scholarly journals Efectos de la suplementación con zumo de remolacha sobre la respuesta neuromuscular: revisión sistemática (Effect of beet juice supplementation (BJ) on neuromuscular response: a systematic review)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Ramos Álvarez ◽  
Juan José Montoya Miñano ◽  
Francisco Miguel Tobal ◽  
Pablo Jodrá Jiménez ◽  
Raul Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Ergogenic Effect ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

  El zumo de remolacha (ZR) es una fuente nutricional rica en nitrato (NO3-) que, una vez ingerido, es reducido a óxido nítrico (ON). El ON posee efectos hipotensores, anti-inflamatorios y provoca mejoras en la eficiencia mitocondrial y en la regulación de la contractilidad muscular. Distintas investigaciones han comprobado que la suplementación con ZR presenta un efecto ergogénico en modalidades de resistencia cardiorrespiratoria y esfuerzos explosivos e intermitentes de alta intensidad. Sin embargo, dado que ninguna revisión ha valorado el efecto de la suplementación con ZR sobre la producción de fuerza muscular, el objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es analizar el efecto de la suplementación con ZR sobre el rendimiento en la fuerza muscular. La búsqueda mediante palabras clave y conectores booleanos se realizó en las bases de datos Dialnet, Directory of Open Access Journals, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus y SPORTDiscus. La estrategia de búsqueda empleada fue la siguiente: (nitrate OR beet*) AND (concepto 2) (supplement* OR nutr* OR diet*) AND (concepto 3) (strength OR "resistance exercise" OR "resistance training" OR "muscular power"). Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, un total de 14 artículos fueron seleccionados para la revisión. En la revisión se ha comprobado como la suplementación con ZR puede tener un efecto ergogénico sobre la producción de fuerza muscular bajo estimulación eléctrica, así como sobre la producción de potencia sobre contracciones isocinéticas únicamente a altas velocidades angulares, siendo el mecanismo explicativo una potenciación de la capacidad contráctil específicamente en las fibras musculares tipo II. Abstract. Beet juice (BJ) is a nutritional source rich in nitrate (NO3-) which, after ingestion, is reduced to nitric oxide (NO). NO has effects such as reduction in arterial pressure, anti-inflammatory effects, enhancement of mitochondrial efficiency, and regulation of muscle contractility. Different studies have reported that BJ supplementation has an ergogenic effect in modalities of cardiorespiratory endurance and explosive and intermittent high intensity efforts. Nevertheless, no review has assessed the effect of BJ supplementation on muscle strength production. Thus, the objective of this systematic review is to analyse the effect of BJ supplementation on muscle strength performance. The search using keywords and Boolean connectors was carried out in the databases Dialnet, Directory of Open Access Journals, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. The search strategy used was the following: (nitrate OR beet *) AND (concept 2) (supplement * OR nutr * OR diet *) AND (concept 3) (strength OR "resistance exercise" OR "resistance training" OR "muscular power "). After the application of the inclusion criteria, a total of 14 articles were selected for review. The review has shown how BJ supplementation can have an ergogenic effect on the production of muscle strength under electrical stimulation, as well as on the production of power over isokinetic contractions only at high angular speeds, the explanatory mechanism being a potentiation of the contractile capacity specifically in type II muscle fibers.

scholarly journals Entrenamiento de fuerza con bandas elásticas en niños y adolescentes: una revisión sistemática (Resistance training using elastic band in children and adolescents. A systematic review)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Belén Lagares Vázquez ◽  
Jose Antonio Rebollo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

