scholarly journals A Framework for Aspectual Requirements Validation: an Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Abdelsalam M. Maatuk ◽  
Sohil F. Alshareef ◽  
Tawfig M. Abdelaziz

Requirements engineering is a discipline of software engineering that is concerned with the identification and handling of user and system requirements. Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering (AORE) extends the existing requirements engineering approaches to cope with the issue of tangling and scattering resulted from crosscutting concerns. Crosscutting concerns are considered as potential aspects and can lead to the phenomena “tyranny of the dominant decomposition”. Requirements-level aspects are responsible for producing scattered and tangled descriptions of requirements in the requirements document. Validation of requirements artefacts is an essential task in software development. This task ensures that requirements are correct and valid in terms of completeness and consistency, hence, reducing the development cost, maintenance and establish an approximately correct estimate of effort and completion time of the project. In this paper, we present a validation framework to validate the aspectual requirements and the crosscutting relationship of concerns that are resulted from the requirements engineering phase. The proposed framework comprises a high-level and low-level validation to implement on software requirements specification (SRS). The high-level validation validates the concerns with stakeholders, whereas the low-level validation validates the aspectual requirement by requirements engineers and analysts using a checklist. The approach has been evaluated using an experimental study on two AORE approaches. The approaches are viewpoint-based called AORE with ArCaDe and lexical analysis based on Theme/Doc approach. The results obtained from the study demonstrate that the proposed framework is an effective validation model for AORE artefacts.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Andriani Andriani

Background: Menarche in young women can cause anxiety. Many teenagers view menarche as a frightening thing, because menarche will cause discomfort, pain, dizziness and so on, Psychological symptoms to reject the physiological process. Anxiety is an excessive emotional reactivity, a dull depression, or a sensitive context, an emotional response. Purpose: The objective of the study was to understand the relationship of attitude knowledge and family support with the level of anxiety of adolescent girls. Methods: This research is quantitative type with anlitik design with coss sectional approach. The study was conducted in February - April 2018. The sample in this study was female teenager amounting to 25 people. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The study was conducted using primary data obtained from the questionnaire, and univariate and bivariate analysis using chi-square statistical test. Results: From the result of research analysis of knowledge relationship with anxiety level got 15 respondents who have high knowledge of 8 people (53,3%) with high level of anxiety and 7 people (46,70%) with low level of anxiety. 13 respondents were positive attitude 6 people (46,2%) with high level of anxiety and 7 people (53,8%) with low level of anxiety. of 14 respondents who received family support and 7 people (46.2%) with high anxiety level and 7 people (53.8%) with low anxiety level. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study found no relationship of knowledge with anxiety level with p value 0.742> ? 0.05, Based on the results of the study found no relation attitude with anxiety level with p value 0,529> ? 0.05, Based on the results obtained did not there is a relationship of family support with anxiety level with p value 0,495> ? 0,05. Latar Belakang: Menarche yaitu haid pertama kali pada remaja putri dapat menimbulkan kecemasan. Banyak remaja memandang menarche adalah hal yang menakutkan, karena menarche akan menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan, sakit, pusing dan sebagainya, Gejala psikologis untuk menolak proses fisiologis tersebut. Kecemasan  merupakan  reaktivitas  emosional  berlebihan, depresi  yang  tumpul,  atau  konteks  sensitif,  respon  emosional. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetuhui hubungan pengetahuan sikap dan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan remaja putri. Metode: Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan desain analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari – April 2018. sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri yang berjumlah 25 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple Random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner, dan analisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil: Dari hasil analisis penelitian hubungan pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan didapatkan  15 responden yang berpengetahuan tinggi 8 orang (53,3%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi dan 7 orang (46,70%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang rendah. 13 responden yang sikap positif 6 orang (46,2%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi dan 7 orang (53,8%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang rendah. dari 14 responden yang mendapat dukungan keluarga dan 7 orang (46,2%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi dan 7 orang (53,8%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang rendah. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan dengan p value 0,742 > ? 0,05, Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan sikap dengan tingkat kecemasan dengan p value 0,529 > ? 0,05, Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan dengan p value 0,495 > ? 0,05.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Hamdan ◽  
Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee

PurposeAs social media platforms continue to have an increased presence in influencer marketing, researchers and practitioners are seeking ways to optimize the use of these platforms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of brand encroachment, a level of brand's control over the promotion executed by social media influencers (SMIs), on the importance of interactivity of SMIs.Design/methodology/approachThis study examined the effect of brand encroachment on interactivity whilst examining the mediating effects of both passion and personal power. The study was an online, one-factor between-subjects design comparing high level of brand encroachment vs low level of brand encroachment.FindingsThe results of the experimental study suggest that as brand encroachment decreases, there is an increasing importance of being interactive. In addition, with lower brand encroachment, SMIs portray more personal power and passion toward the product or service being promoted.Originality/valueAs influencers create communities via increased levels of engagement, authenticity and relatability, it is of paramount importance that SMIs build relationships through interactivity in low-brand encroachment settings. Brands should offer more opportunities for SMIs to be interactive with their audience, while intrinsically building their personal power and passion as sources for these interactions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-56
Author(s):  
Kresno Yulianto

