scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of a Fermented Maize product with Its Supernatant, Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus brevis in Rat Model of Colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Haruna J. Audu ◽  
Oyindamola A. Abiodun ◽  
Funmilola A. Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Better Than

Background: African fermented foods such as maize cereal (Ogi ) and its supernatant (Omidun) are reservoirs of beneficial lactobacilli and carboxylic acids. Based on their constituents, their beneficial effect in a rat model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic (TNBS) acid-induced colitis was assessed in comparison with two lactobacilli in a rat model of colitis. Methods: Female Wistar rats were distributed into seven groups of 5 rats each; the rats were pretreated for 14 days prior to colitis induction with Ogi, Omidun, L. fermentum, L. brevis and 7 days post colitic induction. Colitis was induced by an intracolonic administration of TNBS. The response of the rats to treatment was assessed macroscopically and biochemically. Results: Treatment with the Dexamethasone, Ogi and Omidun resulted in a significant reduction in colonic damage score and weight/length ratio (p<0.05). Treatment with Ogi, Omidun, L. brevis, and dexamethasone significantly prevented depletion of colonic glutathione and superoxide dismutase. The up-regulation of myeloperoxidase activity was inhibited in all treated colitic rats (p<0.05). However, Ogi appears to produce a better protective effect than the other treatment groups. Conclusions: This study reports that Ogi protects Wistar rats against the deleterious effect of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid better than pure lactobacilli strains. Keywords: Fermented food, lactic acid bacteria, inflammation, oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the toxic influence of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) and treatment with aqueous extracts of cinnamon or anise on lipid profile and liver functions of female wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Sabah Ibrahim ◽  
Murwan Sabahelkhier
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Better Than

The toxic effects of vitamin E and its treatment with aqueous extracts of Cinnamon or anise on lipid profile and liver functions of female wistar rats were examined for six weeks during September 2016 at labs in al-Neelain University. 18 rats were divided into six groups: 1. negative control group (sunflower oil), 2. Positive control group and rest groups given (1500 mg/Kg/BW/day of Vitamin E). After two hours, the four treated groups received a low dose (2.13g/Kg) and a high dose (3.20g/Kg) 20g/Kg from Cinnamon aqueous extract (CAE) and Anise aqueous extract (AAE). At the end rats were sacrificed then serum and liver tissues were analyzed. Vitamin E toxic dose had caused a significant increase in serum Triglycerides (TG), Alanine amino transferase (ALT) levels, while it decreased the levels of High-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and Aspartate amino transferase (AST). All treatments decreased TG and ALT levels. CAE low dose significantly increased TC, LDL and HDL levels. CAE high dose caused a significant decrease in AST, TC, and LDL. Both doses of AAE, caused significant increases on AST levels, and only anise low dose caused a significant decrease on TC and LDL levels. Vitamin E toxic dose caused severe fatty change in liver histology, which was near normal in both doses of CAE with a small necrosis in a low dose. Only AAE low dose normalized the liver. To conclude Vitamin E oral administration with a dose of (1500 mg/Kg) induced liver injury with an elevation in ALT and TG levels, which was significantly ameliorated by both treatments. Cinnamon was better than anise in ameliorating the toxicity. Cinnamon high dose was better than Cinnamon low dose; in contrast anise low dose was better than Anise high dose.

