scholarly journals On stability of distributions of WhatsApp traffic characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
D. Shingissov ◽  
◽  
V. Goikhman ◽  
A. Lavrova ◽  
Sh. Seilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Traffic Classification ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Distribution Form ◽  
Traffic Distribution ◽  
Functional Scheme ◽  
Stability Pattern ◽  
Critical Traffic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

This paper deals with the main methods of traffic classification and describes the functional scheme of a test bench and the test procedure. It provides the results of verifying the hypothesis about the stability of distributions of WhatsApp traffic characteristics. The delivered test results in this paper emphasize the influence of certain traffic characteristics on the final traffic distribution form. In addition, the comparison of the results obtained for the entire set of tests and the results received for individual test sets reveals the absence of other critical traffic characteristics significantly influencing the distribution form concluding in the need for further research. The paper concludes that the stability pattern of distributions of WhatsApp traffic characteristics can be obtained and visualized after more critical traffic characteristics are revealed and processed in similar tests. This paper stands as a pioneer research in assessing the traffic analysis and implementing the results in applied science.

scholarly journals Semi-Continuous Spatial Statistical Analysis Using AIS Data for Vessel Traffic Flow Characteristics in Fairway

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Jong Kwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Spatial Statistical Analysis ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Distribution ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics ◽  
Marine Accidents

As high vessel traffic in fairways is likely to cause frequent marine accidents, understanding vessel traffic flow characteristics is necessary to prevent marine accidents in fairways. Therefore, this study conducted semi-continuous spatial statistical analysis tests (the normal distribution test, kurtosis test and skewness test) to understand vessel traffic flow characteristics. First, a vessel traffic survey was conducted in a designated area (Busan North Port) for seven days. The data were collected using an automatic identification system and subsequently converted using semi-continuous processing methods. Thereafter, the converted data were used to conduct three methods of spatial statistical analysis. The analysis results revealed the vessel traffic distribution and its characteristics, such as the degree of use and lateral positioning on the fairway based on the size of the vessel. In addition, the generalization of the results of this study along with that of further studies will aid in deriving the traffic characteristics of vessels on the fairway. Moreover, these characteristics will reduce maritime accidents on the fairway, in addition to establishing the foundation for research on autonomous ships.

scholarly journals Traffic Type Recognition Method for Unknown Protocol—Applying Fuzzy Inference

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Sang-Won Kim ◽  
Kee-Cheon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Static Field ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Alignment Algorithm ◽  
Traffic Classification ◽  
Recognition Method ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Sequence Alignment Algorithm ◽  
Low Performance

In this paper, we propose a system that can recognize traffic types without prior knowledge of static features such as protocol header information by combining protocol analysis based on an ecological sequence alignment algorithm in a bioinformatics and fuzzy inference system. The algorithm proposed in this paper obtained up to a 91% level of performance at a similar level to several existing algorithms in experiments using datasets containing various types of traffic. In addition, it showed an excellent accuracy of 82.5% or more even under severe conditions that lowered the amount of data to a level of at least 40% or only included data in the middle of the traffic. This shows that the problem of dependence on initial data that frequently occurs in existing machine learning and deep learning-based traffic classification algorithms does not appear in the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, based on the ability to directly extract traffic characteristics without being dependent on static field values, it has secured the ability to respond with a small number of data by taking advantage of the flexibility of the membership function of the fuzzy inference engine. Through this, the applicability to low-power and low-performance environments such as IoT networks was confirmed. In this paper, we describe in detail the theoretical background for constructing such an algorithm and relevant experiments and considerations for actual verification.

scholarly journals Optimal profile for concave slopes under static and seismic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1522-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Vahedifard ◽  
Shahriar Shahrokhabadi ◽  
Dov Leshchinsky
Keyword(s):  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Stable Configuration ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Stability Of Slopes ◽  
Optimal Profile ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Impact

This study presents a methodology to determine the stability and optimal profile for slopes with concave cross section under static and seismic conditions. Concave profiles are observed in some natural slopes suggesting that such geometry is a more stable configuration. In this study, the profile of a concave slope was idealized by a circular arc defined by a single variable, the mid-chord offset (MCO). The proposed concave profile formulation was incorporated into a limit equilibrium–based log spiral slope stability method. Stability charts are presented to show the stability number, MCO, and mode of failure for homogeneous slopes corresponding to the most stable configuration under static and pseudostatic conditions. It is shown that concave profiles can significantly improve the stability of slopes. Under seismic conditions, the impact of concavity is most pronounced. Good agreement was demonstrated upon comparison of the results from the proposed method against those attended from a rigorous upper bound limit analysis. The proposed methodology, along with recent advances in construction technology, can be employed to use concave profiles in trenches, open mine excavations, earth retaining systems, and naturally cemented and stabilized soil slopes. The results presented provide a useful tool for preliminary evaluation for adopting such concave profiles in practice.

