scholarly journals Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics: A brief review with future prospects

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-719
Author(s):  
Jyotirmayee Bahinipati ◽  
Rajlaxmi Sarangi ◽  
Sanjukta Mishra ◽  
Srikrushna Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Developed World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nutritional Sciences

Individual’s genetic makeup best describes the properties regarding its growth and development. It is stored and passed on to generations and is in dynamic equilibrium with the environmental and other non-living factors. The most predominant environmental stimuli are diet/nutrition.  Diet/nutrition interacts and modulates varying underlying molecular mechanisms central to various physiological functions basically at three different levels: genome, proteome, and metabolome. Advances in genomic studies are paving the way to the development of scientific insights into nutritional sciences. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics are closely associated but two different areas of nutritional research. Both the fields involved the study of the implication between nutrition, metabolism, and genetic mechanism. The primary goal is to pinpoint nutrient-dependent health characteristics and nutrition dependent diseases. Another important area connected to these sciences concerns food composition and performance of quality assessment by studying proteomics and metabolic pathways. Nutrigenomics explains how the nutrients influences or effects the expression of the, while the response of different gene variants to nutrients or different dietary components is called Nutrigenetics. A personalized based diet can help us to know the right nutrient to take or avoid those who may potentially harm overall health. The goals are intended to alter or decrease the impact of hostile dietary changes that have occurred in since past in the developed world and more recently in the developing countries.

Performance measurement and resource sharing among business sub-units in the presence of non-discretionary factors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Shakouri ◽  
Maziar Salahi
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Decision Making Unit ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to apply a new approach for resource sharing and efficiency estimation of subunits in the presence of non-discretionary factors and partial impacts among inputs and outputs in the data envelopment analysis (DEA) framework. Design/methodology/approach First, inspired by the Imanirad et al.’s model (2013), the authors consider that each decision-making unit (DMU) may consist of several subunits, that each of which can be affected by non-discretionary inputs. After that, the Banker and Morey’s model (1996) is used for modeling non-discretionary factors. For measuring performance of several subunits, which can be considered as DMUs, the aggregate efficiency is suggested. At last, the overall efficiency is computed and compared with each other. Findings One of the important features of proposed model is that each output in this model applies discretionary input according to its need; therefore, the result of this study will make it easier for the managers to make better decisions. Also, it indicates that significant predictions of the development of the overall efficiency of DMUs can be based on observing the development level of subunits because of the influence of non-discretionary input. Therefore, the proposed model provides a more reasonable and encompassing measure of performance in participating non-discretionary and discretionary inputs to better efficiency. An application of the proposed model for gaining efficiency of 17 road patrols is provided. Research limitations/implications More non-discretionary and discretionary inputs can be taken into consideration for a better analysis. This study provides us with a framework for performance measures along with useful managerial insights. Focusing upon the right scope of operations may help out the management in improving their overall efficiency and performance. In the recent highway maintenance management systems, the environmental differences exist among patrols and other geotechnical services under the climate diverse. Further, in some cases, there might exist more than one non-discretionary factor that can have different effects on the subunits’ performance. Practical implications The purpose of this paper was to measure the performance of a set of the roadway maintenance crews and to analyze the impact of non-discretionary inputs on the efficiency of the roadway maintenance. The application of the proposed model, on the one hand, showed that each output in this model uses discretionary input according to its requirement, and on the other hand, the result showed that meaningful predictions of the development of the overall efficiency of DMUs can be based on observing the development level of subunits because of the impact of non-discretionary input. Originality/value Providing information on resource sharing by taking into account non-discretionary factors for each subunit can help managers to make better decisions to increase the efficiency.

scholarly journals Corporate Governance Role in Improving the Financial Information Quality within the Saudi Electricity Company: دور حوكمة الشركات في تحسين جودة المعلومات المحاسبة في الشركة السعودية للكهرباء

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa Hassan Baabbad
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Governance System ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact

The present study aimed to find out the role of corporate governance in improving the quality of information in the Saudi Electricity Company. The researcher used the descriptive survey methodology. As to achieve the study objectives، the researcher utilized the questionnaire tool، in which the study sample (50) members of SEC distributed into employees، managers and decision makers. The study concluded to many results، among of which are: there is a statistically significant relationship between the availability of corporate governance system and performance improvement of the Saudi Electricity Company، there is a statistically significant relationship between corporate governance and appropriateness in improving the performance of the Saudi Electricity Company، it was also found that there is a statistically significant relationship between corporate governance and optimal disclosure in improving the performance of Saudi Electricity Company. The study also found that there is a statistically significant relationship between corporate governance and the right timing in improving the performance of the Saudi Electricity Company. The study suggested number of recommendations، among of which are: the importance of the shareholding companies to comply with the corporate governance regulations considering the interest of companies and their shareholders and all other parties benefiting from the financial statements، attempting to take advantage of the multiple benefits of corporate governance and expand its application in the various economic units in Saudi Arabia، conduct studies on companies that applies the requirement of the Corporate Governance Regulations، and the impact of the application of corporate governance on the shares of these units to find out the relationship between the quality of accounting information in light of the application of corporate governance and the stock market from another angle، imposing deterrent penalties concerning the Corporate Governance Regulations on companies that did not apply this regulation.

