scholarly journals Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis among the population of southern Kyrgyzstan - A cross-sectional observational study

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-746
Author(s):  
Tugolbai Tagaev ◽  
Farida Imanalieva ◽  
Sagynali Mamatov ◽  
Yethindra Vityala ◽  
Altynai Zhumabekova
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
People Group

Introduction and Aim: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength that increases the risk of fracture in instances of trivial trauma. The objective was to conduct ultrasound bone densitometry in different age groups (18-60 years and older) in southern Kyrgyzstan, to identify and study the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis.   Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study a total of 1200 participants were included, where 580 men and 620 women were aged between 18-60 years and older. Based on the age, the participants were divided into three groups. Bone mineral density in participants was measured using a SONOST-3000 densitometer model. The study was conducted among the population of the Osh and Jalal-Abad regions.   Results: Among the population of Osh state in the first group, normal values were found in 65.0%, osteopenia in 26.0%, and osteoporosis in 9.0% of participants. In the second group, values were significantly higher than in the first group. In the third age group, values exceeded significantly compared to the first and second groups. Similar data were obtained from the population of Jalal-Abad state, but a significant difference was found in the elderly people group with a higher percentage of osteopenia and osteoporosis.   Conclusion: The results showed the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in participants of different age categories of Osh and Jalal-Abad states, and especially in the elderly. Depending on the gender distribution, the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in our study is significantly higher in women than in men.

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density in the Noninstitutionalized Elderly: Influence of Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Cristina de Sousa e Silva Araujo ◽  
Valéria Pagotto ◽  
Erika Aparecida Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Body

Objective. Analysis of bone mineral density (BMD) in the elderly and its associated factors according to sex.Methods. A cross-sectional study is presented herein, with a random sample of 132 noninstitutionalized elderly people. Individuals who did not use diuretics were excluded. BMD was obtained from examination of total body densitometry and its association with sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, anthropometric, and body composition was verified.Results. Mean BMD for men was1.17±0.12 g/cm2and for women was1.04±0.11 g/cm2. Higher education was associated with higher BMD values ​​in men (p<0.05). There was a reduction in BMD in the age group 75–79 years of age in women and over 80 years of age in men (p<0.05). Underweight was associated with significantly low BMD for both sexes (p<0.01), while normal weight was associated with low BMD in women (p<0.001).Discussion. The elderly with low schooling and in older age groups are more probable to also present low BMD. Lower levels of body mass index also indicated towards low BMD.

scholarly journals Assessment of functional capacity in elderly residents of an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson de Vasconcelos Torres ◽  
Luciana Araújo dos Reis ◽  
Luana Araújo dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Outlying Area

OBJECTIVE: To assess the functional capacity and to determine the difference between the means of functional capacity (basic and instrumental activities of daily living) and the age groups of elderly residents in an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast of Brazil. METHOD: Analytical study with cross-sectional design and a sample of 150 elderly individuals enrolled in four Health Units in the municipality of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of sociodemographic and health data, the Barthel Index and the Lawton scale. RESULTS: In all, 78.00% of the elderly were classified as dependent in the basic activities and 65.33% in the instrumental activities of daily living. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found a statistically significant difference between the means of instrumental activities and the age groups (p=0.011). CONCLUSION: An elevated number of elderly were classified as dependent in terms of functional capacity and increased age is related to greater impairment in the execution of instrumental activities of daily living.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL, FUNCTIONAL MOBILITY AND FALL RISK IN THE ELDERLY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raesa Andrade da Silva ◽  
Glaudson Sá Brandão ◽  
Anderson Soares Silva ◽  
Jessica Julioti Urbano ◽  
Ezequiel Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Low levels of physical activity and functional mobility lead to greater difficulty in performing activities of daily living and are directly proportional to mortality in the elderly. Thus, there are the need to create mechanisms linked to the maintenance of the functional capacity, which assure the elderly autonomy and self-confidence. Objective: To verify the level of physical activity and functional mobility in the elderly and if this functional mobility suffers interference of the age group and physical activity. Methods: The study involved the elderly aged 60 and over, living in Senhor do Bonfim (BA), in the northeastern region of Brazil, from February to July 2015. The evaluation of the subjects occurred in a single session, with physical and general clinical evaluation, as well as the collection of sociodemographic, anthropometric and self-reported morbidities through the application of questionnaires. It was also carried out the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) to verify the levels of functional mobility and level of physical activity with application of the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity (IPAQ) adapted for the elderly. Results: In this study, 127 patients were studied, predominantly female (87%) and mean age of 68 ± 7 years, and the majority of the elderly corresponded to the age group of 60 to 69 years. The elderly belonging to the group considered inactive (IPAQ up to 150 min/weekly) presented the execution time of TUG higher than the elderly in the group considered active (IPAQ > 150 min/weekly), with averaging time for carrying out the test of 10.5±2 minutes and 8.9±2 minutes respectively, with a statistically significant difference of p<0.01. And the execution time of TUG increased proportionally to the increase of the age group. Conclusion: Elderly with lower level of physical activity and belonging to the higher age groups present a higher risk of falls. Strategies should be developed to stimulate increased physical activity level and functional mobility of this population, especially among the older ones, reducing the incidence of falls and providing greater autonomy.

