scholarly journals Effect of Visualization on Muscular Activation for Stability in Adolescent Ballet Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Zhang ◽  
Jacqueline Katz
Keyword(s):  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Neuron Activation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anatomical Images ◽  
Ballet Students ◽  
Spike Analysis ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
Muscular Activation

The purpose of this study is to determine whether commonly used visualization techniques, whose results have been solely anecdotal, produce tangible, scientific results in muscular activation and improvement to ballet balances.  Ballet training methods include imagery techniques however, much of this practice is solely based on the experience of the instructor and its results are anecdotal so that there are many gaps between research on imagery and dance instruction. Few published studies focus on the effect of the imagery training for dance students on either motor and nonmotor outcomes (Abraham, 2019). A survey will be administered to ballet instructors to determine the most used visualization cues for stability. Three adolescent female ballet students studying under said instructors will be asked to perform three balances. Surface electromyography data will be taken on the gluteus maximus, hip adductors, and abdominal oblique. The length of balance will also be taken. The dancers will then be exposed to a short visualization session or stimulus of anatomical images with arrows showing bodily adjustments and targeted muscles accompanied by verbal cues developed based on the instructor techniques from the survey. The same balances and data will be taken following the session. Results will be compared to the control data taken prior to the session to reveal whether the visualization training had significant results by determining statistically significant changes in balance times and changes in neuron spikes following spike analysis.  Dancers will also be asked for qualitative feedback.  Subject 2 yielded a significant increase in length of balance in all three types and the most consistent increase in neuron spikes in all of their muscles. This suggests a positive correlation between an increase in the degree of neuron activation or recruitment of those stability muscles and the ability for an individual to balance. This was also supported by increased confidence they felt in their balances after the visualization session. Subject 1 yielded no significant change in balance time before and after the visualization stimulus and the number of neuron spikes decreased after the session. This suggests that decreased activity in the tested muscles for stability resulted in lower balance times. This lack of muscular activation could be attributed to fatigue as reported by the dancer. The rest of the balances yielded significant increases in lengths of balance which were accompanied by increases in neuron spikes in the gluteus maximus and hip adductors for Degage a la Seconde and in the gluteus maximus for Releve en Retire. Subject 3 yielded insignificant changes in balance times for the first two types of balances but produced increases in the number of neuron spikes in most of the tested muscles in all of the balances. Reports from the dancer of being “less wobbly” the unexpected data to be attributed to an allocation to quality of the balance. The results on length of balances, number of neuron spikes, and confidence/reflection feedback obtained by this study supports the scientific validity of commonly-used visualization techniques in ballet by showcasing a higher degree of activation in the targeted stability muscles and longer average balance lengths should ensue following visualization training. Results also suggest that visualization techniques and stimuli for stability are the most effective when applied to learning unfamiliar movements.  Further research could apply such visualization techniques to other movements, and even outside of dance.

scholarly journals Personal and social training as a part of class teachers’ lifelong learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Geršicová ◽  
Silvia Barnová
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: The presented paper deals with the issues of the work of class teachers and their further education in the field of personal and social training. The main goal of the research was to find out about changes in personal and social development after the realization of social-pedagogical training. Methods: On the level of personal development, the authors were interested in the field of values and attitudes. On the level of social development, they focused on the changes in communication and opinion scales. The changes in the above fields were measured by means of a pre-test and a post-test which were administered before and after the realization of the training. Results: In the participants of the realized research, the research team, to a certain extent, succeeded in reducing prejudice and beliefs and the participants learnt about the necessity of considering students’ individual abilities and specific environmental influences on their behavior and manifestations at school. On the level of opinions, there was a shift towards a stronger belief in the significance of the impact of the environment and the family background on students’ behaviour and their personality traits. Discussion: The presented data are the results of a pilot probe and have brought initial insights related to the presented issues for the purposes of a longer and deeper research, which is in the phase of its realization. Limitations: As the project was realized with ten groups of teachers showing a deep interest in participating in it, it is not our ambition to generalize the obtained results; nevertheless, we find them interesting and inspiring. Conclusions: Along with knowledge from pedagogy and psychology, class teachers need a huge amount of creativity, ideas, techniques and methods, which can promote the development of students’ value orientation. The authors can see a clear perspective for teachers’ lifelong learning here

scholarly journals Analysis on the Effect of Protective Equipment Training on Hospital Infection Managers

