Effects of drug abuse and mental disorders on oral health: a case report

2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Ortiz Magdaleno ◽  
Gabriel Romo Ramirez

Substance use disorders, related to mental health issues can lead to oral pathologies. The purpose of this case report was to identify the oral conditions and manifestations in a 28-year-old male narco-dependent schizophrenic who smoked tobacco and marijuana. In intra-oral clinical exploration, poor oral hygiene, excessive tartar formation and dental plaque were observed, and the diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis was established. The choice of a treatment plan in such patients is complex because the consequences of an invasive treatment can aggravate the psychological state and emotional stability leading to a negative effect on behaviour and mental health due to edentulism. The effects of excessive drug consumption related to schizophrenia can cause poor oral hygiene habits leading to oral pathologies and the loss of teeth. Keywords: drugs, schizophrenia, oral manifestations, mental health, oral pathologies.

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Junhee Kho ◽  
Howon Park ◽  
Juhyun Lee ◽  
Hyunwoo Seo

The loosely structured periodontal ligament and low mineralized bone surrounding erupting teeth provide minimal resistance to an extrusive force. The maxillary central incisors are the most frequently avulsed due to trauma. The prognosis of replanted teeth is affected by extra-alveolar period and conditions. Implant-supported restorations are contraindicated in adolescent patients with poor prognosis traumatized teeth. Autotransplantation of premolar to the anterior region provides a viable treatment alternative.<br/>This case report describes the autotransplantation of premolars and esthetic rehabilitation in a teenage patient with traumatized incisors, poor oral hygiene, and severe crowding. Comprehensive and long-term treatments were performed to improve complex and challenging oral problems.


F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Prashant Pant ◽  
Oshan Shrestha ◽  
Pawan Budhathoki ◽  
Nebula Devkota ◽  
Prabin Kumar Giri ◽  
...  

Ludwig’s angina (LA) is a rapidly spreading and potentially life-threatening infection having an odontogenic infection as the most common source. It involves the floor of the mouth and neck. Modernization in medical care has made this entity rare and of low mortality at the present but it is still feared as a lethal entity due to rapidly progressive airway obstruction that follows. Here we report a case of a 15-year-old male who suffered from LA. Presenting symptoms and findings of the examination helped in the clinical diagnosis. Immediate intubation, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and treatment of complications aided the patient’s recovery. LA should be considered for differential diagnosis in the case of neck swelling especially in those having a history of poor oral hygiene and recent dental procedures. Management of LA and its complications should always involve doctors from multiple disciplines.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 390-393
Author(s):  
Ömer Birkan Ağrali ◽  
Gamze Kavuncu ◽  
Filiz Namdar Pekiner ◽  
Cuyan Demirkesen ◽  
Leyla Kuru

Objective:  In this case report, both the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris and the periodontal treatment approach including the use of local/systemic medications are presented. Case Presentation: 36-year-old female patient applied to the periodontology clinic with complaints of burning mouth and pain. Physical examination revealed cutaneous blisters on nose, hand and fingers while intra-oral examination showed widespread desquamation and ulcers depending on PV and severe gingival inflammation due to the lack of oral hygiene and oral PV. Initial periodontal treatment (IPT) was implemented to the patient along with local and systemic medications. Periodontal parameters including plaque Index (PI), gingival Index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded before and six weeks after IPT.  Periodontal treatment procedures did not cause any negative effect on the lesions. Six weeks following IPT and the use systemic medications, all clinical parameters improved significantly. Furthermore, lesions including mucosal blisters and desquamations partially recovered, the patient started to perform oral hygiene more effectively. It was concluded that atraumatic and non-invasive periodontal treatment supported by the use of local/systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive medications was efficient on controlling of widespread desquamations and gingival inflammation of PV patients. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Cendranata Wibawa Ongkowijoyo ◽  
Sukaton Sukaton ◽  
Veronica Regina Rosselle

Background: Dental hard tissue loss renders a tooth restorable or unrestorable. The treatment ranges from endodontic treatment to dental implant. Sometimes patients in need to restore their oral function and esthetics cannot afford those treatments due to a limited financial capability and time availability. Purpose: This case report presents a minimal invasive, single appointment, quick, and affordable alternative treatment to restore morphology, function, and esthetics. Case: A 40 years old male patient suffered enamel-dentin-pulp fracture on central incisor due to trauma. Eventhough the fracture involves pulp exposure, it remains vital. The tooth lacks sound tooth structure for ferrule effect. The patient wished to retain the tooth. Therefore, initial treatment plan comprised of reestablishing ferrule effect, root canal treatment, endodontic post, and porcelain crown. Nevertheless, due to financial and time constraint, patient refused the suggested treatment plan; thus, direct resin composite bridge was suggested. Case Management: Isolation is followed by calcium hydroxide capping of the exposed pulp. After application of etch and adhesive bonding to tooth 11, 21, and 22, nanohybrid resin composite was layered to fabricate the direct composite bridge, bonded to 11 and 21, with the following layering sequence: 1) palatal; 2) proximal; 3) body; 4) labial. The procedure took 1 hour to restore tooth morphology, function, and esthetics. Upon five years follow-up, the tooth remains asymptomatic. The direct resin composite bridge has been serving well. Conclusion: Direct resin composite bridges can be an affordable, quick, and minimal invasive treatment modality resulting in satisfactory esthetics, function, and longevity.


