scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF GROUNDNUT OIL EXPELLING MACHINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
R.O. Kuku ◽  
O.A. Adefuye ◽  
O.L. Fadipe ◽  
G.I. Adebowale ◽  
O.M. Delogan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Oil Seeps ◽  
The Press ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Type Machine ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Cost

The need for new designs of Groundnut oil expeller is based on the cost and efficiency of the machine especially for the usage in small and medium size industries. It has to be cost effective and light weight to accommodate such demands. The existing Groundnut Oil Expellers in the market are too big and too expensive for these small medium size businesses to invest on. Other limitations are its maintenances aspect as well as its operations. Therefore, series of survey and research have been done to identify the needs and base on that, the Final Design and Specifications were synthesized. The Groundnut Oil Expeller is a screw type machine, which presses groundnut through a barrel-like cavity. Raw material (groundnut) enters one side of the press and by product (cake) exit the other side. The machine uses friction and continuous pressure from the screw drives to move and compress the groundnut. The oil seeps through small openings that do not allow groundnut fibre solids to pass through. Afterward, the pressed groundnuts are formed into a hardened cake, which is removed from the machine. This machine will satisfy the demand for the small and medium size industries because of its design, functionality and price. The measurements of the performance also being analyze by calculating the design efficiency.

scholarly journals Substitutive Press-Bolster and Press-Ram Models for the Virtual Estimation of Stamping-Tool Cambering

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Farshad Abbasi ◽  
Alex Sarasua ◽  
Javier Trinidad ◽  
Nagore Otegi ◽  
Eneko Saenz de Argandoña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Static Loads ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Press ◽  
Final Adjustment ◽  
Tooling System

Today’s stamping simulations are realized by ignoring the elastic deformation of the press and tooling system through the assumption of a rigid behavior and a perfect press stroke. However, in reality, the press and tool components deform elastically and are one of the major error sources for the final adjustment and blue-spotting of the dies. In order to tackle this issue, a new approach is proposed in this study that substitutes the press stiffness by means of a substitutive model composed of cost-effective shell and beam elements. The substitute model was calibrated using full-scale measurements, in which a 20,000 kN trial press was experimentally characterized by measuring its deformation under static loads. To examine the robustness of the substitute model, a medium-size tool and a large-size tool were simulated together with the substitutive model. To this end, a B-pillar tool was re-machined based on the substitute-model results and a new cambering procedure was proposed and validated throughout the blue-painting procedure. The newly developed substitute model was able to replicate the global stiffness of the press with a high accuracy and affordable calculation time. The implementation of the findings can aid toolmakers in eliminating most of the reworking and home-line trials.

Non-noble metal based broadband photothermal absorbers for cost effective interfacial solar thermal conversion

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1539-1546
Author(s):  
Han Gong ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Guoliang Liu ◽  
Zhenhui Lin ◽  
Xiaoqiang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electron Excitation ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Solar Absorbers ◽  
Physical Deposition ◽  
The Cost

AbstractIn recent years, noble metal-based solar absorbers have been extensively studied as their pronounced plasmonic resonances and high solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency. However, the high cost of noble metals is the unavoidable roadblock restricting the way towards scalability. In this work, we report a nickel-based photothermal absorbers, which is capable of realizing an average solar absorption of ∼97% in the range of 400–2500 nm originating from relatively weaker collective plasmonic resonances but more pronounced single electron excitation. Importantly, it is easily fabricated via the straightforward physical deposition and cost-effective with a raw material price of ∼0.3% gold and ∼20% of silver. We used it for interfacial solar vapor generation and realized an evaporation rate of ∼0.9 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun, almost comparable to the counterparts made from noble metals. The excellent performance combined with the cost effective and scalable fabrication process makes it be a promising candidate for mass off-grid solar desalination.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS OF BIOMETHANE PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
G.G. Geletukha ◽  
Yu.B. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
The Cost

Biogas upgrading to quality of natural gas (NG) creates possibility to supply biomethane to the NG grid, easy transportation and production of electricity and heat in locations where there is guaranteed consumption of thermal energy. Biomethane as a close NG analogue can be used for heat and electricity production, as soon as motor fuel and raw material for chemical industry. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that the world's annual biomethane production potential is 730 bcm (20% of current world's NG consumption). World biomethane production reached almost 5 bcm/yr in 2019. According to forecast of the European Biogas Association the biogas and biomethane sector may almost double its production by 2030. According to IEA estimates, annual world biomethane production could reach 200 bcm in 2040 in case the sustainable development strategy is implemented Currently, the Bioenergy Association of Ukraine estimates the potential for biogas/biomethane production in Ukraine using fermentation technology as 7,8 bcm/yr (25% of the country's current NG consumption). The roadmap of bioenergy development in Ukraine until 2050 envisages growth of biomethane production to 1,7 bcm in 2035 and up to 3 bcm in 2050. Currently the prospects for green hydrogen development are well known. The authors support the need of hydrogen technologies as one of the way for production and use of renewable gases. However, they believe that biomethane has no less prospects. Transporting of one cubic meter of biomethane through gas pipeline at 60 bar pressure transmits almost four times more energy than transporting of one cubic meter of hydrogen. This is fundamental advantage of biomethane. Another advantage is the full readiness of gas infrastructure for biomethane. Given the cost of gas infrastructure modernization to use hydrogen, it is more cost-effective to convert green hydrogen to synthetic methane. Currently, biomethane is in average three times cheaper than green hydrogen, the cost of the two renewable gases is expected to equalize by 2050, and only further possible reduction in the cost of green hydrogen below $2/kg will make green hydrogen cheaper than biomethane. Therefore, the greatest prospects can be seen in the combination of the advantages of both renewable gases and conversion of green hydrogen into synthetic methane (power-to-gas process). Authors believe that after adoption of legislation to support the development of biomethane production and use in Ukraine, the bulk of biomethane produced in the country will be exported to EU, where more favourable conditions for biomethane consumption are developed. As Ukraine's economy grows, more and more of the biomethane produced will be used for domestic consumption.