On Canadian methodologies of probabilistic seismic risk estimation

1979 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1549-1566
Author(s):  
D. H. Weichert ◽  
W. G. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Extreme Value ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Risk Estimates ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

abstract Three probabilistic methods for the estimation of seismic risk have been used in Canada. A reevaluation of the extreme value method shows no advantages over the average value method of Milne and Davenport. Conceptual improvements in the underlying assumptions of the latter method are a constrained release of historical earthquakes from their presumed epicenters and the averaging of earthquake rates over variable periods. Risk estimation can then proceed as suggested by Cornell. Comparison of the results of this modification of the average number method shows similar results as the Milne and Davenport average value method. The stability of risk estimates against new earthquakes is improved, but sensitivities at typical sites toward unavoidable deterministic elements in the model are similar to the older method. For certain site-source-seismicity combinations probabilistic estimates of ground motion could become almost quasi-deterministic.

Solution of third-order Emden–Fowler-type equations using wavelet methods

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshad Khan ◽  
Mo Faheem ◽  
Akmal Raza
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resolution Level ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Wavelet Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Nature

Purpose The numerical solution of third-order boundary value problems (BVPs) has a great importance because of their applications in fluid dynamics, aerodynamics, astrophysics, nuclear reactions, rocket science etc. The purpose of this paper is to develop two computational methods based on Hermite wavelet and Bernoulli wavelet for the solution of third-order initial/BVPs. Design/methodology/approach Because of the presence of singularity and the strong nonlinear nature, most of third-order BVPs do not occupy exact solution. Therefore, numerical techniques play an important role for the solution of such type of third-order BVPs. The proposed methods convert third-order BVPs into a system of algebraic equations, and on solving them, approximate solution is obtained. Finally, the numerical simulation has been done to validate the reliability and accuracy of developed methods. Findings This paper discussed the solution of linear, nonlinear, nonlinear singular (Emden–Fowler type) and self-adjoint singularly perturbed singular (generalized Emden–Fowler type) third-order BVPs using wavelets. A comparison of the results of proposed methods with the results of existing methods has been given. The proposed methods give the accuracy up to 19 decimal places as the resolution level is increased. Originality/value This paper is one of the first in the literature that investigates the solution of third-order Emden–Fowler-type equations using Bernoulli and Hermite wavelets. This paper also discusses the error bounds of the proposed methods for the stability of approximate solutions.

Estimating Results of a Proposed Simple Performance Test for Hot-Mix Asphalt from Superpave Gyratory Compactor Results

2005 ◽  
Vol 1929 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed F. Faheem ◽  
Hussain U. Bahia ◽  
Hossein Ajideh
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Flow Number ◽  
Traffic Loading ◽  
Superpave Gyratory Compactor ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Pavement Service Life

This study intended to use the Superpave® gyratory compactor (SGC) as a basis for estimating the stability of asphalt mixtures as a surrogate for proposed method for the simple performance test. Several asphalt mixtures were produced with varying aggregate sources, asphalt contents, and gradations. Every mixture was compacted with the SGC and evaluated with the repeated compression test procedure for rutting measurements recommended by NCHRP Project 9–19 and the AASHTO 2002 pavement design manual to evaluate whether the results from the SGC can be related to the rutting of mixtures. Densification curves produced by the SGC were used to determine the volumetric properties besides the calculation of the traffic densification index (TDI), which represents the densification experienced by traffic loading during pavement service life. The traffic force index (TFI) was also calculated with a special accessory added to the SGC during compaction (the pressure distributor analyzer). The TFI represents the work done by the traffic to densify the mixture. Results from the mixture rutting tests were used to estimate the flow number (FN). The FN, an important mixture property, is shown to have a strong correlation to the TFI. The TFI was also found to be strongly correlated with the TDI and gives an opportunity to estimate the mixture resistance to compaction forces with the use of its volumetric behavior. The main finding of the study is that the SGC appears to give information that can be used to characterize the stability of the mixtures. Such information could be used as an initial screening criterion to select mixtures for various traffic levels.

