scholarly journals A Clinical Approach to the Assessment of Selected Three-Year-Old Pupils’ Renditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-158
Author(s):  
GOBIR MARIAM TITILOPE
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Sound Perception ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Cover Up

Sound perception is pivotal to language acquisition and usage, and it is the bedrock for the display of linguistic knowledge in every individual. However, misperception of sounds and sound production anomalies can be language-based or cognitive oriented. The aim of this study was to assess the utterances of selected three-year-old pupils from a clinical perspective. The study basically adopts a survey research approach. Using the purposive sampling technique and the participatory observation method, twenty utterances of kindergarten pupils were recorded, transcribed and analysed both perceptually and acoustically. This study adapted a blend of the clinical phonological and clinical psycholinguistic approaches for the analysis of the selected pupils’ utterances. The results of the assessment were that even though speech disturbance characterise the language of the pupils, gender difference plays a role in cognitive and linguistic development. The female pupils are found to be less deficient than their male counterparts as their word-realisations are more appropriate and correspond more with the superstrate transcriptions. Also, in spite of the differences in the cognitive abilities of the pupils, they unconsciously adopt simplification procedures to cover up their speech deficiencies. It has been recommended that teachers have a key role to play to facilitate learning by both genders of learners in the classroom by varying their teaching methods and selecting instructional materials carefully.

A Clinical Approach to the Assessment of Selected Three-Year-Old Pupils’ Renditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-158
Author(s):  
GOBIR MARIAM TITILOPE
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Sound Perception ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Cover Up

Sound perception is pivotal to language acquisition and usage, and it is the bedrock for the display of linguistic knowledge in every individual. However, misperception of sounds and sound production anomalies can be language-based or cognitive oriented. The aim of this study was to assess the utterances of selected three-year-old pupils from a clinical perspective. The study basically adopts a survey research approach. Using the purposive sampling technique and the participatory observation method, twenty utterances of kindergarten pupils were recorded, transcribed and analysed both perceptually and acoustically. This study adapted a blend of the clinical phonological and clinical psycholinguistic approaches for the analysis of the selected pupils’ utterances. The results of the assessment were that even though speech disturbance characterise the language of the pupils, gender difference plays a role in cognitive and linguistic development. The female pupils are found to be less deficient than their male counterparts as their word-realisations are more appropriate and correspond more with the superstrate transcriptions. Also, in spite of the differences in the cognitive abilities of the pupils, they unconsciously adopt simplification procedures to cover up their speech deficiencies. It has been recommended that teachers have a key role to play to facilitate learning by both genders of learners in the classroom by varying their teaching methods and selecting instructional materials carefully.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Challenges Facing Orphaned Children and Caregivers in Tanzanian Institutionalized Orphanage Centres

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Theophil Christopher ◽  
Mary Atanas Mosha
Keyword(s):  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Orphaned Children ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Psychosocial Challenges ◽  
Observation Method

This study investigated psychosocial challenges facing orphaned children and caregivers as well as possible intervention strategies that could be adopted to mitigate these challenges in the institutionalised orphaned children centres in Ubungo Municipal, Dar es Salaam. The study used a qualitative research approach and a descriptive research design. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select six orphanage centres. The study had a sample of 67 participants including children receiving orphanage care at the institutionalised orphaned children centres, caregivers and directors of the centres who were selected through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and a non-observation method and were sorted and coded based on themes and presented according to the research questions. Thematic analysis was used in qualitative data. Findings from the study revealed that orphaned children were supported with various services including food, clothes, accommodation, health services, spiritual and educational support, life skills, sports and games. It was found further that the orphans were faced with a lack of adequate health facilities including health insurance coverage, educational materials, sports gear and in some centres inadequate clean and safe water. Caregivers lack counselling knowledge and skills. Therefore, the study recommends community participation in providing care to orphaned children and equipping caregivers with relevant knowledge and skills to perform their duties competently

PROGRAM BIMBINGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ismaniar Ismaniar Ismaniar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Guidance Program ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
11Th Grade

The present study is aimed at developing effective guidance program for increasing student’s learning motivation. The present study applies quantitative research approach with nonequivalent pre-posttest control group quasi-experimental design, and nonrandom-purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using inventory, interview, and documentary study. The study comes up with the main finding that the tested guidance program is proven to be effective for increasing learning motivation students of 11th grade at SMA Kartika XIX-2 Bandung.

The Impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and relationship marketing on relationship maintainer and customer loyalty by mediating role of customer satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Anam Bhatti ◽  
Sumbal Arif ◽  
Marium Marium ◽  
Sohail Younas
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Impact

CSR has become one of the imperative implements in satisfying customers. The impartial of this research is to calculate CSR, relationship marketing, and customer satisfaction. There is no more study accompanied in Pakistan to quantify the effect of CSR and relationship marketing on the relationship maintainer and customer loyalty. To find out deductive approach and survey method is used as research approach and research strategy respectively. This research design is descriptive and quantitative study. For data, collection questionnaire method with semantic differential scale and seven point scales are adopted. Data has been collected by adopting the non-probability convenience technique as sampling technique and the sample size is 400. For factor confirmatory factor analysis, structure equation modeling and medication analysis, regression analysis Amos software were used. Strong empirical evidence supports that the customer’s perception of CSR performance is highly influenced by the values

The utility of non-formal education in addressing the school dropout phenomenon : a case study of Asifundeni Secondary School in Makonde District Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-69
Author(s):  
Francis Muchenje ◽  
◽  
Pedzisai Goronga
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Dropout ◽  
School Level ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Secondary School Level

The study sought to explore students' views on the utility of non-formal education in addressing the school dropout phenomenon at secondary school level. Qualitative research approach was adopted and a case study design was utilised. The population consisted of all the students in the non-formal programme at the school from which a sample of 11 students (2 male and 9 female) was selected through purposive stratified sampling technique. Data were gathered through structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Non-formal education was seen to address the school dropout phenomenon by providing school drop outs with an opportunity to continue their education and hence becomes a form of empowerment. A number of challenges such as lack of adequate tuition in some subjects, lack of conducive learning environment as well as negative perception of non-formal education held by pupils in the formal stream and community members were identified. The study recommends that the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education should review the staffing situation in schools to ensure the availability of teachers in the various subjects in the non-formal stream. Schools should make an effort to provide appropriate learning facilities for students in the nonformal stream. Furthermore, schools should conscientise their communities on the importance of non-formal education.

scholarly journals Vocal Creativity in Elephant Sound Production

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Angela S. Stoeger ◽  
Anton Baotic ◽  
Gunnar Heilmann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Nasal Tissue ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Production Mechanisms

How do elephants achieve their enormous vocal flexibility when communicating, imitating or creating idiosyncratic sounds? The mechanisms that underpin this trait combine motoric abilities with vocal learning processes. We demonstrate the unusual production techniques used by five African savanna elephants to create idiosyncratic sounds, which they learn to produce on cue by positive reinforcement training. The elephants generate these sounds by applying nasal tissue vibration via an ingressive airflow at the trunk tip, or by contracting defined superficial muscles at the trunk base. While the production mechanisms of the individuals performing the same sound categories are similar, they do vary in fine-tuning, revealing that each individual has its own specific sound-producing strategy. This plasticity reflects the creative and cognitive abilities associated with ‘vocal’ learning processes. The fact that these sounds were reinforced and cue-stimulated suggests that social feedback and positive reinforcement can facilitate vocal creativity and vocal learning behavior in elephants. Revealing the mechanism and the capacity for vocal learning and sound creativity is fundamental to understanding the eloquence within the elephants’ communication system. This also helps to understand the evolution of human language and of open-ended vocal systems, which build upon similar cognitive processes.

scholarly journals Awareness and Use of Electronic Information Resources by Students of College of Health Sciences in Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lolade Funmi Osinulu
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Electronic Information Resources ◽  
Library Users ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The study examined awareness and use of electronic Information Resources (EIR) among students in College of Health Sciences, Sagamu, Nigeria. The objectives were to establish types of resources available, determine level of awareness, extent of the use of e-resources and problems faced. Descriptive survey design with real-time observation method was used to collect data using a structured questionnaire. The population comprised 2000 students in the College while purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 200 registered library users for the 2019/2020 academic session. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that majority of the students were not aware of available EIR. It also revealed low frequent usage. The finding indicated that few respondents used EIR for academic purposes. However, inadequate computers, irregular power supply and slow internet speed were identified as major constraints using EIR. Upgrade of infrastructure, adoption of appropriate social media tools to promote awareness and collaborative effort by librarians and faculty members to train students the use of specialized databases were recommended. Keywords:  Electronic information resources, awareness, use, Undergraduates, students, health sciences

