scholarly journals Evaluating the source and Quality of River and Groundwater using hydrochemistry and stable isotopesin Tawi Watershed, Jammu District, Jammu and Kashmir, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Meenu Sharma ◽  
Sundeep Kumar Pandita ◽  
Dr. Rajwant
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Ground Water Recharge

Hydrogeochemical and isotopic composition of river and groundwater in Kandi and Sirowal belts of Jammu District in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir was carried out to understand the recharge source and chemical nature of these waters for drinking water quality criteria. Physical parameters (temperature, pH, Total dissolved solids, total hardness and electrical conductivity), major cations and anions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-) and stable isotopes (d18O and d2H) inTawi river and groundwater samples from hand pumps and tube wells were measured. The dominant cation is Ca2+ and the dominant anion HCO3- implyingCaHCO3type water in both river and groundwater. To assess the quality of water for drinking purposes, Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) has been calculated. The GWQI indicates that Kandi and Sirowal belts are showing “Excellent” to “Good” category for drinking purposes. The stable isotopic composition of river water and groundwater is indicative of meteoric origin and enrichment before groundwater recharge. The stable isotopes in water suggest that the active canals in Sirowal belt,and rainfall and river water near the banks in Kandi belt contribute to ground water recharge.

scholarly journals Long term Impacts of Effluents on Quality of the Kosi River Water at District Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Gulrez Nizami ◽  
Shifa Rehman ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
Ummul Khair Fatma ◽  
Hesham El Enshasy
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ph Values

The present study was aimed to analyze the influence of industrial and agricultural wastes on quality ofKosi river water, Rampur, UP, India. The results of the present study revealed pH values of between 7.2 and 6.3 (neutral to slightly acidic), the electrical conductivity between 129.4 μs/cmto399.3 μs/cm. The maximum EC value was observed at S5 in spring season. The turbidity of each was 0.4 to 7.067 NTU. The highest turbidity observed at S5 in winters. Total hardness of 73 (mg/L) and 506.33 (mg/L) were evident at S4 and S7 sites respectively. The BOD values ranged from 10.5 (mg/L) at S4 to 137.4 (mg/L) at S5. Higher BOD values at each site are reflecting the great extent of pollution. The minimum COD recorded at S3 (32.60 mg/L) however maximum recorded at S5 (168.65 mg/L). The results of the heavy metals showed a significant increase in the concentration of Pb, Zn, Cu, Hg and As at S5 as compared to the other sites. The As concentration was 0.04, 0.08, 0.85, 0.72 and 0.71 at S2, S3, S5, S6, and S7 respectively. These values were higher than the value of Arsenic as per WHO guidelines.The average concentration of Zn obtained was 0.05, 0.786, 0.413, 0.06, 3.26,0.97 and 0.53 mg/L at S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, and S7 respectively. The highest value of Zn was recorded at S5 (SDP) as compared to other sites. Only at S5 the zinc content is exceeding the normal value. The copper content found to be lower (1.0 mg/Ll) than permissible value according to WHO. The Cu concentration was 0.01, 0.06 0.01 at S4, S5 and S6 respectively, at S1,S2, S3 and S7 zero. The changed physicochemical parameters and occurrence of heavy metal ions indicated a significant level of pollution in Kosi River.

scholarly journals Groundwater and river water interaction to solve water shortage: a case from Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasapta E Irawan ◽  
Cut N Rachmi ◽  
Aditya Pratama ◽  
Gusti P Tulak ◽  
Achmad D Rochman
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Flow Map

Water shortage is a common problem in the high density settlement along the riverbank of Ciromban and Cibeureum River, Tasikmalaya, as the quality of the water also decreases. One of the solution is to maximize the use of river water. This study aims to investigate the interaction between river and groundwater along the riverbank as a function of land use impact. A river water and unconfined groundwater level mapping has been conducted to make water flow map, assuming both waters are in the same flow system. Physical parameters, temperature, TDS, and pH were measured at each stations to understand water characteristics. Based on observations at 50 dug wells and 12 river stations on July-August 2014, a close interaction between both water bodies has been identified with two flow systems: effluent flow (or gaining stream) at Cibereum river segment and influent flow (losing stream) at Ciromban river segment. Physical parameters show a high correlation in temperature, pH, and TDS. Hence, further evaluation from health point of view should be taken before using river water as raw water supply in Tasikmalaya area.