Beneficial effect of Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) in a rat model of colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyindamola O. Abiodun ◽  
Aderemi S. Sosanya ◽  
Norah Nwadike ◽  
Adedunke O. Oshinloye
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractBackgroundBidens pilosa (BP) possessed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Its beneficial effects on intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis in Wistar rats was evaluated.MethodsThirty female Wistar rats weighing 180–200 g were distributed into six groups (n = 5): non-colitic, untreated colitic and colitic rats treated graded doses of methanol extract of BP (50–400 mg/kg). Colitis was induced in rats by intracolonic instillation of 0.2 mL of 40 mg/mL TNBS. BP was administered two days pre-colitis induction and treatments continued until seven days post-colitis induction. A day after the last treatment, rats were euthanized, colon removed aseptically and response to treatment assessed. Phytochemical composition of BP was determined using the GC-MS.ResultsBP significantly reduced macroscopic colonic damage score, weight/length ratio, colonic lipid peroxidation level, leukocytes infiltration, and TNF-α level in comparison to untreated colitic rats (p ≤ 0.008). Similarly, treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg BP prevented depletion of colonic glutathione level than other treatment groups (p ≤ 0.0002). Histological findings revealed that treatment with 400 mg/kg BP significantly preserved the mucosal epithelial layer. It also prevented ulceration and sloughing of the mucosal layers and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells compared to other treatment groups. Among the 16 compounds identified were oleic acid (6.2%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (2.0%) with antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities.ConclusionsThe beneficial effects of BP in rat colitis might be related to the reduction of leucocytes infiltration, inhibition of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Histological and hormonal studies of calabash chalk on ovarian function in adult female wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
A. Oyewopo ◽  
K. Obasi ◽  
K. Anumudu ◽  
E. Yawson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Introduction: Calabash chalk is a naturally occurring mineral, chiefly composed of fossilized sea shells. It is prepared from clay and mud mixed with other ingredients, including lead, arsenic, sand and wood ash. Clay consumption is correlated with pregnancy, and also to eliminate morning sickness in women. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of calabash chalk on the ovarian function in adult female Wistar rats. Methods: Eighteen (18) adult female Wistar rats. Group A served as the control group, group B received 40 mg/kg body weight of Non-salted calabash chalk while group C received 40 mg/kg body weight of Salted calabash chalk for 14 days. On day 15, the animals were sacrificed for histological and biochemical examination. Results: Results showed a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels of the treatment groups when compared with the control group and an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels of the treatment groups when compared with the control group. Histological examination of the ovaries showed severe deterioration of the ovarian follicles, necrosis and follicular atresia. Conclusion: Calabash chalk is toxic to ovarian function. These alterations have been shown to be the leading cause ofinfertility in female rats. Hence, proper monitoring, education, and regulation of the product is needed.

scholarly journals Fermented food in Asia as a source of potential probiotics: Properties and beneficial effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Bazilah Afifah Matussin ◽  
Yeo Yen Chin ◽  
Ilisa Ishan ◽  
Pooja Shivanand
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Probiotic Food ◽  
Term Storage

Consumption of probiotic food is known to strengthen the human natural microbiome, thereby providing health benefits to the host. Fermented food products are found to be natural sources of probiotics, also known as ‘good’ bacteria.Fermentation and pickling of food have long been carried out as a means of preservation and long-term storage. They have been associated with human nutrition and social aspects. In this paper, a compilation of some of the staple fermented foods found in the Asian region has been provided. The mode of action of probiotics and the benefits they bring to the host such as production of antimicrobial agents, blocking the adhesion of pathogens and toxins and modulation of immune responses have been outlined. Certain concerns have been raised on side effects resulting from over-consumption of probiotics. However, the benefits they bring to the overall well-being of the consumer cannot be overlooked.

scholarly journals The Effects of Delayed Reduction of Tonic Inhibition on Ischemic Lesion and Sensorimotor Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1601-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn MR Lake ◽  
Joydeep Chaudhuri ◽  
Lynsie Thomason ◽  
Rafal Janik ◽  
Milan Ganguly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Focal Ischemia ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Chronic Stage ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Sensorimotor Deficits ◽  
Skilled Reaching ◽  
Better Than

To aid in development of chronic stage treatments for sensorimotor deficits induced by ischemic stroke, we investigated the effects of GABA antagonism on brain structure and fine skilled reaching in a rat model of focal ischemia induced via cortical microinjections of endothelin-1 (ET-1). Beginning 7 days after stroke, animals were administered a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) inverse agonist, L-655,708, at a dose low enough to afford α5-GABAA receptor specificity. A week after stroke, the ischemic lesion comprised a small hypointense necrotic core (6 ± 1 mm3) surrounded by a large (62 ± 11 mm3) hyperintense perilesional region; the skilled reaching ability on the Montoya staircase test was decreased to 34% ± 2% of the animals' prestroke performance level. On L-655,708 treatment, animals showed a progressive decrease in total stroke volume (13 ± 4 mm3 per week), with no change in animals receiving placebo. Concomitantly, treated animals' skilled reaching progressively improved by 9% ± 1% per week, so that after 2 weeks of treatment, these animals performed at 65% ± 6% of their baseline ability, which was 25% ± 11% better than animals given placebo. These data indicate beneficial effects of delayed, sustained low-dose GABAA antagonism on neuroanatomic injury and skilled reaching in the chronic stage of stroke recovery in an ET-1 rat model of focal ischemia.

