scholarly journals Collaboration of Communities and Non-Profit Organizations in Addressing Environmental Problems with African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Ovruncsics Muszeros ◽  
Kursmecs Girgő Zsult
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
Global Issue

Environmental concerns concern the twentieth and twenty-first centuries' most pressing issues. This is because the threats found inside them are very deep and pervasive within the eco system itself. Humanity is actually seated on a ticking time bomb due to the environmental consequences of weapons and/or contamination, as well as threats such as flooding, wildfires, land degradation, wildfires, volcanoes, earthquakes, and radio-chemical hazards. Environmental issues have become a global issue for a variety of reasons; certain environmental problems are global in scope; concern for the environment becomes a global issue because an environmental problem has a global impact; environmental issues include the exploitation of global resources such as the oceans and atmosphere; environmental damage in one country can have an effect on the environment of other countries.

Proposing the Bonding Requirements for Investment in Africa: A Tripartite Solution for the Environmental Protection

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
Oil Exploitation

AbstractAfrican countries do not have an effective legal framework to address the environmental damage that would be caused by the mining activities and oil exploitation of the transnational corporations. To resolve the issue, the paper proposes the modified bonding requirements under a tripartite agreement whereby the corporations’ home governments are involved. Conducting the discussion in the context of the Chinese investment in Africa and the environmental concerns that arise, the paper shows that such a scheme offers many advantages over the conventional bonding requirements and that it benefits both the local and the Chinese governments. Further, it proposes that the scheme should be made mandatory for any investors and governments in respect of their investments in the mining and oil industries in Africa.

scholarly journals Keystone Links of Anthropogenic Environmental Problems and Emergence of Interconnected Man-made Environmental Crises

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivakumaran Sivaramanan ◽  
Sarath Wimalabandara Kotagama
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Intensive Farming

Abstract Background: Environmental problems are on a hike. The study provides evidenceof the links between man-made environmental issues based on cause-and-effect relationship from real-world examples. For instance, man-made climate change is caused primarily by deforestation, draining of wetlands, intensive farming, and air pollution (greenhouse gas emission). Also, each of these problems, air pollution for instance, is caused by intensive farming, burning of fossil fuels (because of the global energy crisis), urbanization, and methane emission from solid waste dumps. Deforestation is mainly caused by increasedhuman population, poverty, overexploitation of natural resources, urbanization, mining minerals, intensive farming, the establishment of dams, wildfires during El Niño, acid rain, and global warming (cyclic as cause and effect). Besides, every man-made environmental problem may cause various other environmental problems, such as air pollution causes ocean acidification, ozone depletion, acid rain, disease, and visual pollution (smog). Similarly, deforestation causes biodiversity loss, land degradation, and human-animal conflict.Results: About 252 links were examined among 40 identified environmental issues. In this web, certain causative environmental problems were established as “keystone links”. Possible keystone environmental problems were identified from the concept map based on the criteria given by the following approach, when mitigating a man-made environmental problem, if it results in the permanent disappearance of one or more man-made environmental problems, then that mitigated problem can be considered as a possible keystone environmental problem in a hypothetical situation where human adaptability factors such as economic, social, and political factors are absent.Conclusions: Eight man-made environmental problems were found as keystones such as air pollution, deforestation, population explosion, overexploitation of natural resources, global energy crisis, intensive farming, water pollution-water scarcity, and urbanization-urban sprawl-settlements.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN AMITAV GHOSH'S SEA OF POPPIES (2008)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (47) ◽  
pp. 11477-11484
Author(s):  
Chetan Trivedi ◽  
Dudhatra Purnanshu Shamjibhai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Environmental Consciousness ◽  
Environmental Destruction ◽  
Global Issue

The primary aim of this research paper is to draw attention to the environmental issues raised by Amitav Gosh in his first novel of Ibis trilogy i.e. Sea of Poppies (2008). The word "ecocriticism" is gaining broad recognition in modern literature, as the destructionof environment is becoming a global issue. Ghosh is amongst the most renowned and brilliant authors in the genre of ecocriticism who writes with a profound environmental consciousness. The topics Ghosh addresses in Sea of Poppies include social, cultural, and natural supremacy throughout the novel. The current research paper examines Ghosh's Sea of Poppies with ecocritical viewpoint and draws attention to environmental problems and the consequences of imbalance as well. Additionally, it demonstrates the connection between humankind and environmentthrough flora, fauna, waterways, mountains, and wildlife.Ghosh emphasizes environmental destruction caused by uncontrolled exploitation of natural world as he describes the dishonest methods in which Britishers used to earn money via the unlawful export of opium to Chinese market.