Using chemical and physical parameters to define the quality of pardo river water (Botucatu-SP-Brazil)

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1609-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assunta Maria Marques Da Silva ◽  
Lisabete Bueno Sacomani
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Physical Parameters

scholarly journals Physico Chemical and Microbial Analysis of Different Sources of Water collected from Indora, Himachal Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Shivali Bhardwaj ◽  
Arup Giri
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hand Pump ◽  
Different Sources

Life could not be imagining without the presence of water on this earth. An ecosystem is very dependent on the quality of water. Regular water quality monitoring is very essential of a region. In the study area, no study has been yet done on the quality of drinking water and productivity level of Beas river near Arni University, Himachal Pradesh, India. The main aim of this study was to determine the water quality of three different sources of water like hand pump water, tap water, and Beas river water. For this, we have collected total twenty-six samples in the month of May 2018 and analysed for pH, TDS, EC, DO, alkalinity, phenolphthalein alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, carbonate, bicarbonate, E. coli, and productivity level by standard methods. The entire analysed parameters showed the lower level than the permissible guideline of the WHO except for the presence of E. coli and higher level of alkalinity. The productivity level of Beas river was indicating that trophic index belonged to the ultra-oligotrophic. From the findings, it might be concluded that hand pump water, tap water, and Beas river water was drinkable except the presence of E. coli and higher level of alkalinity in tap water and river water. However, in the case of the productivity level of Beas river was indicating the very low accumulation of dissolved nutrient salts, and a lower rate of algae growth as the productivity level belonged to the ultra-oligotrophic. Further extensive study on the water minerals and heavy metals level in all the water sources are required in this study area.

scholarly journals Groundwater and river water interaction to solve water shortage: a case from Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasapta E Irawan ◽  
Cut N Rachmi ◽  
Aditya Pratama ◽  
Gusti P Tulak ◽  
Achmad D Rochman
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Flow Map

Water shortage is a common problem in the high density settlement along the riverbank of Ciromban and Cibeureum River, Tasikmalaya, as the quality of the water also decreases. One of the solution is to maximize the use of river water. This study aims to investigate the interaction between river and groundwater along the riverbank as a function of land use impact. A river water and unconfined groundwater level mapping has been conducted to make water flow map, assuming both waters are in the same flow system. Physical parameters, temperature, TDS, and pH were measured at each stations to understand water characteristics. Based on observations at 50 dug wells and 12 river stations on July-August 2014, a close interaction between both water bodies has been identified with two flow systems: effluent flow (or gaining stream) at Cibereum river segment and influent flow (losing stream) at Ciromban river segment. Physical parameters show a high correlation in temperature, pH, and TDS. Hence, further evaluation from health point of view should be taken before using river water as raw water supply in Tasikmalaya area.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality of Kolpu Khola in Sisdol Landfill Area of Nuwakot District

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Ujjwal Thapa Shrestha ◽  
Jaya K. Shrestha ◽  
Rohini P. Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Impact

The present study was carried out to determine the impact of the leachate contamination on water quality of Kolpu Khola nearby Sisdol landfill site. Water samples were collected from six different sites of Kolpu Khola from upstream to downstream. The samples were collected in clean plastic bottles from a leachate collection from December, 2007 to August, 2008 and analyzed for the determination of physical parameters (pH, conductivity, temperature) and chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, chloride, calcium hardness, total hardness, BOD5, PO4-P, NO3-N, NH4-N) using a standard method. It was found that leachate was severely polluted with most of the physicochemical parameters being higher than the generic standard for industrial effluent discharged into inland surface water. The variation of BOD and COD showed that the chemistry of the leachate in the landfill was undergoing rapid change. The surface water of Kolpu Khola was not polluted from chloride point of view and the spatial variation of chloride content was significant at 0.01 significance level. The river water at all the sites under study had PO4-P above natural range i.e. 0.005 to 0.020 mg/l and was not suitable for livestock drinking and for aquatic animals with reference to most of the physicochemical parameters studied.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v15i1.12026Nepal Journal of Science and TechnologyVol. 15, No.1 (2014) 107-114

