scholarly journals The effectiveness of the methods of basic processing of gray forest soil in the link of crop rotation in the production of spring rapeseed and surepitsa seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Row Crop

The article offers studies to determine the effectiveness of processing methods for the productivity of spring rapeseed and surepitsa on the dark gray forest soil of the Ryazan region. As a result, it was revealed that the maximum intensity of decomposition of flax tissue was recorded in the steam link of the crop rotation using the dump method of basic tillage for oilseed cabbage crops. The maximum yield of rapeseed was observed on the variant of the steam link of crop rotation + dump processing (31.3 c / ha), in the surepitsa (25.6 c/ha). A high increase in oilseeds in this variant is 4.7 c / ha, where the NSR05 factor with 0.97 c / ha relative to the minimum basic tillage was recorded in 2015. In the experiment, the trends of increasing the yield of oilseeds of spring rapeseed and surepitsa in the fallow link of the crop rotation relative to the row crop are revealed. The maximum oil content of rapeseed was noted in the rowed link of crop rotation during milling tillage (47.6%); in surepitsa – in the rowed link of crop rotation also during milling (45.1%). Keywords: SPRING RAPESEED, SPRING SUREPITSA, DARK GRAY FOREST SOIL, TILLAGE, YIELD, OIL CONTENT

scholarly journals SWEET OAT CULTIVATION IN LUPIN CROP ROTATION IN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF THE MAIN SOIL TILLAGE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Елена Исаева ◽  
Elena Isaeva ◽  
Ольга Педосич ◽  
Olga Pedosich
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
South West

The article presents results of tests which have been done during the stationary experiment carried out in the South-West of Bryansk region of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia on gray forest soil. The test object in 2015–2018 was to study methods of the main soil tillage and their effect on productivity of sweet oat. The test scheme consists of four variants of the main soil tillage at sweet oat cultivation in four-field lupin crop rotation. The variant earth board ploughing added by deep loosening once in four years for lupin stood out under the test period conditions. Sweet oat had high yield and nutritive value at this soil tillage. These indices were energetically profitable.

scholarly journals The effect of minimum methods of primary tillage on the structural and aggregate composition of gray forest soil in the Chuvash Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-742
Author(s):  
V. G. Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Green Manure Crop ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Aggregate Composition

The article informs on the 2006-2019 studies of the effect of resource-saving methods of tillage based on the use of combined tillage units KOS-3 (1st minimum), BDM-3.2х4 (2nd minimum), Spider-6 (3rd minimum without autumn tillage) in two crop rotations (grain-fallow-row crop rotation and grain-fallow-row green manure crop rotation) on the structural-aggregate composition of gray forest soil and crop yields. During the year of laying the experiment the percentage of structural aggregates (0.25-10 mm) in the soil of a grain-fallow-row crop rotation ranged from 72.2 to 74.4 %, in a grain-fallow-row green manure crop rotation – from 70.1 to 73.2 %, with the structural coefficient (K) 2.60-2.91 and 2.41-2.73, respectively. For two crop rotations the structural state of the soil improved due to the effect of green manure crop rotation (К = 3.07, LSD05 = 0.13) as compared to the grain-row without green manure (К = 2.93). More significant differences according to the soil structure coefficient were obtained in studied tillages: 3.03 (plowing), 3.41 (1st minimum), 2.91 (2nd minimum), 2.65 (3d minimum) with LSD05 = 0.17. The first and the second methods of minimal tillage had an advantage over plowing as to the increase in agronomically valuable aggregates (0.25-10 mm) as compared with the original soil. On the average among the crop rotations the yield of grain crops by classical and 1st minimum methods of tillage (3.65-3.66 t/ha) exceeded significantly the indicators of all the rest variants with minimum tillage (by 0.15-0.43 t/ha, LSD05 = 0.10). The yield of potato in all variants with minimal soil tillage was significantly lower (by 5.1-8.3 t/ha, LSD05 = 1.44) than with plowing (27.8 t/ha). The assessment of profitability of grain crops cultivation showed the advantages of replacing the moldboard plowing for resource-saving methods using combined tillage units KOS-3 and BDM-4-3.2 which provided the yield of spring and winter wheat, barley and spring vetch at the level of 2.42-4.50 and 2.33-4.41 t/ha, respectively, with cultivation profitability of 51-64 and 44-59 %. The third minimum method of tillage decreased the cultivation profitability of grain crops and vetch by 10-15 %. The best indicators of potato production profitability (67-82 %) were achieved when using the classical variant of soil tillage.

Crop rotations with clover and their productivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Gladysheva ◽  
Oksana Artyuhova ◽  
Vera Svirina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Pure Steam ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of long-term research in experiments with crop rotations with different clover saturation are presented. It is shown that the cluster has a positive effect on the main indicators of vegetation of dark-gray forest soil. The introduction of two fields of perennial grasses into the six-field crop rotation significantly increases both the humus reserves and increases the productivity of arable land by 1.5–2 times compared to the crop rotation with a field of pure steam.