scholarly journals Intelligence Deficits in Chinese Patients with Brain Tumor: The Impact of Tumor Resection

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Shen ◽  
Rong Xie ◽  
Xiaoyun Cao ◽  
Weimin Bao ◽  
Bojie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Background. Intelligence is much important for brain tumor patients after their operation, while the reports about surgical related intelligence deficits are not frequent. It is not only theoretically important but also meaningful for clinical practice.Methods. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale was employed to evaluate the intelligence of 103 patients with intracranial tumor and to compare the intelligence quotient (IQ), verbal IQ (VIQ), and performance IQ (PIQ) between the intracerebral and extracerebral subgroups.Results. Although preoperative intelligence deficits appeared in all subgroups, IQ, VIQ, and PIQ were not found to have any significant difference between the intracerebral and extracerebral subgroups, but with VIQ lower than PIQ in all the subgroups. An immediate postoperative follow-up demonstrated a decline of IQ and PIQ in the extracerebral subgroup, but an improvement of VIQ in the right intracerebral subgroup. Pituitary adenoma resection exerted no effect on intelligence. In addition, age, years of education, and tumor size were found to play important roles.Conclusions. Brain tumors will impair IQ, VIQ, and PIQ. The extracerebral tumor resection can deteriorate IQ and PIQ. However, right intracerebral tumor resection is beneficial to VIQ, and transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection performs no effect on intelligence.

scholarly journals Rapunzel In Developing Economy: A Study About Relationship Between Globalization And Women Workforce Issues In Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Roohi Mumtaz ◽  
Syed Shabib ul Hasan ◽  
Afsheen Nizam ◽  
Saima Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Third World ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
The People ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

As the globalization is bringing change in the business scenarios, there is a need to bring change in the mindset, beliefs, attitude and performance to bring change in the lives of the people. By definition globalization is the multifaceted financial, supporting, civilizing and the geographical development through which the flow of money, companies, innovative approach, talks and the employees have taken a transitional change. Women in third world economies are generally confined under social, cultural, religious and economic boundaries where they are not be allowed to utilize their true potentials and prosper. Under such suppression, businesses mostly prefer female labour, as they remain cheaper and obedient. The paper focuses on the relationship between globalization and the women work force issues in Pakistan. The study also highlights the impact of discriminatory acts like gender discrimination, gender employment segregation and financial biasness in Pakistani society. The findings reveal that discrimination and double standards in the society for women is very common and prevail, more obviously in Pakistan. There is a need to eliminate all the discriminatory elements from the mindset by taking visionary steps in the right direction.

Cognitive impairment at the onset of multiple sclerosis: relationship to lesion location

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Reuter ◽  
Wafaa Zaaraoui ◽  
Lydie Crespy ◽  
Anthony Faivre ◽  
Audrey Rico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Deep White Matter ◽  
Lesion Location ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Learning Performances

The impact of lesion location on cognitive functioning was assessed in a group of 97 patients with a clinically isolated syndrome. Using the Brief Repeatable Battery, we evidenced that 24% of patients showed at least one abnormal test, 20% at least two and 15% at least three. Verbal learning performances were inversely associated with presence of lesions in Broca’s area, in the right frontal lobe and in the splenium while spatial learning performances were inversely correlated to the presence of lesions in the deep white matter. No associations were evidenced between lesion location and performance of tasks exploring attention and executive functions.

scholarly journals The Ergonomics of the Islamic Ablution: Exploring Considerations for the Elderly in the Mosque

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-77
Author(s):  
Sarah Aliya Che Hasbi ◽  
Sufian Hamat
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
The People ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

A general observation on the state and condition of the ablution area at some mosques in the country has pictured the place as slippery and unsafe and not properly used and maintained.  This has led to the assumptions that the design of the place had not thoroughly considered the ergonomic factors and right anthropometric of the users which has created discomfort in positioning oneself and accessing the fixtures during the act.  The impact of the problems has never been rationalized and always overlooked particularly on how it may affect the elderly group that is has become very common and being repeated in the provision of the ablution area in other mosque’s design and development.  In consideration of the pressing issues and needs for an appropriate ablution area as part of safety and cleanliness measures at Mosque or Surau, the design of the facility must be emphasized and be based on the needs and physical abilities of the users. This particular study on the ablution area is necessary as it has uncovered salient and common problem of the current design of the place.  The methodology selected for the study was a combination of several methods.  It encompassed onsite observation on the practical use and performance of the ablution area, interview survey on users’ practical experience and design assessment focusing on the ergonomic and anthropometric considerations of the place through measured drawing method.  The results were triangulated to determine the overall performance of the present design of ablution area in facilitating spiritual obligation of the people. For the purpose, three different mosques in Kuala Nerus district namely Masjid UNiSZA (Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin), Masjid UMT (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu) and Masjid Tok Jembal were selected as case studies. The study on the 3 sites of ablution area has displayed results indicating problems generally based on the location and proximity of water faucet and seating provision at the area which apparently were not based on the right ergonomic. This has created discomfort to the users and leaving messy and slippery ground after use.