CONVERTER ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Yongli Zou Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Expert Theory

Objectives: To analyze the effect of personal protective equipment training on new hospital infection managers. Methods: Personnel are divided into two batches by region. Adopt a diversified training model to train all personnel, finally conduct practical assessments and issue certificates. Collect information through information technology, analyze questionnaires, and understand trainees’ circumstances before and after the training. Each training batch has uniform teachers and the same training methods. Results: After the training, the trainees' proficiency in putting on and taking off protective equipment increased by 22.85%, and ability to choose protective equipment according to different working environments increased by 22.04%; 78.23% trainees believed that practical exercises should be emphasized. Taking off protective clothing was considered as the most difficult link in practical training (91.13%), followed by putting on protective clothing (70.43%). 96.24% trainees believed that this training is helpful for future work. Conclusions: It is quite necessary to implement personal protective equipment training among new hospital infection managers; where, practical training, assessment, information-based questionnaire survey, expert theory teaching have achieved good results; the training helps reduce occupational exposure-induced hospital infection, and at the same time, avoids improper use of protective materials and waste.

scholarly journals Intensive simulation training on urological mini-invasive procedures using Thiel-embalmed cadavers: The IAMSurgery experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Mantica ◽  
Giovannalberto Pini ◽  
Davide De Marchi ◽  
Irene Paraboschi ◽  
Francesco Esperto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Methods ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The University ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Previous Training ◽  
Cadaveric Model ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: The objective of the study was to evaluate the benefits perceived by the use of cadaver models by IAMSurgery attendees and to define indications to standardize future similar training camps. Materials and methods: A 25-item survey was distributed via e-mail to all the participants of previous training courses named as “Urological Advanced Course on Laparoscopic Cadaver Lab" held at the anatomy department of the University of Malta, for anonymous reply. Participants were asked to rate the training course, the Thiel’s cadaveric model, and make comparison with other previously experienced simulation tools. Results: The survey link was sent to 84 attendees, with a response rate of 47.6% (40 replies). There was improvement in the median self-rating of the laparoscopic skills before and after the training camp with a mean difference of 0.55/5 points in the post-training skills compared to the basal (p < 0.0001). The 72.2% of the urologists interviewed considered Thiel's HCM better than other training methods previously tried, while five urologists (27.8%) considered it equal (p = 0.00077). Globally, 77.5% (31) of attendees found the training course useful, and 82.5% (33) would advise it to colleagues. Conclusions: Thiel’s fixed human cadaveric models seem to be ideal for training purposes, and their use within properly structured training camps could significantly improve the surgical skills of the trainees. An important future step could be standardization of the training courses using cadavers, and their introduction into the standardized European curriculum.

Allowing New Opportunities in Advanced Laparoscopy Training Using a Full High-Definition Training Box

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Achurra ◽  
Antonia Lagos ◽  
Ruben Avila ◽  
Rodrigo Tejos ◽  
Erwin Buckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Laparoscopic Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Laparoscopy Training ◽  
High Quality Image ◽  
Advanced Laparoscopy ◽  
Quality Image ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training