scholarly journals The Roles of Micro and Small Enterprises in Empowering Women: The Case of Jimma Town, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Bizuayehu Daba Feyisa ◽  
Kaleb Amanu Tamene
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Electric Power Supply ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Micro And Small Enterprises ◽  
Jimma Town

The main aim of this study was to assess the roles of Micro and Small Enterprises in Empowering Women in Jimma Town. In this study, the researchers employed purely qualitative research approach. Purposive sampling technique was employed as appropriate sampling technique to select research participants. In addition to this, the researchers also used data gathering tools such as in-depth interview and non-participant observations. The study found out that Micro and Small enterprises in Jimma Town have played significant roles in empowering some women entrepreneurs economically and socially by improving their livelihoods, enhancing their self-confidence, decision making capacity, financial autonomy, freedom of mobility and also boosting their social-interactions. The study also found out that women entrepreneurs have been facing serious challenges against their business such as lack of appropriate working and selling places, market linkages, loan, and shortages of raw materials and frequent interruptions of electric power supply. So, the researchers recommended that all concerned government institutions shall try their level best to address such problems to advance women’s empowerment through micro and small enterprises to the best level.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Safety Attitude Culture pada Perawat di Ruang Operasi PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Irma Wulandari ◽  
Titih Huriah ◽  
Sri Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Medical Error ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
High Category ◽  
Safety Attitude

In Indonesia, the incidence of medical error is quite high as evidenced by the existence of hospital incident reports, where in 2010 there were 75% of unexpected events and in 2011 as many as 60% of cases of surgical cases or patients with surgery. Medical error is one of the unwanted events, which occurred in various countries. Therefore it begins to develop a patient safety system. In order to carry out these functions, hospital should be able to carry out management based on customer oriented and patient safety by implementing a safety attitude culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety attitude culture evaluation of nurses in surgery rooms of PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping. This research was a research using a mixed methods research approach; namely a quantitative method with a descriptive approach and qualitative methods with a case study approach. The population in this study was nurses in surgery room with a total sampling technique of 20 people. The questionnaire in this study referred to the Surgery room Version of Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis used descriptive analysis; while qualitative analysis was performed by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. The results shows that overall evaluation of safety culture attitude of nurses in the surgery room summed up in the high category (75,0 %). Meanwhile based on the safety attitude culture component, namely safety climate is in the high category (85,0%), team working climate is in the high category (90,0%), stress recognition is in the high category (65,0%), management perceptions is in the moderate category ( 75,0%), working conditions is in the high category (60,0%), job satisfaction is in the high category (90,0%).

scholarly journals A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice on Personal Protective Equipment among Student Nurses in a Selected College of Nursing, New Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Uzma Anjum ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
College Of Nursing

Personal Protective equipment is also called PPE. It is commonly worn by health care workers to prevent the transmission of infection. PPE includes helmets or caps, face shields, face masks, goggles, gowns, respirators, shoe covers or boots and gloves. These protective coverings will be effective when it is being used in an appropriate manner. The main objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practice on Personal Protective Equipment among student nurses. A Quantitative Research approach along with Descriptive Research design was used. A total of 110 student nurses were selected through Convenient Sampling Technique from DGNM 3rd Year, B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing 2nd Year and B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing 4th Year of Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi in the month of July-August 2020. Structured Questionnaire was used via an online platform (Google forms) due to Covid 19 lockdown to assess the knowledge and practice on PPE. Out of 110 samples, 66 (60%) had good knowledge, followed by 44 (40%) having average knowledge and none were having poor knowledge on PPE, whereas 67 (60.9%) had an average practice, followed by 41 (37.3%) having good practice and only 2 (1.8%) had poor practice on PPE. Findings suggest that there is a need for practice-based knowledge assessment in clinical areas and thus improvement in the practice of PPE while working in hospitals.

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