scholarly journals Cluster-based Status Aware routing Mechanism for MANETs to Extend the performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Energy Awareness ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Wireless Infrastructure

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) is a wireless infrastructure less network consist of mobile nodes distributed in radio communication area. The network allows its users to free to move i.e., enter anytime as well as leave the network anytime. Characteristics of network are cost effective, time effective, and self-forming. Application of network are military communication, disaster relief, and medical. Thus, communication information is very sensitive, and suitable protocol is needed to enable effective communication. One of the approaches to solve the effective communication is clustering. In this paper we propose a clustering in MANETs based on the current-status. The proposed work performance is evaluated with NS2 simulator, and results are compared with existing cluster-based mechanisms. The results show that the proposed work performance is good in terms of packet delivery, energy awareness, and delay.

CACK—A Counter based Authenticated ACK to mitigate misbehaving nodes from MANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Atheeq ◽  
M Munir Ahamed Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Malicious Nodes ◽  
Communication Range ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Misbehaving Nodes

The evolution of wireless network from wired network presents a worldwide pattern in the previous couple of decades. The adaptability and versatility of MANET made it conceivable in numerous applications. From the various modern wireless networks, Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is the most supreme and distinctive applications. On the contradictory to conventional network frameworks, MANET doesn’t desire any fixed network framework; all the nodes in MANET act as router as well as host. All the mobile nodes in MANET have their own communication range and they can send and receive messages directly to one another until they are in the communication range and use multiple hops through neighbors for the node outside the communication range. The self-organizing property of nodes in MANET made it prominent among the principal applications like military and or emergency rescue sites. In spite of, the openness and dynamic nature of mobile nodes, MANET suffers from malicious nodes.For this situation, it is vital to design a system that detects the malicious nodes to guard MANET from attackers. With the enhancements of the innovation and cost effective hardware, our visualization present a tremendous expansion of MANETs into modern applications. To change in accordance with such environment, we fully trust that it is important to consider its security related issues. In this article, we present our proposed model Counter based authenticated ACKnowledgement (CACK) uniquely developed for MANETs. Implementation shows that the proposed model outperforms compared to existing intrusion detection system with respect to reduced ACK overhead, delay and packet deliveryby mitigating attacks.

Localization and Non-Localization Node Identification Using Dream in MANET

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Singh ◽  
Nitin Mishra ◽  
Angad Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Identification Algorithm ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Location Services ◽  
Wireless Router ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

 A Wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Network consists of variety of mobile nodes that temporally kind a dynamic infrastructure less network. To modify communication between nodes that don’t have direct radio contact, every node should operate as a wireless router and potential forward knowledge traffic of behalf of the opposite node. In MANET Localization is a fundamental problem. Current localization algorithm mainly focuses on checking the localizability of a network and/or how to localize as many nodes as possible. It could provide accurate position information foe kind of expanding application. Localization provide information about coverage, deployment, routing, location, services, target tracking and rescue If high mobility among the mobile nodes occurs path failure breaks. Hence the location information cannot be predicted. Here we have proposed a localization based algorithm which will help to provide information about the localized and non-localized nodes in a network. In the proposed approach DREAM protocol and AODV protocol are used to find the localizability of a node in a network. DREAM protocol is a location protocol which helps to find the location of a node in a network whereas AODV is a routing protocol it discover route as and when necessary it does not maintain route from every node to every other. To locate the mobile nodes in a n/w an node identification algorithm is used. With the help of this algorithm localized and non-localized node can be easily detected in respect of radio range. This method helps to improve the performance of a module and minimize the location error and achieves improved performance in the form of UDP packet loss, received packet and transmitted packets, throughput, routing overhead, packet delivery fraction. All the simulation done through the NS-2 module and tested the mobile ad-hoc network.

scholarly journals ANT COLONY OPTIMIZED ROUTING FOR MOBILE ADHOC NETWORKS (MANET)

2013 ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
DWEEPNA GARG ◽  
PARTH GOHIL
Keyword(s):  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Ant Colony Algorithms ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without using centralized access points, infrastructure, or centralized administration. Routing means the act of moving information across an internet work from a source to a destination. The biggest challenge in this kind of networks is to find a path between the communication end points, what is aggravated through the node mobility. In this paper we present a new routing algorithm for mobile, multi-hop ad-hoc networks. The protocol is based on swarm intelligence. Ant colony algorithms are a subset of swarm intelligence and consider the ability of simple ants to solve complex problems by cooperation. The introduced routing protocol is well adaptive, efficient and scalable. The main goal in the design of the protocol is to reduce the overhead for routing. We refer to the protocol as the Ant Colony Optimization Routing (ACOR).

scholarly journals An Assessment on Energy Efficient Protocols for MANETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1556-1561
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Network Functionality ◽  
Current Energy

A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a wireless network created without any static infrastructure and works in a decentralized fashion. The nodes are independent and communicated with each other by self-organizing among those nodes to provide the global network functionality. It draws more attention in recent years because of enormous applications and its cost-effective implementation. The communication among these nodes entirely depends on the routing path and battery power. Many researches have concentrated only on finding the shortest path and throughput in this area. The energy-efficient routing has a lot of scope and important factor to be considered for routing in MANET’s. In this article, the current energy-efficient routing protocols will be extensively reviewed and results tabulated. Finally, the paper proposes open areas in which the performance of the network may be improved by considering energy-efficient networks, achieving stability in the network and finding better routes.