Introduction. Simulated laparoscopy training is limited by its low-quality image. A high-definition (HD) laparoscopic training box was developed under the present necessity of simulating advanced surgery. Objective. To describe and test a new HD laparoscopic training box for advanced simulation training. Methods. We describe the features and image quality of the new training box. The simulator was tested and then evaluated by a group of 76 expert surgeons using a 4-item questionnaire. To assess the effectiveness of training using this simulation box, 15 general surgery residents were trained to perform a laparoscopic jejuno-jejunostomy in a validated simulation program. They were assessed with objective rating scales before and after the training program, and their results were compared with that of experts. Results. The training box was assembled using high-density fiberglass shaped as an insufflated abdomen. It has an adapted full-HD camera with a LED-based illumination system. A manually self-regulated monopod attached to the camera enables training without assistance. Of the expert surgeons who answered the questionnaire, 91% said that the simulation box had a high-quality image and that it was very similar to real laparoscopy. All residents trained improved their rating scores significantly when comparing their initial versus final assessment ( P < .001). Their performance after completing the training in the box was similar to that of experts ( P > .2). Conclusions. This novel laparoscopic training box presents a high-resolution image and allows training different types of advanced laparoscopic procedures. The simulator box was positively assessed by experts and demonstrated to be effective for laparoscopy training in resident surgeons.

Biomechanical Study of Jump Ability for Aerobics Sports Based on Single Chip Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 484-485 ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Fan
Keyword(s):  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Jump Ability ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Competitive Aerobics in jumping ability is a special jumping ability, it not only requires jumping height, also called take-off speed and air attitude. Article put 28 students divided into experimental and control groups for a period of eight weeks of Spring Training. The experimental group used mainly jump and practice, the control group mainly continuous Straddle jump exercises. Before and after the experiment in the experimental group and the control group Calisthenics Bounce indicators and biomechanical testing, in order to reflect the effect of two kinds of training methods. Through experiments show that the use of single-chip technology, using jump and exercise, can improve the level of sports aerobics.

scholarly journals Metode Latihan Berbantu Media Gambar: Peningkatan Budaya Hidup Bersih dan Sehat melalui Matematika Materi Unsur-Unsur Bangun Datar

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Ayu Nurhidayati
Keyword(s):  
Action Observation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Mathematical Content ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Thematic Learning ◽  
Planning Action

This research aim to improve the learning activities, and achievements of the theme of the clean and healthy living mathematical content of the elements of the flat building by utilizing image media assisted training methods before and after learning. This research is a classroom action research so that the research is limited to class II MIN 4 with a total of 30 students. Data is taken through four steps, namely, planning, action, observation, and reflection. Whereas the object is the use of assisted training methods in image media can improve the activities and achievement of learning themes of clean and healthy life mathematical content of the elements of the flat building. The data source of this study is the teacher and students of class II MIN 4 Gunungkidul. Data validation techniques using triangulation techniques and data analysis techniques used are deskripstif qualitative and quantitative. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that thematic learning on the theme of clean living and healthy mathematical content of the elements of the flat building using the image media assisted training method can increase activity and learning achievement in class II MIN 4 Gunungkidul Wonosari Subdistrict, Gunungkidul District 1 semester 2018/2019 lessons.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Repetition Sprint Training Method Combined With The Level Of Physical Fitness Toward The Speed Of 100 Meter Run

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Tuti Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test

There are various modern training methods to increase achievement in a 100-meter run. This research used the repetition sprint method. This research aims to find out the effect of the repetition sprint method on the students with high physical fitness towards the speed in the 100-meter run. The method used in this research is the pre-test post-test design. The sample of this research was 15 students of the Sports Training Education Study Program, sport and health faculty of the Ganesha University of Education. These students are those with the highest physical fitness among 90 students in total. The physical fitness test was through a 2.4-kilometer run. The repetition sprint    method was applied in 24 meetings, started with a pre-test and ended with a post-test. The data were analyzed by using descriptive     statistics and paired sample T-test. The result shows that there is a difference found before and after the training. It is found that there is a 1.15-second increase in the average speed of the 100-meter run from the whole 15 samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that the  repetition sprint training method increases the speed in the 100-meter run.

scholarly journals Immediate Effect on Ground Reaction Forces Induced by Step Training Based on Discrete Skill during Gait in Poststroke Individuals: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Masanori Wakida ◽  
Koji Ohata ◽  
Yu Hashiguchi ◽  
Kimihiko Mori ◽  
Kimitaka Hase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Response Phase