A lot of damage due to excessive exploitation has been done on the prominent archaeological site ofTrowulan, and this may partly be attributable to the minimum involvement of the community in the conservationefforts. The experimental study aims to assess the different effects of the two community- based conservationmethods—Participation Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA)—on the communityparticipation in the preservation of the site. Four questions were raised as to (1) whether there is any differencebetween the participation of the community applying the PRA method and that of the community applying theRRA method; (2) whether there is any difference between the participation of the community with high levelcultural understanding applying the PRA method and that of the community with high level culturalunderstanding applying the RRA method; (3) whether there is any difference between the participation of thecommunity with low level cultural understanding applying the PRA method and that of the community with lowlevel cultural understanding applying the RRA method; and (4) whether there is any interaction between problemsolving strategy and cultural understanding in the participation of the community in the conservation of theTrowulan archaeological site. The 2x2 factorial design was applied on a sample consisting of 60 randomlyselected adult and married respondents from two villages in Kecamatan Trowulan. The study found (1) asignificant difference between the participation of the community applying the PRA method and that of thecommunity applying the RRA method; (2) no difference between the participation of the community with highlevel cultural understanding applying the PRA method and that of the community with high level culturalunderstanding applying the RRA method; (3) no difference between the participation of the community with lowlevel cultural understanding applying the PRA method and that of the community with low level culturalunderstanding applying the RRA method; and (4) interaction between problem solving strategy and culturalunderstanding in the participation of the community in the conservation of the Trowulan archaeological site.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naidan Zhang ◽  
Jianzhao Zhai ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Junlong Zhang ◽  
Bei Cai ◽  
...  

Abstract In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of IKBKE rs15672 and BANK1 rs12640056 gene polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility in China. A case-control study was performed on 567 SLE patients and 345 healthy controls. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs15672, rs2296164, rs12640056, rs6842661, rs1957106 and rs2274064) and clinical features were analyzed. Genotyping was executed with improved multiplex ligation detection reaction assay. SNP rs15672 increased the risk (P = 0.028, OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.02–1.52) but rs12640056 decreased the risk of SLE (P = 0.015, OR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.64–0.95). For rs15672, patients carrying allele A assumed high-level IL-6 (25.36 ± 4.64 vs 16.56 ± 2.95, P = 0.036) and IL-4 (12.06 ± 4.51 vs 4.88 ± 1.76, P = 0.047), but low-level granzyme B (14.07 ± 1.86 vs 18.38 ± 3.85, P = 0.023), IL-18 (267.39 ± 14.67 vs 348.57 ± 44.25, P = 0.002) and IL-33 (0.91 ± 0.26 vs 2.19 ± 1.35, P = 0.029). Organ injury showed that mutant genotype at rs15672 had high-prevalence of arthritis (32.02%) and serositis (34.78%), but low in neuropathy (9.09%). For rs12640056, patients carrying allele T assumed low-level IL-33 (0.46 ± 0.17 vs 2.16 ± 1.00, P = 0.009). In conclusion, gene polymorphisms of rs15672 and rs12640056 present relevant with susceptibility of SLE, and affect the expression of cytokine and organ injury.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Ilham Safitra Damanik ◽  
Sundari Retno Andani ◽  
Dedi Sehendro

Milk is an important intake to meet nutritional needs. Both consumed by children, and adults. Indonesia has many producers of fresh milk, but it is not sufficient for national milk needs. Data mining is a science in the field of computers that is widely used in research. one of the data mining techniques is Clustering. Clustering is a method by grouping data. The Clustering method will be more optimal if you use a lot of data. Data to be used are provincial data in Indonesia from 2000 to 2017 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The results of this study are in Clusters based on 2 milk-producing groups, namely high-dairy producers and low-milk producing regions. From 27 data on fresh milk production in Indonesia, two high-level provinces can be obtained, namely: West Java and East Java. And 25 others were added in 7 provinces which did not follow the calculation of the K-Means Clustering Algorithm, including in the low level cluster.


Author(s):  
Margarita Khomyakova

The author analyzes definitions of the concepts of determinants of crime given by various scientists and offers her definition. In this study, determinants of crime are understood as a set of its causes, the circumstances that contribute committing them, as well as the dynamics of crime. It is noted that the Russian legislator in Article 244 of the Criminal Code defines the object of this criminal assault as public morality. Despite the use of evaluative concepts both in the disposition of this norm and in determining the specific object of a given crime, the position of criminologists is unequivocal: crimes of this kind are immoral and are in irreconcilable conflict with generally accepted moral and legal norms. In the paper, some views are considered with regard to making value judgments which could hardly apply to legal norms. According to the author, the reasons for abuse of the bodies of the dead include economic problems of the subject of a crime, a low level of culture and legal awareness; this list is not exhaustive. The main circumstances that contribute committing abuse of the bodies of the dead and their burial places are the following: low income and unemployment, low level of criminological prevention, poor maintenance and protection of medical institutions and cemeteries due to underperformance of state and municipal bodies. The list of circumstances is also open-ended. Due to some factors, including a high level of latency, it is not possible to reflect the dynamics of such crimes objectively. At the same time, identification of the determinants of abuse of the bodies of the dead will reduce the number of such crimes.


1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Stafford ◽  
Kniceley Jr. ◽  
Monteith Roger L. ◽  
Kimbrell Gregory E. ◽  
Jones Thomas W. ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372199837
Author(s):  
Walter Herzog ◽  
Johannes D. Hattula ◽  
Darren W. Dahl

This research explores how marketing managers can avoid the so-called false consensus effect—the egocentric tendency to project personal preferences onto consumers. Two pilot studies were conducted to provide evidence for the managerial importance of this research question and to explore how marketing managers attempt to avoid false consensus effects in practice. The results suggest that the debiasing tactic most frequently used by marketers is to suppress their personal preferences when predicting consumer preferences. Four subsequent studies show that, ironically, this debiasing tactic can backfire and increase managers’ susceptibility to the false consensus effect. Specifically, the results suggest that these backfire effects are most likely to occur for managers with a low level of preference certainty. In contrast, the results imply that preference suppression does not backfire but instead decreases false consensus effects for managers with a high level of preference certainty. Finally, the studies explore the mechanism behind these results and show how managers can ultimately avoid false consensus effects—regardless of their level of preference certainty and without risking backfire effects.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document