Security Issues in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2014 ◽  
pp. 176-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Kamlesh Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Security Vulnerabilities ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is a self-organizing, infrastructure-less network of mobile nodes connecting by wireless links. In operation, the nodes of MANETs do not have a central control mechanism. It is known for its properties of routable network, where each node acts as a router to forward packets to other specific nodes in the network. The unique properties of MANET have made it useful for large number of applications and led to a number of security challenges. Security in the mobile ad hoc network is a very critical job and requires the consideration of different security issues on all the layers of communication. The countermeasures are the functions that reduce or eliminate security vulnerabilities and attacks. This chapter provides a comprehensive study of all prominent attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks described in the literature. It also provides various proactive and reactive approaches proposed to secure the MANETs. Moreover, it also points to areas of research that need to be investigated in the future.

Wireless Networks

2017 ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Monika Rani ◽  
Harish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Limited Bandwidth ◽  
Intermittent Connectivity ◽  
Greedy Forwarding ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Signal Fading ◽  
Wireless Infrastructure

VANET is a type of Mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET) that provides wireless communication between close by moving vehicles as well as between vehicles and road side fixed equipment. It requires the vehicles to be equipped with sensors and wireless devices and fixed roadside wireless infrastructure. There are number of research issues like Highly Dynamic Topology, Signal fading, Limited Bandwidth, Intermittent Connectivity, Mobility Modelling, Propagation Model, Routing which needs attention. The scope of this chapter is focused on various advances in Greedy Forwarding routing techniques. Various VANET routing protocols are reviewed and compared in this chapter.

Effective Routing in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks With Power and End-to-End Delay Optimization

2018 ◽  
pp. 206-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamata Rath
Keyword(s):  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Minimum Power Consumption ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) has always been a challenging and pioneering wireless network providing magnificent technology support starting from everyday life to disaster and critical environment. In industrial applications and most of the real-world solicitations, the MANET technology greatly suffers due to practical challenges faced by the network, power deficiency, and dynamic topology change being the prominent factors. Many cross-layer platforms supporting real-time applications have been developed by many researchers with the basic intention being maximum utilization of resources in the resource constrained environment of MANET, minimum power consumption using limited residual battery power of the highly transferable mobile nodes. This chapter presents the design of an optimized network layer protocol with delay management and power efficiency.

The Robustness of RM-DSR Multipath Routing Protocol with Different Network Size in MANET

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Naseer Ali Husieen ◽  
Suhaidi Hassan ◽  
Osman Ghazali ◽  
Lelyzar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
Dynamic Source

This paper evaluates the performance of Reliable Multipath Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (RM-DSR) protocol with different network size compared to DSR protocol. RM-DSR developed in the mobile ad-hoc network to recover from the transient failure quickly and divert the data packets into a new route before the link is disconnected. The performance of RM-DSR protocol is tested in the Network Simulator (NS-2.34) under the random way point mobility model with varying number of mobile nodes. The network size parameter is used to investigate the robustness and the efficiency of RM-DSR protocol compared to DSR protocol. The network size affects the time of the route discovery process during the route establishment and the route maintenance process which could influence the overall performance of the routing protocol. The simulation results indicate that RM-DSR outperforms DSR in terms of the packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, end-to-end delay, normalized routing load and packet drop.

A New Secure Ad-Hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol to Ensure Less Power Consumption in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2483-2487
Author(s):  
Nippun Kamboj ◽  
Dalip ◽  
Munishwar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Current Time

Current time represents the era of communication technology and in this revolution MANET is widely used and act as a key star for data communication in real life decisive scenario for e.g., disaster management, traffic control, military services etc. MANET is infrastructureless data communication network comprising of mobile nodes. For MANET it requires secure and energy efficient framework for the underlying routing protocol. To meet the need of efficient data communication in MANET, an Energy Efficient and Secure AODV (EES-AODV) protocol is proposed. In the projected routing protocol, first the order of network nodes happen dependent on energy and afterward encryption has been done. Simulation of projected protocol is performed for such as Average Delay, PDR and Throughput. Simulated results shows that modified AODV gives optimized performance and provides a more secure and energy aware protocol.

scholarly journals Link-state QoS routing protocol under various mobility models

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 906
Author(s):  
Safaa Laqtib ◽  
Khalid El Yassini ◽  
Moulay Lahcen Hasnaoui
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobility Models ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Link State ◽  
Random Waypoint

<p>Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a group of mobile or wireless nodes that are placed randomly and dynamically that causes the continual change between nodes. A mobility model attempts to mimic the movement of real mobile nodes that change the speed and direction with time. The mobility model that accurately represents the characteristics of the mobile nodes in an ad hoc network is the key to examine whether a given protocol. The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of four different mobility models (i.e. Random Waypoint, Random Direction, Random walk, and Steady-State Random Waypoint) in MANET. These models were configured with Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol under three QoS (Quality of Service) <a title="Learn more about Metrics" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metrics">metrics</a> such as the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Throughput, End-to-End delay. The simulation results show the effectiveness of Steady-State Random Waypoint Mobility Models and encourage further investigations to extend it in order to guarantee other QoS requirements.</p>

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