scholarly journals Analysis of extreme wave events in the southern coast of Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 4363-4391 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Guimarães ◽  
L. Farina ◽  
E. Toldo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Significant Wave Heights ◽  
Buoy Data ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Using the model SWAN, high waves on the Southwestern Atlantic generated by extra-tropical cyclones are simulated from 2000 to 2010 and their impact on the Rio Grande do Sul coast is studied. The modeled waves are compared with buoy data and good agreement is found. The six extreme events in the period which presented significant wave heights above 5 m, on a particular point of interest, are investigated in detail. It is found that the cyclogenetic pattern between the latitudes 31.5 and 34° S, is the most favorable for developing high waves. Hovmöller diagrams for deep water show that the region between the south of Rio Grande do Sul up to latitude 31.5° S is the most energetic during a cyclone's passage, although the event of May 2008 indicate that the location of this region can vary, depending on the cyclone's displacement. On the oher hand, the Hovmöller diagrams for shallow water show that the different shoreface morphologies were responsable for focusing or dissipating the waves' energy; the regions found are in agreement with the observations of erosion and progradation regions. It can be concluded that some of the urban areas of the beaches of Hermenegildo, Cidreira, Pinhal, Tramandaí, Imbé and Torres have been more exposed during the extreme wave events at Rio Grande do Sul coast, and are more vulnerable to this natural hazard.

scholarly journals Analysis of extreme wave events on the southern coast of Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3195-3205 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Guimarães ◽  
L. Farina ◽  
E. E. Toldo Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Extreme Wave ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Significant Wave Heights ◽  
Buoy Data ◽  
The Waves

Abstract. Using the wave model SWAN (simulating waves nearshore), high waves on the southwestern Atlantic generated by extra-tropical cyclones are simulated from 2000 to 2010, and their impact on the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) coast is studied. The modeled waves are compared with buoy data and good agreement is found. The six extreme events in the period that presented significant wave heights above 5 m, on a particular point of interest, are investigated in detail. It is found that the cyclogenetic pattern between the latitudes 31.5 and 34° S is the most favorable for developing high waves. Hovmöller diagrams for deep water show that the region between the south of Rio Grande do Sul up to a latitude of 31.5° S is the most energetic during a cyclone's passage, although the event of May 2008 indicates that the location of this region can vary, depending on the cyclone's displacement. On the other hand, the Hovmöller diagrams for shallow water show that the different shoreface morphologies were responsible for focusing or dissipating the waves' energy; the regions found are in agreement with the observations of erosion and progradation regions. It can be concluded that some of the urban areas of the beaches of Hermenegildo, Cidreira, Pinhal, Tramandaí, Imbé and Torres have been more exposed during the extreme wave events on the Rio Grande do Sul coast, and are more vulnerable to this natural hazard.

scholarly journals Herpetofauna from an urban Pampa fragment in southern Brazil: composition, structure and conservation

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1964
Author(s):  
Omar Machado Entiauspe-Neto ◽  
Tângela Denise Perleberg ◽  
Marco Antonio de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Faunal Composition ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Composition Structure

Faunistic inventories regarding natural history of amphibians and reptiles are considered scarce and very little is known about their assemblages in urban areas; the Pampas morphoclimatic domain, also known as Uruguayan Savannah or Southern Grasslands, is also poorly known regarding their faunal composition.  Herein, we present a checklist of 16 amphibian and 20 reptile species recorded over a course of four years in the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus Pelotas-Visconde da Graça, in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We also present data on natural history and discuss conservation efforts to be undertaken in the area, in one of the least preserved and known Brazilian morphoclimatic domains, providing insights into urban herpetofaunal diversity patterns and showing the importance of modified areas in its conservation.

scholarly journals Growth curve of Atlantoscia floridana (van Name) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Philosciidae) from a Brazilian Restinga Forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Georgina Bond-Buckup
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Estimate Life Expectancy ◽  
Males And Females

The terrestrial isopod Atlantoscia floridana (van Name, 1940) occurs from the U.S.A. (Florida) to Brazil and Argentina. In the southernmost Brazilian State, Rio Grande do Sul, the species is recorded in many localities, in urban and in non-urban areas. The growth curve of Atlantoscia floridana based on field data is presented. The specimens were sampled from April, 2000 to October, 2001 at the Reserva Biológica do Lami (RBL), Rio Grande do Sul. Captured individuals were sexed and had their cephalothorax width measured, with the data analyzed with von Bertalanffy's model. The growth curves for males and females are described, respectively, by the equations: Wt = 1.303 [1 - e-0.00941 (t + 50.37)] and Wt = 1.682 [1 - e-0.00575 (t + 59.13)]. The curves showed differential growth between sexes, where females reach a higher Wµ with a slower growth rate. Based on the growth curves it was also possible to estimate life expectancy for males and females.

scholarly journals Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato(Ixodidae) in synantropic rodents in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Tavares Winkel ◽  
Paulo Bretanha Ribeiro ◽  
Lidiane Oliveira Antunes ◽  
Marcial Corrêa Cárcamo ◽  
Élvia Elena Silveira Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
First Record ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Sensu Lato

Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the brown dog tick, is responsible for maintaining and transmitting various pathogens, both in animals and human beings, and it is of great sanitary importance. This communication reports the first occurrence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato parasitizing Rattus norvegicus in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and it is also the first record of this tick species parasitizing Rattus rattus in Brazil. The rodents were captured from the port area, located in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We collected 6 larvae of this tick species from 2 male R. rattus individuals, and 3 larvae from 2 female R. norvegicus individuals; parasitized specimens of both rodent species were captured from different sites within the experimental area. This record broadens the number of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato hosts in urban areas, indicating the need for continued monitoring on population density for both R. sanguineus and synanthropic rodents.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES IN URBAN AREAS OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL-PRELIMINARY STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
E. Teixeira ◽  
J. Fachel Braga ◽  
J.D. D. Migliavacca ◽  
M.L.L.Fomoso Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Atmospheric Particles ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Cluster Data ◽  
Steel Industries

This work reports the determination of the concentration and chemical composition of atmospheric particles in the urban districts of Charqueadas and Sapucaia do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Chemical composition, morphology, and particle size were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x=ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS). Cluster analysis showed that there were six types of particles: Fe-Zn, Fe, Si=Al, Si, Ca-S, and Na. Factorial analysis from cluster data showed that particles rich in Fe-Zn, Si-Al, and Ca-S appeared more frequently, indicating anthropogenic influence (vehicles, steel plants, coal-fired power stations). The experimental results and consideration of the wind directions show that the main source of pollution in Charqueadas appears to be due to coal mining and steel industries, while in Sapucaia do Sul due to steel plants and vehicles.

scholarly journals Bovine rabies in Rio Grande do Sul: positivity rates, geographical distribution, and seasonal occurrence

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Bruno Egídio Cappelari ◽  
Jéssica Grace da Silveira ◽  
Julio César de Almeida Rosa ◽  
José Carlos Ferreira ◽  
Giovana Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The Impact

Rabies is a zoonotic disease characterized by acute viral encephalitis. It is almost 100% fatal for infected animals. While cases of human rabies have still been registered in Brazil, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul rabies is considered a controlled disease in urban areas. However, the transmission of bovine rabies – which has been largely associated with the Desmodus rotundus bat – is endemic. Additionally, there are estimates that only 10% of rabies cases are reported. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the positivity rates, geographical distribution, and seasonal occurrence of bovine rabies in RS, as well as the sampling practices in rabies surveillance. Using samples submitted for laboratory diagnosis from 2016 to 2019, we conducted a retrospective study of the sample results, positivity rates, and seasonal occurrence of rabies in cattle. Throughout these four years, less than a third of state municipalities sent samples for diagnosis, suggesting that the occurrence of rabies might still be underestimated in non-sampled areas. A higher number of rabies cases were reported in 2019, a year in which the most diagnosed samples and the highest positivity percentages were recorded. However, the case numbers registered between 2016 and 2019 were not significantly different. We found that the summer and autumn months presented statistically different positivity rates. Besides this, we did not find any positive D. rotundus samples, despite the positivity rates for bovine rabies. Active surveillance, especially of bat populations and under-sampled regions, must be strengthened to correctly estimate the impact of rabies.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of extreme wave runup during storm events in Tramandaí Beach, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Veras Guimarães ◽  
Leandro Farina ◽  
Elirio Toldo ◽  
Gabriel Diaz-Hernandez ◽  
Elena Akhmatskaya
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Wave Runup ◽  
Extreme Wave

Measured Metocean Characteristics of Gulf of Mexico Hurricanes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Z. Forristall ◽  
Jason McConochie
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Hurricane Wind ◽  
Wave Parameters ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Significant Wave Heights ◽  
Buoy Data

A wealth of Gulf of Mexico hurricane wind and wave data has been measured in recent years. We have constructed a database that combines HURDAT storm track information with NDBC buoy data for the years 1978–2010. HURDAT contains 141 storms for that period of which 67 had measured significant wave heights greater than 5 m. Industry measurements in Hurricanes Camille, Lili, Ivan, Katrina, Rita, Gustav and Ike have been added to the buoy data. We have used this data base to study the relationships between wind and wave parameters in hurricanes. Specifically, we have calculated regressions and equal probability contours for significant wave height and peak spectral periods, first and second moment periods, wave height and Jonswap gamma values, wind speeds and wave heights, and wave and wind directions. All of these calculations have been done for azimuthal quadrants of the storm and radial distances near and far from the storm center.

scholarly journals Air quality assessment in different urban areas from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, using lichen transplants

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 2233-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATÁLIA MOSSMANN KOCH ◽  
FABIANE LUCHETA ◽  
MÁRCIA ISABEL KÄFFER ◽  
SUZANA MARIA DE AZEVEDO MARTINS ◽  
VERA MARIA FERRÃO VARGAS
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Lichen Transplants ◽  
Air Quality Assessment
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