Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic significance of mantle source components from Central and Western Anatolia:  Melting  evidences   from peridotite and pyroxenite source  domains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biltan Kurkcuoglu ◽  
Tekin Yürür
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mantle Source ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Basaltic Rocks ◽  
South Central ◽  
Source Component ◽  
Mantle Component ◽  
Isotopic Systematic

<p>Extensive magmatic activities were developed in  Central and Western Anatolia,  since middle miocene to quaternary times,   the most primitive lavas are situated in eastern end of Central (Sivas) and also western (Kula) Anatolia, besides Kula basalts are  one of the most recent basaltic rocks together with  basalts  from south-central Anatolia.   Although the magmatism is generally   observed at several different  locations, the recent   basaltic rocks in both of the regions   seem to be derived from  the melting  of the peridotite and pyroxenite  source  domains and the latter one  was ignored in previous studies as source component.</p><p> The previous studies indicate that many of the basaltic rocks from Central and Western Anatolia  are related with spinel-garnet transition, but typical Tb/Yb(N) (>1.8; [1]) and Zn/Fe   (separates peridotite-derived (Zn/Fe <12; [2]) and pyroxenite-derived (Zn/Fe 13-20); [2] melts)  Co/Fe  ratios of the basaltic rocks from  several volcanic centers from Central and Western Anatolia  reveal that   melting from the single  source component  are not solely capable of  the producing  basaltic  rocks. </p><p> Sr-Nd and Pb isotopic  compositions  clearly display the distinction  of samples which are  linked to    asthenospheric source. The lead isotopic systematic  shows  no siginificant differences  among the Central and Western Anatolian basalts,  of all the samples are above the NHRL line and close to EM II  mantle component,  Sr- Nd  isotopes  also display similar compositions as well, the majority of the samples are in and close to mantle array,   but the  Sr isotopic composition   of  Miocene aged  Gediz and Simav lavas have high radiogenic values. </p><p>Tb/Yb(N),  Zn/Fe ratios  and   as well as the Pb isotopic  compositions and REE-based melting model reveal  that Sivas, Erciyes Hasandağ, and Develidağ samples in central Anatolia,  and Kula, Gediz basalt in western Anatolia  seem to be  derived from the amalgamated melting of  pyroxenite and peridotite sources,   besides,  the sources melting is capable of  the producing     elemental variations in  basaltic rocks related with either lithospheric delamination or lithospheric  unstability</p><ul><li>1.Wang et al., 2002, J.Geophys.Res.vol:107,ECV 5 1-21</li> <li>2 .Le Roux, et al.,2011,EPSL, vol:307, 395-408</li> </ul><p>This study is financially supported by Hacettepe University, BAB project no: FHD-2018-17283</p><p> </p>

New insights for the mantle source components of the most primitive recent basaltic rocks from central and western Anatolia: Evidences for the involvement of pyroxenite and the peridotite source domains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biltan Kurkcuoglu ◽  
Tekin Yurur
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Incompatible Element ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Spinel Peridotite ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
The West ◽  
Cinder Cones ◽  
Basaltic Rocks ◽  
Mantle Sources ◽  
Source Component

<div> <p>Basaltic activities  developed  extensively in central and western Anatolia since middle –Miocene to quaternary time, the most primitive lavas are  situated at  the eastern end of  central Anatolia, (southern Sivas) and the most recent ones  are situtated in central (basaltic cinder cones at south of Hasandağ) and also in western Anatolia (Kula region),  Among those  primitive recent  lavas, mantle sources that are responsible for the generation of basaltic rocks is  still a matter of a debate.          </p> <p>Previous studies suggested  that  spinel peridotite source   is the dominant source  component  for many of the basaltic rocks which are situated in several different locations in central Anatolia, including, Erciyes and Hasandağ stratovolcanoes,  Erkilet, Develidağ, Karapınar vents and Salanda fissure eruptions while Sivas fissure basalts in the east,  Gediz and Kula  basalts in the west, were  derived  mostly  from  the  garnet peridotite sources, but , the  specific  incompatible element ratios  and the melting model based on Rare Earth Elements obviously  indicate that  these basaltic rocks could not be solely generated  from  the garnet- spinel transition zone,   instead another mantle source component need to be involved  in the generation of the basaltic rocks.</p> <p>Tb/Yb(N) and Zn/Fe  ratios provide significant values   in order to constraint for the magmas  generated from the asthenosphere.  Tb/Yb(N) ratio seperates  garnet – spinel transition [1]  and Zn/Fe  ratio  displays separation between the peridotite-derived (Zn/Fe <12, [2,3]) and pyroxenite-derived (13-20 [2,3]) melts.  Zn/Fe, as well as  the  Tb/Yb(N) ratios and the melting model display  that single spinel  source   component  is not solely   responsible for  the generation of  the basaltic rocks,   pyroxenite  source domain  should    also  be involved in   during  the genesis of these rocks as well, besides, the  contributions from  the both of the  mantle source domains also explain the  depleted  magma nature that is observed  in some of recent basaltic rocks ( e.g, Salanda  and  Hasandağ  volcanic  systems) which is diffrent  from the dominated alkaline character,  generally observed  as  the   final products  of central Anatolian  magmatism   </p> <p><em>1.Wang et al., 2002, J.Geophys.Res.vol:107,ECV 5 1-21</em></p> <p><em>2 .Le Roux, et al.,2011,EPSL, vol:307, 395-408</em></p> </div><p><em>3. Ducea, et al.,2013, GEOLOGY, Vol:41, 413-417</em></p><p><em>This study   is financially supported by Hacettepe University, BAB project no: FHD-2018-17283</em></p>

scholarly journals The tectonic evolution of Lake Eğirdir, West Turkey

Geologos ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Isparta Angle ◽  
Topographic Condition