International Environmental Law

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Brunnée
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Environmental Agreements ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
International Environmental Law ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
International Environmental Problems

International environmental law encompasses the legal norms and processes that address transboundary, regional, or global environmental issues. International environmental concerns generally result from human impacts on the natural environment, such as pollution or resource use related to production or consumption processes. Environmental problems pose at least five distinctive challenges for international law. First, because they typically result from private activities (Nonstate Actors) rather than from government action, international environmental law must either engage these actors directly or, as has been the predominant approach to date, prompt states to regulate private actors under their jurisdictions. Second, because international environmental problems, or scientific understanding of them, tend to evolve rapidly and sometimes unexpectedly, international environmental law often operates under conditions of uncertainty and must be adaptable to changing needs or knowledge. Third, international environmental law must deal with multiple interconnections. International environmental problems, by definition, not only transcend jurisdictional boundaries, but they also implicate social, political, and economic processes, as has come to be expressed through the concept of sustainable development (Sustainable Development). Moreover, because many international environmental problems are intertwined with one another, action or inaction on one issue implicates one or more other issues. Fourth, many international environmental issues, and virtually all global environmental concerns, require cooperation between industrialized and developing countries (History and Evolution), raising complex and highly charged questions of equity and capacity (Common but Differentiated Responsibilities). Finally, international environmental problems frequently require not only the balancing of potentially competing contemporary interests and priorities, but also have significant implications for future generations of humanity (Intergenerational Equity). The evolution of international environmental law has been shaped by these closely intertwined challenges (History and Evolution). Customary or soft law principles (Key Principles) have emerged that reflect the various dimensions sketched above. Perhaps in recognition of the fact that environmental problem-solving requires cooperation rather than confrontation, the primary role of these principles has been to help frame the negotiation and operation of international environmental agreements (Multilateral Environmental Agreements) and the activities of international institutions (International Environmental Institutions). Indeed, the bulk of international environmental lawmaking, implementation, and compliance control (Compliance Mechanisms) occurs today under the auspices of the hundreds of environmental agreements that are now in existence. International courts and tribunals (Courts and Tribunals) have played only a relatively small role in the application of customary or treaty law to environmental issues in the course of dispute settlement. Similarly, the law of state responsibility has found only limited application in the environmental context and states have preferred to negotiate civil liability regimes to address specific risks, such as those posed by oil pollution or nuclear energy production (Responsibility and Liability). This article focuses on the major structural elements and key characteristics of international environmental law rather than on developments in the various substantive issue areas.

scholarly journals PEMBINAAN KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI PONDOK PESANTREN: STUDI KASUS DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-MANSUR DARUNNAJAH 3 KABUPATEN SERANG

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-240
Author(s):  
Ali Muhtarom
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Religious Teaching ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Islamic Values

This paper discusses the Islamic boarding school respond toward environmental problem and the implementation of Islamic values in environmental awareness development in Al-Mansur Darunnajah 3 Kabupaten Serang, Banten Islamic boarding school. There are three efforts; first, there is an enthusiasm on doing the religious teaching; second, proactive on doing the cleaning; and third, the school concern on developing the eco-Islamic boarding school. There are three kinds of Islamic values implementation; first, intrinstic concern on practising Islamic values; second, creating slogans about prohibition on any kind of environmental damage and throwing rubish, and popularize the motto “bersih, indah, dan aman”. The third, there are special rules conducting the environmental problems by giving punishment and organize the schedule for cleaning.

scholarly journals Environmental problems of Manipur

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Arambam Sophia ◽  
Mayanglambam Sarda Devi
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The People