scholarly journals Assessment of Predictors of Hyperkalemia in Cardiovascular Diseased Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Manasa R ◽  
Aksa Johnson ◽  
Presly Thomas Augustine ◽  
Anjana Tom
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose: The objective is to determine the predictors of hyperkalaemia, severity of hyperkalaemia and to access the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases Methodology: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on the predictors of hyperkalaemia in CVD patients, in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 6 months. Results: Among 105 patients, there were 83 males and 22 females, the age group from 41-60 year shows more CVDs and 61-80 years aged patients are more prone to hyperkalaemia and shows more prevalent when compared to other age groups. The major risk factors of hyperkalaemia were Drugs (30.23%), Disease (58.13%), and Drug interactions (11.62%).Among the cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial Infarction (38%) were the most common type of CVD, while in hyperkalaemia Ischemic Heart Disease (48.83%) were more prevalent. The severity of hyperkalaemia is measured as Mild (60.46%), Moderate (37.20%), and Severe (2.32%). Conclusion: The present study was carried out in order to assess the predictors, prevalence and severity of hyperkalaemia in cardiovascular disease patients. Our study concluded that patients with cardiovascular disease can have an increased risk of hyperkalaemia. Keywords:  CVD, Hyperkalaemia, Cross sectional observational study, Predictors, Prevalence, Severity.

scholarly journals Dental caries and its association with present day dietary patterns: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2138
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Munjal ◽  
Puneet Singh Talwar ◽  
Jagjit Singh ◽  
Mandeep Kumar ◽  
Ramandeep Gambhir
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with diet being one of the contributing factors. The influence of vegetarianism on the development of caries has scarcely been investigated in the past. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the association of dental caries with frequency of sugar exposures and vegetarian / mixed diet.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 2500 school children of 12 and 15 years age groups selected on the basis of simple random sampling from different schools of the city. Dental caries was recorded using Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth index (WHO modification, 1997) and correlated with the different dietary variables. Subjects were also segregated on the basis of diet: vegetarian and mixed. Statistical analysis was done using Student t-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the 12 and 15 year age group of subjects consuming mixed diet was 83.36% and 86.47% respectively. It was lower in case of subjects on vegetarian diet. The correlation between DMFS and TSE, FSE and AMSE was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) in the 12 year age-group. In the 15 year age-group the correlation of DMFS with TSE and LSE was also found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in dental caries status among subjects in both the groups (vegetarian and mixed). However, there was significant association between sugar exposures and dental caries among subjects of both the age-groups.

scholarly journals Age-Related Haematological Variations in Patients with Asymptomatic Malaria in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
Ayomiposi Ibironke Busari ◽  
Immaculata Ogochukwu Uduchi ◽  
I. A. Ogomaka ◽  
Adaobi Maryann Ibekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ondo State

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease of widespread burden. Malaria remains a leading communicable disease in the developing countries of the world. It occurs mostly in the tropical and subtropical regions and accounts for considerable morbidity and death. Malaria which is liable for a major amount of mortalities in endemic countries has been revealed to have both direct and indirect impacts on the haematologicalparameters.The study was done to compare the levels of haematological parameters of asymptomatic malaria patients based on age groups. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study among asymptomatic malaria patients based on age groups. This study was conducted in Oda Road area of Akure, Ondo State. Two hundred (200) subjects were recruited for this study with each group comprising of 100 subjects for patients with asymptomatic malaria for the 2 age groups (16-30 years and 31-65 years). The data were presented in tables and as mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using student-test for parametric data and chi-square for non parametric data by statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS, Version 20.0) and level of significance set at as p≤ 0.05. Results: The results showed that subjects on age group 16-30 years were 100(50%) comprising of 50 males (25%) and 50 females (25). Also age group 31-65 years has 100 subjects (50%) comprising of 50 males (25%) and 50 females (25).The results showed significant difference in MCV (p=0.008), MCH (p=0.024) and no significant difference in PCV (p=0.675), WBC (p= 0.224), LYM (p=0.109), GRAN (p=0.061), MID (p=0.066), RBC (p=0.119), Hb (p=0.546), MCHC (p=0.262), PLT (p=0.783), when compared between age groups in years (16-30 and 31-65). Conclusion: The study showed increase in MCV and MCH of asymptomatic malaria patients within the age group of 31-65 years compared to asymptomatic malaria patients on 16-30 years age group. This shows that microcytic hypochromic anaemia may be experienced in asymptomatic malaria patients within the age group of 16-30 years more than in 31-65 years age group.

