, limited studies have investigated respiratory symptoms and SBS potentially attributable to poor ventilation in the region. It is highly recommended that future indoor air quality (IAQ) studies in GCC should focus more on epidemiologic and intervention studies.

Recent progress on removal of indoor air pollutants by catalytic oxidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
Guoqing Zhao ◽  
Jiao Zou ◽  
Taiheng Zhang ◽  
Caifeng Li ◽  
Shu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants ◽  
Oxidation Mechanisms

AbstractIndoor air pollutant is a serious problem due to its wide diversity and variability. The harmful substances from construction materials and decorative materials may make the indoor air pollution become more and more serious and cause serious health problems. In this paper, the review summarizes the advanced technologies for the removal of indoor air pollutants and the development in the treatment of indoor air pollution by catalytic oxidation technologies. Meanwhile, some catalytic oxidation mechanisms of indoor air pollutants are proposed in detail, and suggestions for the indoor air pollution treatment are also presented, in order to provide some reference for subsequent research.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Indoor Air Pollutants From Finishing Material of New Apartments at Business Bay, Dubai

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuloh Jung ◽  
Nahla Al Qassimi ◽  
Mohammad Arar ◽  
Jihad Awad
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Small Chamber ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

Due to fast economic development, Dubai has built many high-rise apartments in a short period of time. The Dubai Municipality attempts to control indoor air quality with strict regulations, but the detailed provisions are still not comprehensive. The objective of this paper is to conduct on-site measurements for new high-rise apartments before moving on to investigate indoor air pollution and to analyze pollutant emissions by type of finishing material. As a methodology, on-site measurements were conducted fornine different housing units (three lower, three middle, and three higher floors) before moving on to investigate the status of indoor air pollution in new apartments. Based on the on-site measurements data, lab experiments with a small chamber for the same finishing materials from the most polluted housing unit (a lower two bedroom unit) were conducted to measure the emission of pollutants over 30 days. The result shows that the average of CH2O (64.4 μg/m3 for studio, 64.5 μg/m3 for one bedroom, and 83.4 μg/m3 for two bedroom) was lower than the standard (100 μg/m3) in all units, while the average TVOC (520.1 μg/m3 in the studio, 509.5 μg/m3 in one bedroom, and 754.7 μg/m3 in two bedroom) exceeded the standard (500 μg/m3) in most of the units. It was proven that regarding the CH2O, silk wallpaper, initial wallpaper, and wallpaper adhesive had the highest emissions and for the TVOC, tile and tile adhesive had the highest emission. During small chamber experiments, CH2O and TVOC emissions tended to decrease gradually over time, but the emission amount changed significantly in high pollutant emission material especially from day 1–10. Therefore, Dubai municipality should establish the regulation for residents to move into their new apartment after at least 10 days to avoid the high polluted emission from the curing process of the interior finishing material.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and Eco-Costs of Air Cleaners in Terms of Improving Fungal Air Pollution in Dwellings Located in Southern Poland—A Preliminary Study

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1255
Author(s):  
Ewa Brągoszewska ◽  
Magdalena Bogacka ◽  
Krzysztof Pikoń
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Airborne Fungi ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Air Cleaners ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

Epidemiological evidence shows that air pollution is responsible for several million premature deaths per year. By virtue of being responsible for these deaths, economic evidence shows that air pollution also imposes a so-called economic cost to society of several trillion dollars per year. The diseases caused by biological air pollutants are of primary global concern for both social and economic reasons, and given that people may spend more than 90% of their time in enclosed spaces, the investigation into methods to remove indoor air pollutants is of paramount importance. One of the methods to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) is to use air cleaners (ACLs) with high-efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) that remove biological indoor air pollutants from indoor environments. This work presents the results of a study of fungal aerosol samples collected during the summer season from inside two dwellings (DG1 and DG2) before and after starting the use of ACLs. The fungal aerosol samples collected from each of the six stages of the sampler were incubated on agar plates at 26 °C, and the colony forming units (CFU) were manually counted and statistically corrected. The concentration of living airborne fungi was expressed as the CFU in the volume of air (CFU·m−3). The average concentration of fungal aerosol decreased the most when the ACLs were active for 24 min. The reduction was from 474 CFU·m−3 to 306 CFU·m−3, and from 582 CFU·m−3 to 338 CFU·m−3 in DG1 and DG2, respectively. The use of ACLs was assessed by the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. This study highlights the benefits of controlling biological air pollutants in order to keep occupants of buildings happy and healthy.

scholarly journals Air Pollution, Road Proximity, Greenspace, Indoor Air Pollution and Reduced Lung Function Incidence in Children : A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Zhang ◽  
Yuming Wang ◽  
Lihong Feng ◽  
Changchun Hou ◽  
Qing Gu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives Reduced lung function during childhood could substantially influence the health states of the respiratory system in adults, so, the relationships between air pollution, road proximity, greenspace, indoor air pollution and reduced lung function incidence in children were investigated in this study. Methods The lung function of children was tested every year from 2015 to 2018 and the method of case-control study was applied. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize confounding bias and the conditional logistic regression model was carried out to evaluate the effects of indoor and outdoor environmental risk factors on reduced lung function of children. Results Each-one quartile increment in the mixture of the six air pollutants at lag1, lag2 and lag3 periods were related to 46.2%, 9.57% and 8.28% increased risk levels of getting the unhealthy outcome. The protective effect of greenness at lag2 period (Odds ratios (OR) = 0.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0–0.02)) was stronger than that at lag1 period (OR = 0.03 (95% CI: 0.01–0.05)). Conclusions Separate and combined effects of most air pollutants at different lag periods represented the hazard effects to the lung function of students. And the distance band of 101–200 m between the home address of each student and the major road could be detrimental to the health of the lung of children significantly. Exposure levels of greenness had protective effects on lung health for students. Only the indoor factor of secondhand smoke exposure was significantly associated with an elevated risk of having reduced lung function.

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