  El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática para conocer el estado actual de los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza a partir de dispositivos elásticos en niños y adolescentes. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Web of Science y Pubmed. De los 38 resultados iniciales, se seleccionaron 8 artículos que cumplían los criterios de elegibilidad establecidos con anterioridad. Para realizar esta revisión sistemática se empleó la declaración PRISMA. Los resultados mostraron mejoras en la fuerza muscular y en diversas variables de salud y rendimiento. El entrenamiento con estos dispositivos obtuvo mejoras en la capacidad de sprint, salto vertical, cambio de dirección y sentadilla. Además, también se hallaron mejoras en la composición corporal, en el equilibrio, en la prevención de lesiones y una mayor adherencia al programa de ejercicio físico. En la actualidad existe una disminución de la fuerza muscular en población infantil y adolescente a nivel mundial. Esta situación puede derivar en problemas adversos para la salud. El entrenamiento de fuerza con bandas elástica se presenta como una herramienta útil y eficaz tanto en el contexto escolar como deportivo. No obstante, son necesarios más estudios que muestren los beneficios del entrenamiento de fuerza a partir de este recurso con el fin de establecer estrategias para mejorar la salud y calidad de vida en esta población.  Abstract. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review to determine the current status of the effects of resistance training using elastic devices in children and adolescents. The search was performed in the Web of Science and Pubmed databases. Of the 38 initial results, 8 articles were selected that met the previously established eligibility criteria. The PRISMA statement was used to conduct this systematic review. The results showed improvements in muscle strength and in various health and performance variables. Training with these devices obtained improvements in sprint, vertical jump, change of direction and squat. In addition, improvements in body composition, balance, injury prevention and increased adherence to the physical exercise programme were also found. There is currently a worldwide decline in muscle strength in children and adolescents. This situation can lead to adverse health problems. Strength training with elastic bands is presented as a useful and effective tool in both school and sports contexts. However, more studies are needed to show the benefits of strength training from this resource in order to establish strategies to improve health and quality of life in this population.

scholarly journals Síndrome de Burnout en docentes de Latinoamérica: Una revisión sistemática

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-279
Author(s):  
Yuranny Alejandra Tabares-Díaz ◽  
Viviana Alexandra Martínez-Daza ◽  
Sonia Maritza Matabanchoy-Tulcán
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

Introducción: El Síndrome de Burnout (SB) se entiende como un fenómeno que incluye cansancio emocional, despersonalización y reducida realización personal, generando consecuencias multivariadas a nivel físico, psicológico, social y laboral. Objetivo: Identificar la producción bibliográfica en Latinoamérica sobre el SB en docentes en el período comprendido entre los años 2008 a 2018. Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática de literatura basada en las directrices PRISMA-P. Se realizó un rastreo bibliográfico de publicaciones en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, Directory of Open Access Journals y EBSCOhost, utilizando las palabras clave: Burnout AND docentes y sus expresiones equivalentes en inglés. Resultados: Se seleccionaron un total de 53 artículos, evidenciando una mayor proporción de publicaciones en Brasil, en los años 2017, 2014 y 2018, en muestras mayoritariamente de docentes de instituciones de educación básica, con predominio de estudios cuantitativos centrados en el análisis de variables relacionadas al SB. Conclusiones: Las investigaciones sobre SB se focalizan sólo en algunos países latinoamericanos, con alcances paradigmáticos y metodológicos específicos, señalando la necesidad de realizar estudios primarios sobre dicho fenómeno.

scholarly journals Resistance Exercise-Induced Apelin Is Not Modulated by Higher Dietary Protein Density in Overweight Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
Colleen McKenna ◽  
Amadeo Salvador ◽  
Alexander Keeble ◽  
Rafael Alamilla ◽  
Susannah Scaroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Protein Density ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Plasma Apelin

Abstract Objectives Apelin is a putative exercise-sensitive myokine that has been shown to be associated with physical independence during aging. Physical performance is highly dependent on muscle strength, with a clear role of dietary protein (i.e., > Recommended Dietary Allowance) for the maintenance of age-related muscle strength. However, the influence of dietary protein density on exercise-induced apelin remains unknown. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate plasma apelin concentrations and its relationship with muscle strength in middle-aged adults consuming differential amounts of animal-based protein during progressive resistance training. Methods 41 overweight middle-aged adults (50 ± 2 y, BMI 28 ± 1 kg · m−2, M = 19, F = 22) were stratified and randomized to consume either high protein (1.68 ± 0.06 g · kg−1·d−1) or moderate amounts of animal-based protein (1.16 ± 0.04 g · kg−1·d−1) during a 10-week weight-maintenance nutrition counseling-controlled resistance training program. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength was assessed by one-repetition maximum (1RM) and isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) at 60° knee angle. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at baseline and post-intervention. Results Main effects of time were observed for increases in lean body mass (P = 0.003), upper and lower body 1RM (all P ≤ 0.001), isometric MVC (P = 0.013), and plasma apelin concentrations (P = 0.007). There were no changes in body adiposity or glucose-insulin regulation (e.g., HOMA-IR, Matsuda) with the intervention (all P ≥ 0.152). Apelin was positively and significantly associated with isometric MVC (extension: r = 0.233, P = 0.047; flexion: r = 0.308, P = 0.008), but not 1RM. Conclusions Our results show that resistance training increases circulating apelin concentrations which is related to isometric strength gain. However, higher consumption of animal-based protein foods does not potentiate these resistance-exercise induced adaptations in overweight middle-aged adults. Funding Sources Funded in part by the Beef Checkoff. CFM funded by JBT Fellowship, UIUC.