Changes in the quality of river water before, during and after a major flood event associated with a La Niña cycle and treatment for drinking purposes

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1985-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Fared Murshed ◽  
Zeeshan Aslam ◽  
Rosmala Lewis ◽  
Christopher Chow ◽  
Dongsheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Drinking Purposes

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Atibaia River water quality using Lecane bulla as a test organism

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Fernandes Castanha ◽  
Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis ◽  
Davi Butturi-Gomes ◽  
Derlene Attili de Angelis
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physical Chemical

In view of the diversity of environments found in the Brazilian territory, it is understandable that the use of native species can provide more relevant information for ecotoxicological studies. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the quality of water samples from the Atibaia River in an area that is under the influence of petroleum refinery using a native test-organism and submitting the data to PCA statistical analysis. Therefore, acute toxicity assays with Lecane bulla (Rotifera) were performed in four locations of the river, as well as physical-chemical analyses. Sampling was drawn in the dry and rainy seasons. The bioassays were static and lasted 48 hours; dead organisms were quantified at the end of the tests. Toxicological differences among the samples/per location and control were compared by means of the Analysis of Variance. Physical-chemical and mortality variables were simultaneously analyzed by multivariate analysis of the principal components and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Water samples from the exit of the refinery stabilization pond (location S.1) were toxic to L. bulla in both seasons, with significant differences in relation to the control and between the seasons. The statistical treatment of data showed that mortality was strong and positively correlated with total hardness, chlorides and EC, which together with pH presented higher values in location S.1, in the dry and in the rainy seasons. Due to its sensibility to the quality of the Atibaia river water samples, the potential use of L. bulla for ecotoxicological studies as an alternative test organism could be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Deterioration in Physiochemical and Microbiological Quality of Shivnath River Water in Durg District, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-738
Author(s):  
Seema A. Belorkar
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Tolerant Strain

The water samples collected from Shivnath river in Durg Dist., India, were analyzed for physical properties like color, temperature, turbidity and odor, chemical properties like pH, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, total solids {Total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS)}, sulphates, nitrates were analyzed. Microbiological characteristics like detection of coliforms, quantitative analysis and most probable number (MPN) of coliforms was also performed. Incidences ofEscherichia coli0157 (Thermo tolerant strain) andSalmonellaspecies were analyzed. All stated properties were analyzed for both upstream and downstream sampling points to determine the effect of residential and industrial discharges on the quality of river water. The addition of discharges has shown many fold increase in all the analyzed physiochemical parameters. The MPN/100 mL for upstream sample was 900 and down stream sample showed rises up to 1600. The heterotrophic plate count (HPC) also increased from 1.30×104/100 mL to 1.53×104/100 mL. Incidences ofE.coli0157 (Thermo tolerant strain) andSalmonellaspecies were both found even before the addition of discharges.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality Status of Chandrabhaga River at Rishikesh, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Shail Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
The Status ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Magnesium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

In the background of the ambitious ‘National Mission for Clean Ganga’ to clean, conserve and protect the River Ganga in a comprehensive manner, this study was undertaken to evaluate the status of Water Quality of Chandrabhaga river at Rishikesh, district Dehradun, India, between the Dhalwala bridge area and Mayakund area where it merges with the river Ganga, affecting adversely its water quality. The characteristics of Chandrabhaga river water were assessed during July to September 2017 by monitoring the water quality at most garbeged and contaminated five locations by determining physicochemical and biological parameters and metal ions. The observed values of dissolved oxygen (DO) varied from 0.4 to 1.29 mg/L, such a low DO, high biological oxygen demand (BOD, 21 ± 2.64 to 56 ±6.08 mg/L) and much high Coliform (1760 ±13.23 to3180 ±27.61 MPN/ 100 ml) at all the locations reflects the poor water quality of Chandrabhaga River. Recorded values of total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), alkalinity, phosphate, sodium, potassium and calcium exceeded the WHO standards. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed the highly positive correlations all the time between EC and TDS, TH and TDS, TH and EC, while during high flow period good correlations were recorded between alkalinity and pH, TDS, EC and TH. Irrigation water quality parameters such as soluble sodium percentage (SSP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and Kelly’s Ratio was evaluated to test the suitability of river water for irrigation purpose.

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