scholarly journals Effect of biotherapy T. cruzi 7x in several therapeutic schemes on experimental infection by Trypanosoma cruzi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
Fabiana Nabarro Ferraz ◽  
Valdir Antônio Gonçalves ◽  
Denise Lessa Aleixo ◽  
Angélica Sayuri Mizutani ◽  
Silvana Marques de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Body Hair ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum

Background: Biotherapy is used against infectious diseases treatment and prophylaxis and has been investigated by many researchers [1,2]. Aim: Assess the effect of biotherapy 7x T. cruzi on several treatment schemes, upon experimental infection by T. cruzi. Methodology: A blind, controlled and randomized by drawing experiment was performed. Male Swiss mice, four weeks old were utilized. Groups evaluated: IC – Infection Control (treated with water – 9 animals); TBBA7x3days – Treated with biotherapy 7x 3 days before and 3 days after infection (5 animals); TBB7x3days – Treated with 7x biotherapy 3 days before infection (5 animals); TBBAI7x3days – Treated with 7x biotherapy 3 days before infection and after infection indefinitely (6 animals). Animals were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1400 blood trypomastigotes Y strain. Biotherapy: prepared according to Farmacopéia Homeopática Brasileira [3]. Treatment plan: offered ad libitum, in the water (10µL/mL). Parasitological parameters: parasitemia was assessed according Brener’s technique. [4]. Clinical parameters: body hair aspect, edema, movement, diarrhea, body weight, temperature, food and water intake. Ethics: Registration 030/2008 UEM Ethics Committee for Experiments in Animals. Statistical analysis: was performed using the tests Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney testes, significance 5%. Results: The best effect obtained was with the TBBA7x3days, both for clinical and parasitological parameters. It was expressed by lower parasitemia curve (p=0.04) and decrease of patent period tendency, of total parasitemia, of mortality and survival of the animals increase (Table 1). Evolution of parasitemia was distinct for the several treatment schemes. Survival of at least one mouse by treated groups is an extremely important data, since Y strain causes 100% mortality in Swiss mice. TBBAI7x3days group showed begger tendency in raising total parasitemia compared with IC. Although it might have occurred, this group presented 80% mortality rate compared with other groups. Animals from TBBA7x3days also showed better evolution of weight body, temperature, food (p=0.078-10%) and water intake, body hair aspect and edema development. Diarrhea and paralysis were only observed in IC group mice, highlighting the biotherapy use benefits. Conclusions: Best effect was obtained TBBA7x3days, both for clinical and parasitological parameters. It’s possible to speculate that in this regimen, biotherapy was able to modulate, more effectively, the host’s immune system, decreasing the number of parasites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of biotherapies T.cruzi 15x, 16x, 17x and "potency chords" in experimental infection by Trypanosoma cruzi.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Fabiana Nabarro Ferraz ◽  
Valdir Antônio Gonçalves ◽  
Denise Lessa Aleixo ◽  
Angélica Sayuri Mizutani ◽  
Silvana Marques de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Treatment Schedule ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Body Hair ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Food And Water Intake