Background/Aim. Improving walking ability, especially the step-to-step transition control, is important in individuals after stroke. Although walking is a continuous skill, the discrete skills of gait, defined as movements with a clear beginning and end, may effectively modify walking performance. This pilot study shows the immediate effects of a discrete skill-based step training on ground reaction forces (GRFs) during gait in individuals with chronic hemiplegia following stroke. Methods. Twenty-two community-dwelling patients with chronic hemiplegia participated in this study. Eight participants performed only discrete-skill step training during the loading response phase, focusing on paretic hip extension movement (LR group). Another eight performed only discrete-skill step training during the preswing phase, focusing on paretic swing movement (PSw group). The remaining six were trained using both training methods, with at least 6 months in each group to washout the influence of previous training. Therefore, the final number of participants in each group was 14. The braking and propulsive forces of GRFs were measured during gait before and after 30 repetitions of the discrete-skill step training. Results. Although both groups showed a significant increase in stride length, walking speed was increased only in the LR group. The PSw group showed an increase in braking forces of both sides without any change in propulsion. In the LR group, paretic braking impulse did not change, while nonparetic propulsion increased. Conclusion. The discrete-skill step training during loading response phase induced an increase in nonparetic propulsion, resulting in increased walking speed. This study provides a clear understanding of immediate effects of the discrete-skill step training in patients with chronic stroke and helps improve interventions in long-term rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Evaluación e intervención psicológica en jugadoras de hockey sobre hierba femenino.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Veronica Tutte Vallarino ◽  
Cristina Reche García ◽  
Viviana Álvarez Zecchini
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Psychological Training ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Visualization Techniques