scholarly journals Comparison of Methods Analyzing Bifurcation and Hunting of Complex Rail Vehicle Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oldrich Polach ◽  
Ingo Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Path Following ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Direct Computation ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Brute Force Method ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

The stability assessment is an important task in the mechanical design of railway vehicles. For a detailed model of a railway passenger coach, the hunting behavior depending on the running speed, on wheel-rail contact conditions, and on different model configurations is analyzed using two different methods: The path-following method based on a direct computation of limit cycles enables an automatic computation. However, due to the direct computation, which exploits the periodicity of the solution, this method is restricted to strictly periodic behavior. In the brute-force method, an initial disturbance limited to a certain time interval is applied to the model. This method allows the analysis of the behavior independently from the type of the solution, but requires manual intervention. The comparison of the results obtained with both methods shows a good agreement and thereby the reliability of the results and the methods.

Hybrid Approach for Clustering Vehicle Classification Data to Support Regional Implementation of the Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide

2013 ◽  
Vol 2339 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reimer ◽  
Jonathan D. Regehr
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Vehicle Classification ◽  
Traffic Classification ◽  
Truck Traffic ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Design Guide

This paper develops a hybrid approach for analyzing vehicle classification data and applies the approach to a fused data set from multiple jurisdictions in the Canadian prairie region. Application of the approach results in a set of regional default truck traffic classification groups for use in the Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide. The hybrid approach is a conglomeration of three components: statistical clustering procedures, expert judgment, and industry intelligence. By applying the hybrid approach, analysts receive the joint benefits of analytical rigor and industry-oriented pragmatism. Application of this approach results in eight truck traffic classification groups for the Canadian prairie region that exhibit distinct differences from the default distributions developed for national use in the United States. The benefits of applying the hybrid approach on fused data sets include (a) the statistical strength gained from use of additional classification data, (b) the development of truck traffic classification groups that better reflect the diversity of patterns in a region, and (c) the potential for improved ability to capture future shifts in truck traffic characteristics because of experience gained in other jurisdictions. The paper also identifies limitations to the hybrid approach that should be considered. These limitations include varying data quality between jurisdictions, the sensitivity of low-volume sites to changes in industry patterns and the ability to track these changes, and potential shortages of continuous classification sites. When its benefits and limitations are well understood, the hybrid approach can be applied to truck traffic data analyses in any jurisdiction.

scholarly journals Automatic statistical evaluation of quality of unit selection speech synthesis with different prosody manipulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Jiří Přibil ◽  
Anna Přibilová ◽  
Jindřich Matoušek
Keyword(s):  
Speech Synthesis ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Prosodic Features ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Unit Selection ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

AbstractQuality of speech synthesis is a crucial issue in comparison of various text-to-speech (TTS) systems. We proposed a system for automatic evaluation of speech quality by statistical analysis of temporal features (time duration, phrasing, and time structuring of an analysed sentence) together with standard spectral and prosodic features. This system was successfully tested on sentences produced by a unit selection speech synthesizer with a male as well as a female voice using two different approaches to prosody manipulation. Experiments have shown that for correct, sharp, and stable results all three types of speech features (spectral, prosodic, and temporal) are necessary. Furthermore, the number of used statistical parameters has a significant impact on the correctness and precision of the evaluated results. It was also demonstrated that the stability of the whole evaluation process is improved by enlarging the used speech material. Finally, the functionality of the proposed system was verified by comparison of the results with those of the standard listening test.

scholarly journals An algebraic stability test for fractional order time delay systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Münevver Mine Özyetkin ◽  
Dumitru Baleanu
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Delay Systems ◽  
Time Delay Systems ◽  
Delay Term ◽  
Square Roots ◽  
Algebraic Stability ◽  
The Stability

In this study, an algebraic stability test procedure is presented for fractional order time delay systems. This method is based on the principle of eliminating time delay. The stability test of fractional order systems cannot be examined directly using classical methods such as Routh-Hurwitz, because such systems do not have analytical solutions. When a system contains the square roots of s, it is seen that there is a double value function of s. In this study, a stability test procedure is applied to systems including sqrt(s) and/or different fractional degrees such as s^alpha where 0 < ? < 1, and ? include in R. For this purpose, the integer order equivalents of fractional order terms are first used and then the stability test is applied to the system by eliminating time delay. Thanks to the proposed method, it is not necessary to use approximations instead of time delay term such as Pade. Thus, the stability test procedure does not require the solution of higher order equations. 

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