Coherent and Non-Coherent Components of Mesoscale Variations of Hydroxyl Rotational Temperature near the Mesopause.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Popov ◽  
Nikolai M. Gavrilov ◽  
Vladimir I. Perminov ◽  
Nikolai N. Pertsev ◽  
Irina V. Medvedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Temperature ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Internal Gravity Waves ◽  
State University ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Coherent Component ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere

<p>Mesoscale variations of the rotational temperature of excited hydroxyl (OH*) are studied at altitudes 85 – 90  km using the data of spectral measurements of nightglow emission at Russian observatories Zvenigorod (56 ° N, 37°E.) in years 2004  –  2016, Tory (52 ° N, 103°E) in  2012  –  2017 and Maimaga (63° N,  130° E) in  2014 - 2019. The filtering of mesoscale variations was made by calculations of the differences between the measured values of OH* rotational temperature separated with time intervals of <em>dt</em> ~ 0.5 - 2 hr. Comparisons of monthly variances of the temperature differences for various <em>dt</em> allow us to estimate coherent and non-coherent in time components of the mesoscale temperature perturbations. The first component can be associated with mesoscale waves near the mesopause. The non-coherent component may be produced by instrument errors and atmospheric turbulence. The results allow us correcting the observed mesoscale temperature variances at all listed sites for contributions of instrumental and turbulent errors. Seasonal and interannual changes in the coherent component of mesoscale variances of the temperature at the observational sites are studied, which may reflect respective changes in the intensity of mesoscale internal gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region.</p><p>     The analysis of nightglows data was supported by the grant #19-35-90130 of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Hydroxyl nightglow data at the Tory site were obtained with the equipment of the Center for Common Use «Angara» http://ckp-rf.ru/ckp/3056/ at the ISTP SB RAS within budgetary funding from the Basic Research Program (Project 0278-2021-0003). Data of the “Geomodel” Resource Center of Saint-Petersburg State University were used.</p>

Model of Daytime Oxygen Emissions in the Mesopause Region and Above: New Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine Yankovsky ◽  
Ekaterina Vorobeva ◽  
Rada Manuilova ◽  
Irina Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Vibrationally Excited ◽  
Mesopause Region ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Basic Research Grant ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Excited Oxygen

<p>Atmospheric emissions of atomic and molecular oxygen have been observed since the middle of the 19th century. In the last decades, it has been shown that emissions of excited oxygen atom O(<sup>1</sup>D) and molecular oxygen in electronically-vibrationally excited states O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v) and O<sub>2</sub>(a<sup>1</sup>Δ<sub>g</sub>, v) are related by a unified photochemical mechanism in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The current study is performed in the framework of the state-of-the-art model of ozone and molecular oxygen photodissociation in the daytime MLT. In particular, the study includes a detailed description of the formation mechanism for excited oxygen components in the daytime MLT and presents the comparison of widely used photochemical models. The study also demonstrates new results such as i) new suggestions about possible products of collisional reactions of electronically-vibrationally excited oxygen molecules with atomic oxygen and ii) new estimates of O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v = 0 – 10) radiative lifetimes which are necessary for solving inverse problems in the lower thermosphere. Moreover, special attention is given to the Barth’s mechanism in order to demonstrate that its contribution to O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v) and O<sub>2</sub>(a<sup>1</sup>Δ<sub>g</sub>, v) populations is neglectable in daytime conditions regardless of fitting coefficients. In addition, possible applications of the daytime oxygen emissions are presented, e.g., the altitude profiles O(<sup>3</sup>P), O<sub>3</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> can be retrieved by solving inverse photochemical problems where emissions from electronically vibrationally excited states of O<sub>2</sub> are used as proxies. The funding of V.Y., R.M. and I.M. was partly provided by the Russian Fund for Basic Research (grant RFBR No. 20-05-00450).</p>

Study of temperature, wind speed and tides in the upper atmosphere from optical measurements during the 2017-2019 winter's