scholarly journals Preserved Capacity for Adaptations in Strength and Muscle Regulatory Factors in Elderly in Response to Resistance Exercise Training and Deconditioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Mæchel Fritzen ◽  
Frank D. Thøgersen ◽  
Khaled Abdul Nasser Qadri ◽  
Thomas Krag ◽  
Marie-Louise Sveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Myogenic Regulatory Factors ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Muscle Regulatory Factors

Aging is related to an inevitable loss of muscle mass and strength. The mechanisms behind age-related loss of muscle tissue are not fully understood but may, among other things, be induced by age-related differences in myogenic regulatory factors. Resistance exercise training and deconditioning offers a model to investigate differences in myogenic regulatory factors that may be important for age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Nine elderly (82 ± 7 years old) and nine young, healthy persons (22 ± 2 years old) participated in the study. Exercise consisted of six weeks of resistance training of the quadriceps muscle followed by eight weeks of deconditioning. Muscle biopsy samples before and after training and during the deconditioning period were analyzed for MyoD, myogenin, insulin-like growth-factor I receptor, activin receptor IIB, smad2, porin, and citrate synthase. Muscle strength improved with resistance training by 78% (95.0 ± 22.0 kg) in the elderly to a similar extent as in the young participants (83.5%; 178.2 ± 44.2 kg) and returned to baseline in both groups after eight weeks of deconditioning. No difference was seen in expression of muscle regulatory factors between elderly and young in response to exercise training and deconditioning. In conclusion, the capacity to gain muscle strength with resistance exercise training in elderly was not impaired, highlighting this as a potent tool to combat age-related loss of muscle function, possibly due to preserved regulation of myogenic factors in elderly compared with young muscle.

scholarly journals Influence of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on skeletal muscle adaptations to resistance exercise in older adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (3) ◽  
pp. R655-R662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Trappe ◽  
Chad C. Carroll ◽  
Jared M. Dickinson ◽  
Jennifer K. LeMoine ◽  
Jacob M. Haus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Cox 1

Evidence suggests that consumption of over-the-counter cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors may interfere with the positive effects that resistance exercise training has on reversing sarcopenia in older adults. This study examined the influence of acetaminophen or ibuprofen consumption on muscle mass and strength during 12 wk of knee extensor progressive resistance exercise training in older adults. Thirty-six individuals were randomly assigned to one of three groups and consumed the COX-inhibiting drugs in double-blind placebo-controlled fashion: placebo (67 ± 2 yr; n = 12), acetaminophen (64 ± 1 yr; n = 11; 4 g/day), and ibuprofen (64 ± 1 yr; n = 13; 1.2 g/day). Compliance with the resistance training program (100%) and drug consumption (via digital video observation, 94%), and resistance training intensity were similar ( P > 0.05) for all three groups. Drug consumption unexpectedly increased muscle volume (acetaminophen: 109 ± 14 cm3, 12.5%; ibuprofen: 84 ± 10 cm3, 10.9%) and muscle strength (acetaminophen: 19 ± 2 kg; ibuprofen: 19 ± 2 kg) to a greater extent ( P < 0.05) than placebo (muscle volume: 69 ± 12 cm3, 8.6%; muscle strength: 15 ± 2 kg), when controlling for initial muscle size and strength. Follow-up analysis of muscle biopsies taken from the vastus lateralis before and after training showed muscle protein content, muscle water content, and myosin heavy chain distribution were not influenced ( P > 0.05) by drug consumption. Similarly, muscle content of the two known enzymes potentially targeted by the drugs, COX-1 and -2, was not influenced ( P > 0.05) by drug consumption, although resistance training did result in a drug-independent increase in COX-1 (32 ± 8%; P < 0.05). Drug consumption did not influence the size of the nonresistance-trained hamstring muscles ( P > 0.05). Over-the-counter doses of acetaminophen or ibuprofen, when consumed in combination with resistance training, do not inhibit and appear to enhance muscle hypertrophy and strength gains in older adults. The present findings coupled with previous short-term exercise studies provide convincing evidence that the COX pathway(s) are involved in the regulation of muscle protein turnover and muscle mass in humans.