The tectonic evolution of Lake Eğirdir, West Turkey Lake Eğirdir is one of the most important fresh-water lakes of Turkey. It has a tectonics-related origin. The area formed under a roughly N-S compressional tectonic regime during the Middle Miocene. The stresses caused slip faults west and east of Isparta Angle, and the lake formed at the junction of these faults. The area subsided between normal faults, thus creating the topographic condition required for a lake. The lacustrine sediments have fundamentally different lithologies. After the Late Miocene, central Anatolia started to move westwards, but western Anatolia moved in a SW direction along the South-western Anatolian Fault, which we suggest to have a left lateral slip, which caused that the Hoyran Basin moved t7 km towards the SW and rotated 40° counterclockwise relative to Lake Eğirdir.

scholarly journals Evolution of mafic lavas in Central Anatolia: Mantle source domains

Geosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Furman ◽  
Barry B. Hanan ◽  
Megan Pickard Sjoblom ◽  
Biltan Kürkcüoğlu ◽  
Kaan Sayit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Pb Isotope ◽  
Quaternary Volcanism ◽  
The North ◽  
Source Contributions ◽  
Distinct Source ◽  
Mafic Lavas ◽  
End Members

We present new Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic data on mafic lavas from the Sivas, Develidağ, Erciyes, and Erkilet volcanic complexes in central Turkey and Tendürek in eastern Turkey to evaluate the mantle sources for volcanism in the context of the geodynamic evolution of the Anatolian microplate. Early Miocene through Quaternary volcanism in Western Anatolia and latest Miocene through Quaternary activity in Central Anatolia were dominated by contributions from two distinct source regions: heterogeneous metasomatized or subduction-modified lithosphere, and roughly homogeneous sublithospheric ambient upper mantle; we model the source contributions through mixing between three end members. The sublithospheric mantle source plots close to the Northern Hemisphere reference line (NHRL) with radiogenic 206Pb/204Pb of ~19.15, while the other contributions plot substantially above the NHRL in Pb isotope space. The lithospheric source is heterogeneous, resulting from variable pollution by subduction-related processes likely including direct incorporation of sediment and/or mélange; its range in radiogenic isotopes is defined by regional oceanic sediment and ultrapotassic melts of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The geochemical impact of this contribution is disproportionately large, given that subduction-modified lithosphere and/or ocean sediment dominates the Pb isotope signatures of mafic Anatolian lavas. Subduction of the Aegean or Tethyan seafloor, associated with marked crustal shortening, took place throughout the region until ca. 16–17 Ma, after which time broad delamination of the thickened lower crust and/or the Tethyan slab beneath Central Anatolia allowed for sediment and/or mélange and slab-derived fluids to be released into the overlying evolving modified mantle. Aggregation of melts derived from both mantle and lithospheric domains was made possible by upwelling of warm asthenospheric material moving around and through the complexly torn younger Aegean-Cyprean slab that dips steeply to the north beneath southern Anatolia.

scholarly journals Whole-Rock Elemental and Sr-Nd Isotope Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of the Miocene Elmadağ Volcanic Complex, Central Anatolia (Ankara, Turkey)

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Kürşad Asan
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Source ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Parental Magma ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Volcanic Complex ◽  
Major Element Composition ◽  
Nd Isotope ◽  
Basaltic Rocks ◽  
Zircon Crystallization ◽  
Felsic Rocks

This study presented whole-rock elemental and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry data with the purpose to decipher the origin and evolution of the Miocene Elmadağ Volcanic Complex, Central Anatolia (Ankara, Turkey). Volcanic products spanned in composition from mildly alkaline basaltic (47–52 wt% SiO2) and medium- to high-K calc-alkaline intermediate (54–62 wt% SiO2; andesite to trachyandesite) to felsic (64–74 wt% SiO2; dacite to rhyolite) units. Despite a homogeneous major element composition, basaltic rocks were characterized by two distinct trace element and isotopic signatures, which have been correlated with different mantle sources. The first group of basaltic rocks was similar to those of oceanic island basalts (OIB) and was derived from asthenospheric mantle source. The second group had geochemical characteristics of orogenic basalts derived from subduction-modified lithospheric mantle source and represented parental magma of the intermediate to felsic rocks. By coupling geochemical and textural analyses of the rocks from the Elmadağ Volcanic Complex, I suggest that crystallization of olivine + clinopyroxene + apatite played an important role in the evolution of basaltic rocks, while plagioclase + amphibole + apatite + Fe-Ti oxides ± zircon crystallization was major process involved in the evolution of intermediate to felsic rocks. The EVC basaltic rocks were associated with the post-collisional extensional tectonic regime in the Central Anatolia, but the coexistence of the OIB-like volcanism implies variations in the extension dynamics during Miocene.