Author(s):  
Harshitha K.S ◽  
Shankar Gautam ◽  
Ram Kishor Joshi ◽  
Ajay Kumar Sahu

Introduction: Beyond infection, the COVID-19 pandemic has also affected individuals through associated mental illnesses like anxiety and stress and has caused a collateral damage. Ayurveda has described 3 main factors which are responsible for the occurrence of diseases, one of them is Prajnaparadha, which is stated as the main cause for all the mental illness. The threefold treatment principles of Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya and Satvavajaya targeting the Ahara, Achara and Chesta is an ideal plan to deal with stress built up in this pandemic. Materials and methods: The Ayurvedic classical textbooks and the peer reviewed articles focusing mental health researches were reviewed. This plan involves the implementation of Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashaya and Satvavajaya based on the exposure and exhibition of symptoms of COVID-19. Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa is employed by Vishnusahasranama recitation/listening, Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa is employed by the various drugs like Bramhi, Shankapushpi, Ashwagandha etc. and formulations which have psycho-neuro-immune-response, Satvavajaya Chikitsa by the process of counseling. Results and Discussion: The interdependent nature of immunity and psychological state is already well established and it decides the outcome of disorders. An immune response can be largely affected by mental well-being and mental illness can negatively affect its outcome. Conclusion: The three fold treatment plan centering the pshycho-neuro-immune action is a complete health promotive, preventive and curative plan and will certainly help in the revival of mental health in the times and after the COVID-19 pandemic.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Parchani ◽  
K Vidhya ◽  
Prasan Kumar Panda ◽  
Vikram Singh Rawat ◽  
Yogesh Arvind Bahurupi ◽  
...  

Background Disease pandemics are known to cause psychological distress. The ensuing mental health issues are not only restricted to the patients and their relatives/friends but affect the healthcare workers (HCWs) as well. Our study aims to assess these psychological trends during the COVID-19 pandemic between the two most affected population groups, that is, patients and frontline healthcare workers. Methods A survey questionnaire including scales to assess fear, anxiety, stress, depression - PSS 10, and DASS 21 was distributed and sent to all COVID-19 suspected/confirmed individuals and healthcare workers at a tertiary care center along with a second visit after 14 days of answering the first questionnaire and this continued as follow up. Data were analyzed with the SPSS Version 23 using various tests of significance. Results In the community, COVID-19 patients in the age group 41-50 with respiratory tract symptoms and those who were home isolated/quarantined experienced a greater tendency of mental health problems. Healthcare workers posted in COVID-19 designated areas of the hospital displayed higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion The high degree of uncertainty associated with novel pathogens has a profound effect on the psychological state of suspected/confirmed cases as well as healthcare workers. Within the community, individuals suspected of having COVID-19 display a significant mental health burden, while HCWs also experience an unprecedented amount of stress during such enduring situations.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Đorđević ◽  
Mirko Mikić ◽  
Jelena Stanišić ◽  
Filip Đorđević

SummaryBackground/Aim: Implant treatment expands extensively the possibilities of prosthetic treatment, which provide benefits, bigger comfort as well as general improvement of the patient’s life quality. In cases with no possibility of implantation, it is possible to improve conditions by using modern methods for bone tissue repair. One of factors important for the long-term success is proper oral hygiene, as well as raising awareness of its importance to patients. The aim of the paper is to present a patient rehabilitated with multiple implants and followed-up for a five-year period, and to point out the importance of raising patient’s awareness and motivation in order to preserve the results of the treatment.Case Report: A 31-year-old patient was admitted to the oral surgery clinic for rehabilitation of a poor oral health status. After taking history, clinical examination and additional analysis, the following treatment plan was suggested: to remove impacted upper canines and to put an implant supported by fixed prosthesis in the upper jaw, to make two implants supported by bridges laterally and one dental supported by bridge in the inter-canine sector in the lower jaw. The treatment was carried out in several stages that involved extraction of residual roots and impacted teeth, augmentation of bone defects with bone substitutes and bio-absorbable membranes, placing implant, and prosthetic rehabilitation. By verbal communication with the patient, we pointed out the importance of proper oral hygiene and regular check-ups. The five year follow-up showed the absence of factors that could adversely affect the success of the treatment, and the patient was still highly motivated to maintain proper oral hygiene.Conclusions: It is possible to achieve predictable results in complex cases by using a multiphase prosthetic treatment supported by implants. Concerning a long-term success, motivation, proper information and patient’s willingness to cooperate play an important role.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Yingbo Xu ◽  
Danni Ma

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions, including national lockdown, social distancing, compulsory quarantine, and organizational measures of remote working, are imposed in many countries and organizations to combat the coronavirus. The various restrictions have caused different impacts on the employees' mental health worldwide. The purpose of this mini-review is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on employees' mental health across the world. We searched articles in Web of Science and Google Scholar, selecting literature focusing on employees' mental health conditions under COVID-19 restrictions. The findings reveal that the psychological impacts of teleworking are associated with employees' various perceptions of its pros and cons. The national lockdown, quarantine, and resuming to work can cause mild to severe mental health issues, whereas the capability to practice social distancing is positively related to employees' mental health. Generally, employees in developed countries have experienced the same negative and positive impacts on mental health, whereas, in developing countries, employees have reported a more negative effect of the restrictions. One explanation is that the unevenly distributed mental health resources and assistances in developed and developing countries.


Author(s):  
Albandri Alowid ◽  
Bashayer Helaby ◽  
Lujain Alqarni

This report presents a rare case of multiple Cl.VI carious lesions developed in a young female patient due to full-time wearing of an Essix retainer combined with poor oral hygiene and high acidic intake. The demineralization during orthodontic retention and the hygiene instructions, including the retainer cleaning protocol, are highlighted.


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