scholarly journals Aplicación de las TICs en el sector educativo: una revisión de la literatura científica de los últimos 5 años

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Axel Gutiérrez-Palomino ◽  
Steven Brandhon Ludeña-Gavino ◽  
Rosalynn Ornella Flores-Castañeda ◽  
María Eudelia Acuña-Meléndez ◽  
Sandro Olaya-Cotera
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar y recopilar la información de los estudios teóricos y empíricos sobre la aplicación de las TICs en el sector educativo en los últimos 5 años. En esta revisión sistemática, se consideraron 61 artículos, de los cuales solo 30 se encuentran alineados con el objetivo planteado. Asimismo, se hace mención que existen más de 10 bases de datos con acceso a este tema; sin embargo, cierto número de ellas presentan algunas limitaciones, en cuanto a su enfoque y aplicación. No obstante, se hizo uso solamente algunas de ellas, las cuales fueron Proquest Central, Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet y Ebsco (Fuente Académica Premier, Education Source, Complementary Index, OpenAIRE y Open Access Journals). En los resultados se estableció que la aplicación de TICs en el sector educativo es un enfoque prometedor, porque tanto los estudiantes como la plana docente que utilizan estos instrumentos tecnológicos tienen una cierta ventaja sobre aquellos que no. Se concluye que las TICs han revolucionado al ámbito de la educación de manera favorable, cambiando por completo la metodología de enseñanza tradicional; debido a esto, hoy en día existen escenarios en los cuales la plana docente y el alumnado trabajan haciendo uso de estos medios, creando así competencias tecnológicas.

scholarly journals The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259574
Author(s):  
Leonardo Peterson dos Santos ◽  
Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo ◽  
Thiago Rozales Ramis ◽  
Juliana Katarina Schoer Portes ◽  
Rafael Mendonça da Silva Chakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity

Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and osteoarthritis(OA) patients showed systemic manifestations that may lead to a reduction in muscle strength, muscle mass and, consequently, to a reduction in functionality. On the other hand, moderate intensity resistance training(MIRT) and high intensity resistance training(HIRT) are able to improve muscle strength and muscle mass in RA and OA without affecting the disease course. However, due to the articular manifestations caused by these diseases, these patients may present intolerance to MIRT or HIRT. Thus, the low intensity resistance training combined with blood flow restriction(LIRTBFR) may be a new training strategy for these populations. Objective To perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to verify the effects of LIRTBFR on muscle strength, muscle mass and functionality in RA and OA patients. Materials and methods A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials(RCTs), published in English, between 1957–2021, was conducted using MEDLINE(PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Library. The methodological quality was assessed using Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2.0. Mean difference(MD) or standardized mean difference(SMD) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) were pooled using a random-effects model. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Five RCTs were included. We found no significant differences in the effects between LIRTBFR, MIRT and HIRT on muscle strength, which was assessed by tests of quadriceps strength(SMD = -0.01[-0.57, 0.54], P = 0.96; I² = 58%) and functionality measured by tests with patterns similar to walking(SMD = -0.04[-0.39, 0.31], P = 0.82; I² = 0%). Compared to HIRT, muscle mass gain after LIRTBFR was reported to be similar. When comparing LIRTBFR with low intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction(LIRT), the effect LIRTBFR was reported to be higher on muscle strength, which was evaluated by the knee extension test. Conclusion LIRTBFR appears to be a promising strategy for gains in muscle strength, muscle mass and functionality in a predominant sample of RA and OA women.

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