The Impact of Nutrition Label Regulation on Firm Marketing Action and Performance in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zou ◽  
Yixin Li ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Nutrition Labeling ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Developed World ◽  
The Impact

Although considerable research has been conducted on the impact of nutrition labeling in the economically developed world, there has been relatively little attention to the impact of such programs in developing economies. In 2013, China implemented the Food Nutrition Labeling Act (FNLA), requiring that more standardized information be provided on the packaging of food items. The focus of the current study is the impact of the standardized information disclosure requirement on firms in China, the world's biggest developing economy. In particular, the authors examine the effect of this law on firms in terms of marketing responses (e.g., advertising, R&D, corporate social responsibility) and sales, using a longitudinal, quasi-experimental field study. Findings indicate that, in general, the FNLA has had a positive effect on advertising and R&D investment but a negative effect on donations. When accounting for firm size as an asymmetry, we observe that the FNLA has led to a greater increase in advertising for large firms and a greater increase in sales for small firms.

Thumb-Rest Position and its Role in Neuromuscular Control of the Clarinet Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Kathryn E Young ◽  
Sara A Winges
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Rest Position ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Musicians spend long hours of practice and performance to master their instrument. Clarinet players support their roughly 2-lb instrument on the right-hand thumb, which results in cumulative static loading of the arm. This posture in turn can cause discomfort and, in some cases, evolve into debilitating overuse injuries and pain throughout the right upper limb. Altering the thumb-rest position has been proposed as a way to alleviate this discomfort, although no quantitative research has been conducted on this issue. The purpose of this study was to address the impact of thumb-rest position on the neuromuscular control of holding the clarinet. Surface electromyographic recordings of superficial muscles that control the right thumb, wrist, and arm were taken during realistic playing tasks. Twenty clarinetists performed 10 held notes and 10 exercises on the three different thumb-rest positions. The notes and exercises were chosen to isolate specific elements of playing. We hypothesized that a high thumb-rest position would result in a significantly different balance of muscle activity than traditional and low thumb-rest positions. The patterns of muscle activity recorded among clarinetists were idiosyncratic, but for all players these patterns were influenced by the note(s) played and thumb-rest position, and thus the hypothesis was partially supported. Muscles that acted on the thumb and wrist were most influenced by thumb-rest position. These results support the notion that adjustment of thumb-rest position may be a useful way to alleviate discomfort in the supporting limb but must be evaluated for each individual.

scholarly journals Value Chain and Performance in Agro Allied Small and Medium Scale Enterprise in Sokoto State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 08
Author(s):  
Roko Lumi Peter
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

<p>This study investigates the impact of value chain on the performance of Agro Allied SMEs in Sokoto State. The concept of value chain is too board and some managers are confused on the right value chain activities to choose and apply in their business. Using point time data collected from primary source with the used of questionnaire and applying Ordinary Least Square (OLS) finding reveals that there is significant relation between value chain and performance of Agro Allied SMEs in Sokoto State. Other findings primary activities of value chain contribute significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Sokoto State and secondary activities of value chain contribute significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Niger State. Results recommends that Agro SMEs in Sokoto State should continue to improve on primary and secondary activities of value chain since it contributes significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Sokoto State.</p>

Manufacturing Technology Impact on Environmental Factors and Manufacturing Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 541-542 ◽  
pp. 1532-1536
Author(s):  
Risyawati Mohd Ismail ◽  
Razli Che Razak ◽  
Halim Mad Lazim
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to study the impact of manufacturing technology in facilitating lean manufacturers in achieving superior manufacturing performance while operating with by various challenges from external environment. The paper is based on a survey research done on lean manufacturers in Malaysia and their adoption of manufacturing technology to couple the implemented lean system in mitigating challenges. The challenges faced by lean manufacturing firms in many developing countries includes adopting the right technology, using it efficiently and continuously reviewing production technology in order to gain maximum output. Model from this empirical study is expected to contribute towards the enhancement of theory on contingency and its effect on performance. At theoretical level, the study results showed that of manufacturing technology mediate the relationship between environmental factors and performance of lean manufacturers.

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