El objeto de este estudio de caso fue evaluar las habilidades psicológicas de jugadoras de hockey hierba, y, por otro lado, la eficacia de la participación en un programa de entrenamiento psicológico en las características psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento deportivo. Participaron 10 jugadoras de hockey de 16 a 26 años de la selección de hockey hierba femenino de categoría senior. La intervención psicológica se realizó en Montevideo-Uruguay, durante 16 sesiones a través de trabajo individualizado (voluntario) y trabajo grupal (obligatorio) con un enfoque cognitivo-conductual. La intervención estuvo formada por técnicas y estrategias como la reestructuración cognitiva; la autocaracterización; la técnica de la Rejilla de concentración y Stroop; habilidades de comunicación y de autoconocimiento; auto-registros conductuales; observaciones-confrontaciones e interpretaciones; y técnicas de relajación y visualización. Se administró el Cuestionario de Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo en jugadores de fútbol (CPRD-f, Olmedilla, García y Martínez, 2007) antes y después de la intervención de 4 meses de duración. Los resultados indican que las habilidades psicológicas en estas deportistas son caracterizadas por niveles altos de autoconfianza; impermeabilidad a la evaluación del rendimiento; manejo de la ansiedad competitiva y de la atención-concentración. Aparecen diferencias significativas tras la intervención que favorecen la calma ante las diferentes situaciones relacionadas con la competición, con un aumento del manejo de la ansiedad competitiva. Se plantea la necesidad de transferir esta información a psicólogos del deporte que intervengan a jugadoras de hockey, facilitando la selección y ajuste de estrategias psicológicas específicas en los planes de entrenamiento con el objetivo de mantener y fortalecer sus habilidades psicológicas llegando a conseguir que se manifiesten al máximo nivel. Palabras clave: entrenamiento psicológico, hockey femenino, CPRD-f, rendimiento deportivo. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the psychological skills of grass hockey players, and, on the other hand, the effectiveness of participation in a psychological training program on psychological characteristics related to athletic performance. Ten hockey players from 16 to 26 years old participated in the senior women's field hockey team. The psychological intervention was carried out during 16 sessions through individualized work (voluntary) and group The intervention consisted of techniques and strategies such as cognitive restructuring; self-characterization; the technique of the concentration grid and Stroop; communication and self-knowledge skills; behavioral self-records; observations-confrontations and interpretations; and relaxation and visualization techniques. The CPRD-f (Olmedilla, García and Martínez, 2007) was administered before and after the 4-month intervention. The results indicate that the psychological skills in these athletes are characterized by high levels of self-confidence; impermeability to performance evaluation; management of competitive anxiety and attention-concentration. Significant differences appear after the intervention that favor calm against the different situations related to the competition. The need arises to transfer this information to sports psychologists who intervene hockey players, facilitating the selection and adjustment of specific psychological strategies in training plans with the aim of maintaining and strengthening their psychological skills, getting them to manifest themselves to the maximum level.  Keywords: Psychological training, female hockey, CPRD-f, sports performance. O objetivo deste estudo de caso foi avaliar as habilidades psicológicas de jogadoras de hóquei na grama, assim como a efetividade durante a participação em um programa de treinamento baseado nas características psicológicas relacionadas com o desempenho esportivo. Dez jogadoras de hóquei entre 16 e 26 anos participaram da seleção feminina ha categoria sênior. A intervenção psicológica foi realizada em Montevidéu, Uruguai, por meio de 16 sessões, através de trabalho individualizado (voluntário) e trabalho em grupo (obrigatório) com uma abordagem cognitiva/comportamental. A intervenção foi realizada por técnicas com o emprego de estratégias como reestruturação cognitiva, autocaracterização, técnica da capacidade de concentração e habilidades de comunicação e autoconhecimento, registros autocomportamentais, observações, confrontos e interpretações e técnicas de relaxamento e visualização. Foi aplicado um questionário das características psicológicas relacionadas ao desempenho esportivo em jogadores de futebol (CPRD-f, Olmedilla, García y Martínez, 2007) antes e após a intervenção de quatro meses. Os resultados indicam que as habilidades psicológicas desses atletas são caracterizadas por altos níveis de autoconfiança e permeabilidade à avaliação do desempenho da gestão competitiva da ansiedade e concentração. Diferenças significativas apareceram após a intervenção que favorecem a calma diante das diferentes situações relacionadas à competição, com um aumento no gerenciamento da ansiedade competitiva. Surge a necessidade então de transferir essas informações aos psicólogos esportivos que intervêm junto aos jogadores de hóquei, facilitando a seleção e o ajuste de estratégias específicas nos planos de treinamento como objetivo de manter e fortalecer suas habilidades psicológicas, fazendo com que elas se manifestem no mais alto nível. Palavras-chave: Treinamento psicológico, hóquei feminino, CPRD-f, desempenho esportivo.  

scholarly journals The Impact of 8-Week Deceleration Training on Dynamic Balance Skills of Young Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Cem Akyuz ◽  
Asiye Filiz Camliguney
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to assess the impact of deceleration training method on improving dynamic balance skills of young soccer players in comparison with the conventional training methods. This study included 26 young soccer players (mean age: 13.54±1.48, height: 154.98±12.44, weight: 46.16±11.06, Body Mass Index 18.96±2.21 kg/m2, fat percentile 18.22%±3.22). Thirteen players participated in the deceleration training group (DTG) group and thirteen players participated in the conventional training group (CTG). The training programs were executed on three nonconsecutive days in a week for a total of eight weeks. Y-balance tests were conducted both before and after the eight week training programs. The differences between the averages were analyzed with Wilcoxon, comparison between the groups were analyzed with Mann-Whitney-U post hoc analyses. There was no difference in left-right balance variation (p > 0.05) performance measurements between DTG and CTG before the exercise program. However, after the 8 week training programs, the performance measurements between DTG and CTG were significantly different (p < 0.05) and the dynamic balance skill development of the DTG were more advanced. Based on these results, the deceleration training method seems to be a more effective method in developing dynamic balance skills than conventional training methods.

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