scholarly journals Essential Latex Processing Plant (ELPP): A Pioneer Approach in the Production of Concentrate Latex from Local Resource to Manufacture Male Contraceptive in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Sadia Afreen ◽  
Kh Rashedul Haque ◽  
Md Shariful Islam ◽  
M Kadrul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Local Resource ◽  
Male Contraceptive ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
The Cost

For years, a respective amount of PV latex has been exported from Malaysia to manufacture male contraceptives within the country. Recently, a project titled as ELPP, has been undertaken by the Govt. Pharmaceutical Company „Essential Drugs Company Ltd? to pioneer the implementation of processing natural raw latex (35-40% dry rubber content) [1] into concentrate latex (60% dry rubber content) [1] from the local resource at Modhupur region. The purpose of this project is to produce concentrate latex from local resource as the raw material for manufacturing male contraceptive instead of importing the latex from Malaysia or other countries. Several trials have been taken place to test the feasibility and productivity of the project with respect to the aspects in Bangladesh. The results and observations are found very satisfactory and the project is very much cost effective since it cuts off the foreign expense caused due to the import of concentrate latex from abroad at present days. An overall cost analysis shows that if the technology of processing concentrate latex is implemented with a proper utilization of the local resources it reduces the cost of production to a great extent. Moreover, rubber sheets produced as the byproduct from this process are very much useful and demandable in the field of rubber industries and add profit to the process. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i2.17777 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 2, December 2012: 11-14

Ammonia as a Green Fuel for Transportation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calin Zamfirescu ◽  
Ibrahim Dincer
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Cooling Power ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
System Effectiveness ◽  
Green Fuel ◽  
Engine Power

In this paper, the potential benefits and technical advantages of using ammonia as a green fuel for transportation are analyzed based on performance indicators including the system effectiveness, the driving range, fuel tank compactness, and the cost of driving per km. Similar to hydrogen, ammonia is a synthetic product that can be obtained thermally, physically, chemically or biologically either from fossil fuels, biomass, or other renewable sources and can be used as a clean fuel. The refrigeration effect of ammonia is another advantage of it and is included in the efficiency calculations. The cooling power represents about 7–10% from the engine power, being thus a valuable side benefit of ammonia’s presence on-board. If the cooling effect is taken into consideration, the system’s effectiveness can be improved by about 20%. It is shown that if a medium size hydrogen car converted to NH3, it becomes more cost effective per driving range as low as CN$3.2/100 km.

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

Sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schulz ◽  
M. Jünger ◽  
M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost

Summary Objective: The goal of the study was to assess the effectiveness and patient tolerability of single-session, sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy and to evaluate its economic impact. Patients, methods: We treated 20 patients with a total of 22 varicoses of the great saphenous vein (GSV) in Hach stage III-IV, clinical stage C2-C5 and a mean GSV diameter of 9 mm (range: 7 to 13 mm). We used 10 ml 3% Aethoxysklerol®. Additional varicoses of the auxiliary veins of the GSV were sclerosed immediately afterwards. Results: The occlusion rate in the treated GSVs was 100% one week after therapy as demonstrated with duplex sonography. The cost of the procedure was 207.91 E including follow-up visit, with an average loss of working time of 0.6 days. After one year one patient showed clinical signs of recurrent varicosis in the GSV; duplex sonography showed reflux in the region of the saphenofemoral junction in a total of seven patients (32% of the treated GSVs). Conclusion: Transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the GSV is a cost-effective, safe method of treating varicoses of GSV and broadens the spectrum of therapeutic options. Relapses can be re-treated inexpensively with sclerotherapy.

Resource efficiency in deinked pulp production: a review

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA KOTANEN ◽  
MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽  
ARI ÄMMÄLÄ ◽  
JOUKO NIINIMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Strategy ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of recovered paper as a raw material for paper production is by far the most economical and ecological strategy for the disposal of waste paper. However, paper production from recovered paper furnish generates a great amount of residues, and the higher the demand requirements for the end product, the higher the amount of rejected material. The reason for this is that the selectivity of the deinking process is limited; therefore, some valuable components are also lost in reject streams. The rejection of usable components affects the economics of recycled paper production. As the cost of waste disposal continues to increase, this issue is becoming more and more severe. This paper summarizes the current state of the resource efficiency in recycled pulp production and provides information on the volumes of rejected streams and the usable material within them. Various means to use these reject streams are also discussed, including the main findings of a recent thesis by the main author. This review summarizes current internal and external use of reject streams generated in the deinking operations.

A Digital Economy Model for Talent Prediction Data Analytic

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Haru Purnomo Ipung ◽  
Amin Soetomo
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Data Analytic

This research proposed a model to assist the design of the associated data architecture and data analytic to support talent forecast in the current accelerating changes in economy, industry and business change due to the accelerating pace of technological change. The emerging and re-emerging economy model were available, such as Industrial revolution 4.0, platform economy, sharing economy and token economy. Those were driven by new business model and technology innovation. An increase capability of technology to automate more jobs will cause a shift in talent pool and workforce. New business model emerge as the availabilityand the cost effective emerging technology, and as a result of emerging or re-emerging economic models. Both, new business model and technology innovation, create new jobs and works that have not been existed decades ago. The future workers will be faced by jobs that may not exist today. A dynamics model of inter-correlation of economy, industry, business model and talent forecast were proposed. A collection of literature review were conducted to initially validate the model.

CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

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