Methods for saving the productivity of slope lands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Batyakhina N.A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Multicomponent Mixtures

The influence of various annual multicomponent mixtures in the crop rotation link on its productivity and fertility of gray forest soil is shown. The complexity of the structure of plant communities has reduced the share of weeds in crop production annual mix, 2.6-3.7% and conservation tillage for wheat has increased by 2.5 times the phosphorus content is 1.9 times the potassium, 12% increased productivity.

scholarly journals Nutritional regime of gray forest soil аt different anthropogenic loads

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
N. Borys ◽  
L. Krasjuk
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrient Regime ◽  
By Products

The aim of the research is to establish the peculiarities of the formation of the nutrient regime of gray forest soil with different systems of basic cultivation, fertilization and sealing of by-products of crops in short-rotation 4-field grain crop rotation – winter wheat–corn for grain–barley–soybean. Evaluate the quantitative inflow of biomass, participation in the formation of the nutrient regime of gray forest soil, especially the differentiation of 0–40 cm of soil layer depending on the distribution of nutrients in different tillage soil systems. The studies were carried out in a long-term stationary experiment of the department of soil cultivation and weed control of the NSC «Institute of Agriculture of the NAAS», founded in 1969. The fertilization system consisted of the application of mineral fertilizers N65Р58К68 kg acting things per 1 ha of crop rotation area. As an organic fertilizer, we used by-products of crop rotation, where during 2009–2013 received an average of 5,17–5,50 t/ha, and 2014–2017 – 6,65–7,76 t/ha of crop rotation. The existing yield of the main product significantly influenced the volume of the non-commodity part, with the growth of the main product, the growth of by-products also took place in direct proportion. Nitrogen removal averaged 105 kg/ha, and with biomass it returned on average 55,4 kg/ ha, nitrogen with a full mineralization cycle, in general, this corresponds to 45–47 % of the share of costs. In general, the return of phosphorus from by-products for the rotation of 5 received an average of 12,0–16,7 kg/ha and 4-field crop 26 rotation 19,5–22,0 kg/ha, which was 35–40 % of the total removal harvest. The soil received many times more potassium from the biomass of agricultural crops than part of the cost of the main product, due to the attraction of the maize leaf mass, from which an average of 177–253 kg/ha enters the soil, and for crop rotation – 61,4–95,4 kg/ha per hectare of sown area. Key words: gray forest soil, soil nutrient regime, recycling of nutrients, main and by-products of crops.

FORMATION OF BARLEY HARVEST DEPENDING ON THE NUTRITION BACKGROUND AND THE USE OF HERBICIDES

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Митрофанов ◽  
Eduard Mitrofanov ◽  
Коршунов ◽  
Aleksandr Korshunov ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

The effectiveness of herbicides in spring barley crops on different nutrition backgrounds was studied in field experiments on dark gray forest soil of medium loamy particle size distribution in the conditions of Volga-Vyatka region. It is revealed that on both backgrounds of fertilizer application the barley formed a maximum yield, when applying the herbicide Bomba. When using this herbicide in making mineral fertilizers N54P54K54 the productivity was 2.71 tons per hectare and a dose N70P70K70 – it was 2.83 tons per hectare. On average for three years, the maximum (11.35%) protein content was appeared in the preparation by Sekator turbo herbicide on the background of fertilizer application of N70P70K70.

Influence of the main ways of processing on the water mode and density of the gray forest soil and productivity of cultures in a crop rotation

10.12737/5357 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Faniya Zamalieva ◽  
Lyudmila Rigih ◽  
Gennadiy- Koposov ◽  
Aleksandr Lipatnikov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Gray Forest Soil

scholarly journals Features of the use of desiccation at different sowing periods of spring wheat in the technology of obtaining oilseeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Maximum Humidity

The article offers studies to identify the effectiveness of chemical preparations for desiccation in spring wheat crops. The research was conducted in 2017-2020 in the conditions of the Ryazan region. It was revealed that in the phase of the yellow-green pod, the organs of the surepitsa plants were characterized by different humidity. The stems (up to 75%), the leaves of the pods (about 55%) and the seeds (40%) had the maximum humidity. On average, according to the experience, a high increase in seeds was observed on the variant with sowing in the first decade of May, Dikoshans, BP, 3 l/ha – 20.0 c/ha (+11.7% to the control or +2.1 c/ha). The average maximum yield in the second sowing period was noted on the Glyphoshans, BP, 3 l/ha variant-18.4 c / ha (+1.5 c/ha or +8.8% to the control) and on the Dikoshans, BP, 3 l/ha variant-18.3 c/ha (+1.4 c / ha or + 8.2% to the control), which proves the high efficiency of using the desiccation method in the production technology of spring surepitsa oilseeds. Keywords: SPRING SUREPITSA, SEED MOISTURE, DESICCATION, YIELD, YIELD, OIL CONTENT

scholarly journals Investigation of various options for processing gray forest soil in a field crop rotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04025
Author(s):  
Victor Balabanov ◽  
Afanasiy Lee ◽  
Begmat Norov ◽  
Ibrohim Khudaev ◽  
Victor Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Soil Heterogeneity ◽  
Average Area ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Strict Compliance

The paper presents the results of studies of various variants of the main treatment of gray forest soil in the experimental field in JSC “Lednevo” of the Yuriev-Polsky district of the Vladimir region Russian Federation. The experiment includes 12 strips, with an average area of 7.5 ha, consisting of 3 variants, with decreasing intensity of tillage and 4 repetitions. Based on the studies, it was found that the main problem associated with the physical condition of the soil was significant compaction of the soil at a depth of 20 – 25 cm. When using dump processing, increased soil heterogeneity was observed, and with “minimal” variants, the presence of weed vegetation was noted, which required changes in the strategy of using plant protection products and strict compliance with crop rotation. In this paper, it is recommended to remove the “plow sole” and reduce soil compaction by deep loosening of the soil to a depth of 35-40 cm in autumn, followed by a transition to a minimum soil treatment by cultivators.

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