Background: The biotherapies are drugs widely utilized against infectious diseases. Biotherapies’ profylatic and therapeutic action against Chagas Disease is currently being investigated, but it is needed to develop further controlled experiments “in vivo”, which could define more clearly: dilution, dose, time of use and, if possible, the action mechanisms of these ultradiluted medicaments [1,2]. Aim: Evaluate the effect biotherapies T. cruzi 15x, 16x, 17x and “potency chords”, on experimental infection by T. cruzi. Methodology: A blind, controlled and randomized by drawing test was performed. Animals: 29 male Swiss mice, four weeks old were utilized. The animals were kept at Parasitology Vivarium/State University of Maringá (UEM), in ideal conditions of temperature (22±2)ºC and photoperiod (light / dark cycle 12h). Mice have been inoculated intraperitoneally with 1400 blood trypomastigotes Y strain and divided in groups: IC – Infection control (treated with distilled water – 9 animals); TBBA15x3days – Treated with biotherapy 15x 3 days before and 3 days after infection (5 animals); TBBA16x3days – Treated with biotherapy 16x 3 days before and 3 days after infection (5 animals); TBBA17x3days – Treated with biotherapy 17x 3 days before and 3 days after infection (5 animals); TBBAChords3days – Treated with biotherapy 15x, 16x, 17x “potency chords”, 3 days before and 3 days after infection (5 animals). Biotherapies: prepared by a homeopathic pharmacist from UEM, according to Farmacopéia Homeopática Brasileira [3]. Biotherapies treatment schedule: diluted in distilled water (10µL/mL in ambar bottles – renewed each two days) offered ad libitum, 3 days before and 3 days after infection in all groups. Parasitological parameters: parasitemia was assessed from infection until death, according to Brener’s technique [4] with 5µL of blood collected from the tail vein and examined in optical microscope. Pre-patent period, patent period, total parasitemia, survival and morbidity were obtained from the parasitemia curve. Clinical parameters: Visually assessed (presence or absence): body hair aspect (bristling), edema, movement and diarrhea. Measured: body weight, temperature, food and water intake. Ethics: This study has been approved by the UEM Ethics Committee for Experiments in Animals - Registration 030/2008. Statistical analysis: was performed using the tests Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, significance of 5%. Results: There was not statistical difference between total parasitemia of the groups treated with biotherapies and the IC group (p=0.6819). The parasitemia curve of group TBBAChords3days was greater then the IC (p=0.0418). Despite this increase, patent period and mortality both showed a decreasing tendency, while pre patent period and survival time increased (p=0.373). The same tendency results were observed for TBBA17x3days results (Table 1). Survival of at least one mice in groups TBBA17x3days and TBBAChords3days is worthy of discussion, since Y strain causes 100% mortality in these experimental conditions. Groups TBBA17x3days and TBBAChords3days showed better evolution than IC group for body weight, temperature, food and water intake (p=0.05), body hair aspect and edema developing. Diarrhea and hind legs paralysis were only observed in mice belonging to groups IC and TBAA16x3days. Conclusions: Superior effect was obtained with biotherapies 17x and “Potency Chords”, both for clinical and parasitological parameters. “Potency chords” has proper effect which distinguishes it from the individual effects of the dilutions that compound it.

Meal-related and rhythmic drinking: effects of abolition of rat's eating rhythm

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (1) ◽  
pp. R14-R19 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Johnson ◽  
A. K. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake ◽  
Intake Water ◽  
Daily Total

Eating and drinking in the rat, which are both highly rhythmic and nocturnal activities, are temporally and quantitatively associated. The present study abolished the rhythmicity of eating by temporally and quantitatively restricting food access to 12 equally sized bihourly meals daily (total food available was equal to 80% of daily ad libitum intake). Water access remained ad libitum and was monitored and quantified in terms of 1) nocturnality, 2) association with meals, and 3) changes in the association of food and water intake across the phases of the light-dark cycle. Similar parameters were obtained from the same rats with ad libitum access to both food and water. The results indicate that both rhythmic and meal-induced effects are detectable in the drinking of rats with restricted food access, although both the rhythmic and meal-associated factors are reduced compared with drinking under ad libitum food access. Most important, the data clearly demonstrate large changes in the association of food and water intake across the phases of the light-dark cycle. These findings indicate a complex interaction of meal-associated and rhythmic factors in the control of drinking.

Alteration of Mitochondria in Oxythiamine-Induced, Acute Thiamine Deficiency in the Mouse

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
Itaru Watanabe ◽  
Dante G. Scarpelli
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fatty Change ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ad Libitum

Acute thiamine deficiency was produced in mice by the administration of oxythiamine, a thiamine analogue, superimposed upon a thiamine deficient diet. Adult male Swiss mice (30 gm. B.W.) were fed with a thiamine deficient diet ad libitumand were injected with oxythiamine (170 mg/Kg B.W.) subcutaneously on days 4 and 10. On day 11, severe lassitude and anorexia developed, followed by death within 48 hours. The animals treated daily with subcutaneous injections of thiamine (300 μg/Kg B.W.) from day 11 through 15 were kept alive. Similarly, feeding with a diet containing thiamine (600 μg/Kg B.W./day) from day 9 through 17 reversed the condition. During this time period, no fatal illness occurred in the controls which were pair-fed with a thiamine deficient diet.The oxythiamine-treated mice showed a significant enlargement of the liver, which weighed approximately 1.5 times as much as that of the pair-fed controls. By light and electron microscopy, the hepatocytes were markedly swollen due to severe fatty change and swelling of the mitochondria.

Effect of cerebrocrast on body and organ weights, food and water intake, and urine output of normal rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 908-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Briede ◽  
Mara Stivrina ◽  
Dzintra Stoldere ◽  
Brigita Vigante ◽  
Gunars Duburs
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Food And Water Intake

scholarly journals Involvement of Central β-Adrenergic Circuitry in Food and Water Intake in Chickens

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Baghbanzadeh ◽  
Z. Hamidiya ◽  
M. H. Geranmayeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Food And Water Intake
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