scholarly journals The Older, the More Forgiving? Characteristics of Forgiveness of Chinese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjin Tao ◽  
Tingting Zhu ◽  
Yanglu Min ◽  
Mingxia Ji
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Category ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Age Groups

This study explores the characteristics of forgiveness in the aging cohorts, which is regarded to be associated with healthy outcomes. Data were drawn from a sample of 308 older adults (aged from 60 to 98 years) who completed the forgiveness questionnaire: forgiving others of The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) to examine explicit forgiveness, and among the participants, 44 older adults were administrated on the variant single category of implicit association test (SC-IAT) to examine the implicit forgiveness. The results revealed that (1) there is no correlation between explicit forgiveness and implicit forgiveness of older adults. (2) The result of explicit forgiveness is relatively high while that of implicit forgiveness is relatively low. (3) There was no significant correlation between explicit forgiveness and age, but there was significant difference between age groups, as forgiveness tendency of the elderly had a trough in the age group of 70–79 and then rebounded. (4) Implicit forgiveness was significantly correlated with age, and the difference between age groups was marginal. The forgiveness tendency of the elderly over 80 years old was significantly higher than that of the other two age groups. (5) Gender differences are found in both explicit and implicit forgiveness. The findings indicated that (1) explicit and implicit measures in this study have assessed independent and complementary aspects of forgiveness tendency in older adults. (2) Implicit forgiveness falls behind explicit forgiveness, and true internal forgiveness is difficult and rare in older adults according to data analysis. (3) The trend of explicit forgiveness with age is not obvious, because explicit forgiveness in the middle old age group presents an inflection point. However, implicit forgiveness increases slowly with age. (4) Women excel men in scores obtained with both explicit and implicit measures for forgiveness.

scholarly journals Determination of Anthropometric Indicators of 2 to 6 Years Old Kindergarten and Preschool Children in Isfahan City in 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid ZARRIN KAFSH ◽  
Gholam Hossein HALVANI ◽  
Hossein FALLAH ◽  
Mahsa ASGARI
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: Creation of anthropometric database in any age group is one of the most important issues in designing and manufacturing of used equipment. The aim of this study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics of nurses of kindergartens and preschools in Isfahan in the age range of 2 to 6 years and to create an information reference.Materials and Methods: In this applied study, 700 healthy male and female boys were selected randomly from cluster sampling from nursery schoolchildren and preschools in Isfahan city. 36 anthropometric measurements of them were cross-sectional in the academic year 1396 to 1397. And indicators and statistical percentiles (5.50 and 95) were extracted.Results: Statistical indexes and percentiles were presented as an anthropometric database in 5 age groups and in two sex groups. Age and sex were influenced by most anthropometric variables and significant difference (P <0.05). .Conclusion: The age and sex are two factors affecting anthropometric variables. Therefore, it is necessary to use the anterpometric database of the same age group and gender in the design of the equipment.

Screening for gestational diabetes in low-risk women: effect of maternal age

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Kalok ◽  
Pravin Peraba ◽  
Shamsul Azhar Shah ◽  
Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy ◽  
Mohamad Abdul Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Risk Women

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is on the rise globally and there are various screening guidelines with regard to patients’ criteria. Materials and methods We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of GDM amongst low-risk pregnant women above the age of 25 years. A modified glucose tolerance test (MGTT) was performed between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation. Women with GDM were divided into two groups for analysis: age between 25 and 34 years (group A) and above 35 years (group B). They were managed as per hospital protocol and followed-up until delivery. The women’s demographic data, treatment and subsequent pregnancy outcomes were analysed. Results The overall prevalence of GDM in our low-risk women was 14%. GDM was less common in the younger age group (25–34 years) in comparison to those aged above 35 years (9.7% vs. 26.3%, p = 0.001). There was a non-significant increase in the induction of labour (IOL) rate amongst those aged below 35 years compared to the older group (46.7 % vs. 38.5%). The insulin requirement in the age group 25–34 years and above 35 years, were 6.7% and 23.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference between both age groups with regard to caesarean delivery, birth weight above the 95th centile and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Conclusion In low-risk women, the prevalence of GDM is significantly lower in those aged less than 35 years. Diagnosing GDM had resulted in the increment of IOL in this group, although with no significant increase in maternal and neonatal morbidity.

A Cross-Sectional Study of the Perceived Stressfulness of Several Life Events

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Sands ◽  
John Parker
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults

Adults from different age groups (18–24, 30–40, and 65–86) were tested to determine if they differ in their perception of certain stressful life events. Twenty adults from each age group were asked to rate a series of events according to their perceived relative stressfulness; included were events thought to be particularly salient for elderly adults. Amster and Krauss' list of events and Holmes and Rahe's procedure for quantifying stress were used. Group differences were not found for the elderly salient events; however it was found that elderly adults perceive death-related events as less stressful than do younger adults.

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