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilyev Roman ◽  
Zorkaltseva Olga
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
East Siberia ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Stratospheric Polar Vortex ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>.The mesosphere and lower thermosphere are the least studied areas of the earth atmosphere. The reason for this is the lack of monitoring. We have the Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) installed in middle latitudes of East Siberia in the geophysical observatory of Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS (51.8N, 103.1E).  The FPI is a unique instrument and has no analogues in Russia.The FPI with a temporal resolution of about 10–15 minutes observes the natural glow of the night atmosphere of 630.0, 557.7 nm and 843 nm, the characteristic heights of these lines are about 250, 100 and 90 km, respectively. In this study, we use data on the behavior of the zonal, meridional component of wind speed and temperature obtained with 557.7 nm line. We analyze the temperature regime and dynamics of the stratospheric polar vortex according to the data of climatic archive - ERA-interim to get the relationship of SSW and wind regime in MLT.  In this study, we consider winter atmosphere in 2017-2019 over East Siberia, namely the period of sudden stratospheric warming. We compared the evolution of stratospheric warming’s with temporary variations in background wind and temperature and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. It turned out that the sudden stratospheric warming's made a strong effect in upper layers of the atmosphere. During major stratospheric warming's, the zonal and meridional winds reversed and increase in the semidiurnal and thirdrdiurnal tides. Temperature in MLT dramatic drop followed by an increase during sudden stratospheric warming's. Minor sudden stratospheric warming's had a similar (but much lower in intensity) response in the upper atmosphere.</p><p>Acknowledgements. Analysis of stratosphere condition in this work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 19-77-00009. Analysis of methosphere condition in ths work was supported by Rusian Foundation for Basic Research project No. 18-05-00594. The measurements were carried out on the instrument of Center for Common Use «Angara» [http://ckp-rf.ru/ckp/ 3056]. The authors gratefully acknowledge the access to the ECMWF ERA-Interim.</p>

scholarly journals Estimated influence of stratospheric activity on the ionosphere according to measurements with ISTP SB RAS tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Maksim Tolstikov ◽  
Konstantin Ratovsky ◽  
Irina Medvedeva ◽  
Denis Khabituev
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Internal Gravity Waves ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Comprehensive Study

We present the results of a comprehensive study of the manifestation of wave activity with periods of internal gravity waves (IGW) in various regions of the atmosphere: in the stratosphere, upper mesosphere, and in the F2-region of the ionosphere. The study is based on radiophysical and spectrometric measurements made with tools of the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) SB RAS and the Era-Interim reanalysis data. The correlation coefficient with time shift between ionospheric and stratospheric activity for the annual interval varies in the range from 0.45 to 0.54, and for the 27-day interval it reaches the levels 0.4–0.8 in seventy percent of the cases. Thirty percent of correlation coefficients less than 0.4 can be explained by the influence of neutral wind, geomagnetic activity, and non-stratospheric IGW sources. Comparison between stratospheric activity and variations in characteristics of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TID) has shown that a ~15 day shift in stratospheric activity results in a fairly high correlation between stratospheric activity and disturbance of IGW characteristics (~0.6). The delay of about 15 days can be attributed to the delay in the temperature variations at heights of the lower thermosphere relative to the temperature variations at the altitude pressure level of 1 hPa. Comparative analysis of variations in mesospheric and ionospheric activity has revealed time intervals when their behavior is consistent.

scholarly journals Estimated influence of stratospheric activity on the ionosphere according to measurements with ISTP SB RAS tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Maksim Tolstikov ◽  
Konstantin Ratovsky ◽  
Irina Medvedeva ◽  
Denis Khabituev
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Internal Gravity Waves ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Comprehensive Study

We present the results of a comprehensive study of the manifestation of wave activity with periods of internal gravity waves (IGW) in various regions of the atmosphere: in the stratosphere, upper mesosphere, and in the F2-region of the ionosphere. The study is based on radiophysical and spectrometric measurements made with tools of the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) SB RAS and the Era-Interim reanalysis data. The correlation coefficient with time shift between ionospheric and stratospheric activity for the annual interval varies in the range from 0.45 to 0.54, and for the 27-day interval it reaches the levels 0.4–0.8 in seventy percent of the cases. Thirty percent of correlation coefficients less than 0.4 can be explained by the influence of neutral wind, geomagnetic activity, and non-stratospheric IGW sources. Comparison between stratospheric activity and variations in characteristics of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TID) has shown that a ~15 day shift in stratospheric activity results in a fairly high correlation between stratospheric activity and disturbance of IGW characteristics (~0.6). The delay of about 15 days can be attributed to the delay in the temperature variations at heights of the lower thermosphere relative to the temperature variations at the altitude pressure level of 1 hPa. Comparative analysis of variations in mesospheric and ionospheric activity has revealed time intervals when their behavior is consistent.

Seasonal-latitudinal distributions of the populations of the states O2(b1, v = 0 - 2) in the daytime mesosphere and lower thermosphere

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rada Manuilova ◽  
Valentine Yankovsky
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Resonant Absorption ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Vibrational Kinetics ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Kinetics Of