scholarly journals The two-stage Aegean extension, from localized to distributed, a result of slab rollback acceleration

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1142-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Brun ◽  
Claudio Faccenna ◽  
Frédéric Gueydan ◽  
Dimitrios Sokoutis ◽  
Mélody Philippon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Ductile Deformation ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
The North ◽  
Slab Rollback ◽  
Slab Tearing

Back-arc extension in the Aegean, which was driven by slab rollback since 45 Ma, is described here for the first time in two stages. From Middle Eocene to Middle Miocene, deformation was localized leading to (i) the exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks to crustal depths, (ii) the exhumation of high-temperature metamorphic rocks in core complexes, and (iii) the deposition of sedimentary basins. Since Middle Miocene, extension distributed over the whole Aegean domain controlled the deposition of onshore and offshore Neogene sedimentary basins. We reconstructed this two-stage evolution in 3D and four steps at Aegean scale by using available ages of metamorphic and sedimentary processes, geometry, and kinematics of ductile deformation, paleomagnetic data, and available tomographic models. The restoration model shows that the rate of trench retreat was around 0.6 cm/year during the first 30 My and then accelerated up to 3.2 cm/year during the last 15 My. The sharp transition observed in the mode of extension, localized versus distributed, in Middle Miocene correlates with the acceleration of trench retreat and is likely a consequence of the Hellenic slab tearing documented by mantle tomography. The development of large dextral northeast–southwest strike-slip faults, since Middle Miocene, is illustrated by the 450 km long fault zone, offshore from Myrthes to Ikaria and onshore from Izmir to Balikeshir, in Western Anatolia. Therefore, the interaction between the Hellenic trench retreat and the westward displacement of Anatolia started in Middle Miocene, almost 10 Ma before the propagation of the North Anatolian Fault in the North Aegean.

«Cimmero-Scythian» antiquities from Central Anatolia

2021 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Makhortykh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Significant Concentration

Central Anatolia is one of the regions of Western Asia, where the most significant concentration of archaeological materials connected with the Eurasian nomads of the early Scythian time is recorded. The flat plains of Central Anatolia had good pastures and served as a space where different cultures communicated with each other since ancient times. In the 7th–6th centuries BC this territory was located between Western Anatolia with Lydia and the eastern Greek centers and Eastern Anatolia, which was the zone of interest of the Urartu and Assyria. Small local "principalities" were localized here. These principalities were  probably controlled by well-armed and mobile nomads, who used this territory as a base for raids on neighboring as well as more  distant regions. An important and most numerous category of nomad inventory coming from the region is constituted by bronze socketed arrowheads found in burials in the province of Amasya, Imirler, Gordion and on the local settlements (Boğazköy, Kaman-Kalehöyük, Kerkenez Dağ). The article introduces their typology and provides analogies coming from the Eurasian monuments of the 7th–6th centuries BC. The study of early nomadic complexes from Anatolia shows theirsyncretic nature, which is influenced by artifacts of the Cimmerian, Scythian, and Сentral Asian origin as well as the local Near Eastern items. It highlights the complex ethnic composition of the nomadic groups located here in the 7th–6th centuries BC that does not allow attributing all these materials to a single group, for example, the Cimmerians.

Geological Correlation Between Northern Cyprus And Southern Anatolia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucel Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Oceanic Lithosphere ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Ophiolitic Mélange ◽  
South Central ◽  
Northern Cyprus

The island of Cyprus constitutes a fragment of southern Anatolia separated from the mainland by left-oblique transtension in late Cenozoic time. However, a geological framework of offset features of the south-central Anatolia, for comparison of Cyprus with a source region within and west of the southeastern Anatolian suture zone, has not yet been developed. In this paper, I enumerate, describe, and compare a full suite of potentially correlative spatial and temporal elements exposed in both regions. Northern Cyprus and south-central Anatolia have identical tectonostratigraphic units. At the base of both belts, crop out ophiolitic mélange-accretionary complex generated during the northward subduction of the NeoTethyan Oceanic lithosphere from the Late Cretaceous until the end of middle Eocene. The nappes of the Taurus carbonate platform were thrust above this internally chaotic unit during late Eocene. They began to move as a coherent nappe pile from that time onward. An asymmetrical flysch basin was formed in front of this southward moving nappe pile during the early Miocene. The nappes were then thrust over the flysch basin fill and caused its tight folding. Cyprus separated from Anatolia in the Pleistocene-Holocene when, transtensional oblique faults with dip-slip components caused the development of the Adana and Iskenderun basins and the separation of Cyprus from Anatolia.

South-Central Anatolia during the Iron Ages:

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
Lanaro ◽  
Anna ◽  
Castellano ◽  
Lorenzo ◽  
Highcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Anatolia ◽  
South Central
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