scholarly journals The Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic, and Anti-Adipogenesis Potential and Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Human and Fermented Foods

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Yulah Jeong ◽  
Hyemin Kim ◽  
Ji Yeon Lee ◽  
GaYeong Won ◽  
Soo-Im Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Safety And Stability ◽  
Oil Red O Staining

In this study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains derived from human and fermented food sources were examined to identify their properties related to obesity, as well as establish their safety and stability as probiotics. LAB (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus MG4502, Lactobacillus gasseri MG4524, Limosilactobacillus reuteri MG5149, and Weissella cibaria MG5285) exhibited antioxidant activity through DPPH (>26.1%) and ABTS (>40.1%) radical scavenging assays and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (>60.3%), respectively. The LAB strains promoted anti-adipogenesis by reducing lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells by Oil Red O staining (>70.3%). In addition, we found that these LAB strains were resistant to simulated gastric and intestinal fluids (pH 3, 4, 7, and 8) and showed potential for health promotion, based on hemolysis, cell adhesion, antibiotic susceptibility, and enzyme production. Thus, LAB may be used as probiotic ingredients with beneficial effects.

The effect of diet on the incidence of pituitary tumours in female Wistar rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Pickering ◽  
C. Elizabeth Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Pituitary Tumours ◽  
Synthetic Diet ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Better Than

Each of 5 groups of 50 weanling Wistar-derived female rats was fed a different diet ad libitum for 2 years. The diets included 3 commercial maintenance diets (R and M No. 1, R and M No. 491 and RDM 22), a purified or semi-synthetic diet (LJ 80) and the diet (LAD 2) normally used in this laboratory. A weighed amount of LAD 2 diet (less than would be consumed under ad libitum conditions) was fed each day to a 6th group of rats. The survivals of the groups of rats fed either the standard diet (LAD 2) in restricted amount or the maintenance diet (RDM 22) were 62% and 66% respectively and were significantly better than the 40% survival of the group fed LAD 2 ad libitum. The survivals of the groups fed either Rand M No. 491 or LJ 80 were 40-42%, and the group fed Rand M No. 1 had a survival of 52%. At the end of 2 years the 2 groups with the best (>60%) survivals weighed significantly less than the group fed LAD 2 ad libitum. The groups fed either LAD 2 in restricted amount or RDM 22 had the least gross pathological lesions for the majority of the organs. These same groups also had fewer pituitary tumours per group (72% and 66%) than the group fed LAD 2 ad libitum (90%). The group fed RDM 22 also had the largest % (26%) of normal pituitaries of all the groups in the study. There were some significant differences between the haematological and clinical chemistry results of the group fed LAD 2 ad libitum and the other groups but none of the changes was considered adverse, although the groups fed either RDM 22 or Rand M No. 491 had significantly increased mean aminotransferase (AST and ALT) values with large variations which were adjudged undesirable. There was less protein in the urine of the groups fed either RDM 22 or LAD 2 (restricted).

scholarly journals Adverse Effects of Sub-lethal Doses of Chlorpyrifos on Birth Outcome of Female Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
J. U. I. Iheanacho ◽  
P. I. K. Onyeka ◽  
H. I. Udujih ◽  
O. G. Udujih ◽  
U. W. Dozie
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chlorpyrifos is a widely used Organophosphorus pesticide for pest control, leading to increased risk for humans and wildlife exposure. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of chlorpyrifos on birth outcome in pregnant female wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). Animals were randomly assigned into 4 equal groups, group 1 were untreated and served as control. Rats of group 2 to 4 were treated with chlorpyrifos at concentration 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% respectively through feed and drinking water ad libitum from gestation day 1 through to weaning. The results on litter size indicates non-significant dose dependent decrease (p>0.05) across treated groups. Total litter birth weight significantly decreased (p<0.05) in a dose dependent manner compared with control. Stillbirth recorded non-significant (p>0.05) among treatment groups when compared with that of control. Also, postnatal survival showed significant (p<0.05) dose dependent lower number of pups survival between parturition and weaning. These results demonstrated that Chlorpyrifos has adverse impact on birth outcome in treated rats.

Uric acid improves the beneficial effects of rt-PA in a rat model of thromboembolic ischemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S129-S129
Author(s):  
Eduardo Romanos ◽  
Anna M Planas ◽  
Angel Chamorro
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Beneficial Effects
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