<p>In the last decade, it was shown that volume emission rates (VMR) for transitions from the levels O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v’ = 0 – 2) to the levels O<sub>2</sub>(X<sup>3</sup>Σ<sup>-</sup><sub>g</sub>, v’’) can be used as proxies for retrieving the altitude profiles of [O(<sup>3</sup>P )], [O<sub>3</sub>] and [CO<sub>2</sub>] in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) [1, 2]. Despite the fact that, in single experiments, radiation in the bands 762, 688, and 628 nm corresponding to the abovementioned transitions were observed (e. g., [3]), no systematic measurements of the intensities of these emissions have yet been performed. The main source of excitation of the levels O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v’ = 0 – 2) is the energy transfer from the excited O(<sup>1</sup>D) atom, along with the resonant absorption of solar radiation in these bands in the mesosphere.</p><p>In the framework of the YM2011 model of electronical-vibrational kinetics of the excited products of O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> photolysis, using systematic SABER satellite experimental data on the [O (<sup>1</sup>D)] altitude profiles we calculated the altitudinal-latitudinal distributions of the O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v’ = 0 – 2) concentrations  and VMR in the corresponding bands, using the 2010 data as an example. It was shown that there is a seasonal dependence of the altitude profiles of the concentrations of excited states O<sub>2</sub>(b<sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup><sub>g</sub>, v’ = 0 – 2) obviously related to the seasonal changes of [O(<sup>3</sup>P)] and [O<sub>3</sub>] profiles.</p><p>This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research  (grant RFBR No. 20-05-00450 A).</p><p>1. Yankovsky V. A., Martyshenko K. V., Manuilova R. O., Feofilov A. G. (2016), Oxygen dayglow emissions as proxies for atomic oxygen and ozone in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 327, 209-231, doi:10.1016/j.jms.2016.</p><p>2. Yankovsky V. A., Vorobeva E. V., Manuilova R. O. (2019), New techniques for retrieving the [O(3P)], [O3] and [CO2] altitude profiles from dayglow oxygen emissions: Uncertainty analysis by the Monte Carlo method, Advances in Space Research, 64, 1948–1967, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2019.07.020</p><p>3. Torr M. T., Torr D. G. (1985), A Preliminary Spectroscopic Assessment of the Spacelab 1/Shuttle Optical Environment, J. Geophys. Res. A 90, 1683–1690, https://doi.org/10.1029/JA090iA02p01683.</p>

‘A Russian revolt, senseless and merciless...’: The 100th anniversary of 1917 revolution in Russia

2018 ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Nikolai A. Zhirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
State University ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
The People ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
Preceding Period

On September, 21-23, the I.A. Bunin Yelets State University, supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFFI), held an All-Russian scientific conference ‘In the time of change: Revolt, insurrection, and revolution in the Russian periphery in the 17th – early 20th centuries’. Scientists from various Russian regions participated in its work. The conference organizers focused on social conflicts in the Russian periphery. The first series of reports addressed the Age of Rebellions in the Russian history. They considered the role and the place of the service class people in anti-government revolts. Some scientists stressed the effect of official state policy on the revolutionary mood of the people. Some reports paid attention to jurisdictions and activities of the general police in the 19th – early 20th century and those of the Provisional Government militia. Other reports analyzed the participation of persons of non-peasant origin in the revolutionary events. They studied the effect of the revolutionary events on the mood and behavior of local people and the ways of solving conflicts between the authorities and the society. Most numerous series of reports were devoted to social conflicts in the Russian village at the turn of the 20th century, studied forms and ways of peasants' struggle against the extortionate cost of the emancipation, and offered a periodization of peasants' uprisings. The researchers stressed that peasants remained politically unmotivated; analysis of their relations with authorities shows that they were predominantly conservative and not prone to incitement to against monarchy. Some questions of source studies and methodology of studying the revolution and the preceding period were raised. Most researches used interdisciplinary methods, popular in modern humanities and historical science.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Waves in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Observed by SABER

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 4384-4399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando R. Garcia ◽  
Ruth Lieberman ◽  
James M. Russell ◽  
Martin G. Mlynczak
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Zonal Winds ◽  
Broadband Emission ◽  
Summer Hemisphere ◽  
Mean Structure ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract Observations made by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on board NASA’s Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite have been processed using Salby’s fast Fourier synoptic mapping (FFSM) algorithm. The mapped data provide a first synoptic look at the mean structure and traveling waves of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) since the launch of the TIMED satellite in December 2001. The results show the presence of various wave modes in the MLT, which reach largest amplitude above the mesopause and include Kelvin and Rossby–gravity waves, eastward-propagating diurnal oscillations (“non-sun-synchronous tides”), and a set of quasi-normal modes associated with the so-called 2-day wave. The latter exhibits marked seasonal variability, attaining large amplitudes during the solstices and all but disappearing at the equinoxes. SABER data also show a strong quasi-stationary Rossby wave signal throughout the middle atmosphere of the winter hemisphere; the signal extends into the Tropics and even into the summer hemisphere in the MLT, suggesting ducting by westerly background zonal winds. At certain times of the year, the 5-day Rossby normal mode and the 4-day wave associated with instability of the polar night jet are also prominent in SABER data.

Climatological modeling of horizontal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over a mid-latitude station in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1354-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yao ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Biqiang Zhao ◽  
You Yu ◽  
Libo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Latitude Station ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere
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