The issue of environment versus human activity has become one of the most common global topics. Global warming, greenhouse effect, air pollution, land and water pollution are all results of human activity. Human behaviour lies at the root of both conservation and environmental damage. The rapid growth of population and economic development are some of the greatest threats to the environment through the expansion and intensification of agriculture, uncontrolled growth of urbanization and industrialization, and the destruction of natural habitats. The paper seeks to study the unique features of Manipur, a pristine land situated in the North-East corner of India which is noted for its rich biodiversity, abundance of medicinal plants with various healing properties and yet it is facing the threat of environmental degradation and pollution. It is mainly rapid population growth, unplanned urbanization in urban areas, lack of awareness about environmental issues, poverty and Jhuming cultivation practices in the hills that have led to environmental damage, with its concomitant effects on human development, for it is ultimately the people of the state who have to suffer the effects of environmental damage. The paper gives a broad picture of the abundant green resources and unique fauna of Manipur and the environmental problems that threaten its biodiversity.

scholarly journals INISIASI GERAKAN PEDULI LINGKUNGAN PADA MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN BUKIT SARI PANGKALPINANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-197
Author(s):  
Luna Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Environmental Care ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
The People ◽  
Community Movement

Environment and disaster are an integral and inseparable part. In other words, environment can influence a disaster incidence in an area. Environmental issues and disasters are also urgent in Indonesian society. Apart from territorial location and demographic problems, damage and indifference to environment often present such disasters as floods, landslides, earthquakes, abrasion and so on. Flood is one of the environmental problems often occurring in Kelurahan Bukit Sari (Bukit Sari Village). This is due to the geographical conditions of Bukit Sari, located on a fairly low plain at several points and the lack of public awareness of environmental concerns. To minimize this environmental problem, the people of Kelurahan Bukit Sari have taken some efforts and movements to take care of the environment. This research is aimed at studying the environmental movements carried out by the community in order to preserve the environment. The results showed that the environmental care community movement is an initiative carried out by the community itself, while the environmental care movement consists of: waste management and sales, urban framing program and weekly mutual help or cooperative movement.

GREEN BONDS AS A NEW FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
M. V. DUBROVA ◽  
◽  
N. N. ZHILINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that in Russia there is no effective mechanism of state support for the activities of non-profit organizations in the field of “green Finance”. The role of non-profit organizations is leveled, which can become a serious help in solving economic problems, in particular, the problems of recycling and processing of secondary raw materials, the placement of industrial waste and household garbage, and landscaping of large megacities. The main financial burden in the field of “green economy” falls on States and large enterprises. Meanwhile, we cannot ignore the important role of non-profit organizations that can not only draw attention to environmental problems to the public, but also offer their own measures to solve environmental problems. In this regard, it becomes relevant to consider the participation of non-profit organizations in the implementation of environmental projects by attracting “green Finance”.

POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF «GREEN BONDS» IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
M. V. DUBROVA ◽  
◽  
N. N. ZHILINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

he relevance of the article is determined by the fact that in Russia there is no effective mechanism of state support for the activities of non-profit organizations in the field of «green Finance». The role of non-profit organizations is leveled, which can become a serious help in solving economic problems, in particular, the problems of recycling and processing of secondary raw materials, the placement of industrial waste and household garbage, and landscaping of large megacities. The main financial burden in the field of «green economy» falls on States and large enterprises. Meanwhile, we cannot ignore the important role of non-profit organizations that can not only draw attention to environmental problems to the public, but also offer their own measures to solve environmental problems. In this regard, it becomes relevant to consider the participation of non-profit organizations in the implementation of environmental projects by attracting «green Finance».

scholarly journals ECO-DESIGN ACTIONS TO IMPROVE LIFE CYCLE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FACE MASKS IN THE PANDEMIC ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1333-1342
Author(s):  
Núria Boix Rodríguez ◽  
Marco Marconi ◽  
Claudio Favi ◽  
Giovanni Formentini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Near Future

AbstractFace masks are currently considered essential devices that people must wear today and in the near future, until the COVID-19 pandemic will be completely defeated through specific medicines and vaccines. Such devices are generally made of thermoplastic polymers, as polypropylene and polyethylene and are single use products. Even if in this period the sanitary emergency must have the maximum priority, the world society should not completely forget the environmental problem that are causing more and more obvious climate changes with correlated damages to ecosystems and human health. Despite the well-known correlation among anti-COVID protective equipment (or more generally medical devices) and environmental issues, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and eco-design-based studies in this field is very scarce. The present study aims to derive the most important environmental criticalities of such products, by using LCA and product circularity indicators of five different common masks. The final aim is to provide eco-design guidelines, useful to design new face masks by preventing negative impact on the environment.

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