scholarly journals Viewing Your Kapwa: Elaboration of a Social-Relational Construct through Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Paul Danielle P. Labor ◽  
Maria Cecilia C. Gastardo-Conaco
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
Validity Tests

Enriquez (1978) presented Kapwa as a core social psychological construct that could underpin Filipino social perception and interaction. However, issues arose regarding its conceptual and operational clarity as well as lack of empirical support. This two-phased study aims to address the issues presented through a psychometric approach. The first phase aimed to uncover construct characteristics by asking participants to provide definitions and examples of kapwa and di-kapwa, which were then examined via content analysis and the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) program. Results from this phase elicited four (4) themes indicating that people viewed their social other in terms of dispositional attribution, level of interaction, connection, and inclusion. The second phase utilized this data to develop a kapwa measure which was found to have three (3) dimensions: Relations with the Social Other, Perceived Negative Characteristics, and Difference from the Self. Initial reliability and validity tests were favorable. Implications on Filipino social perception and behaviors highlight that we view our social others in terms of the aforementioned three dimensions and how differentially we might treat them depending on whether they are perceived as kapwa or di-kapwa. Furthermore, the results of the study further elaborate and nuance kapwa, which adds to theorizing in Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP).

Fashion self-congruity: scale development and validation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahiba Anand ◽  
Harsandaldeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Scale Validation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate measurement properties of a scale measuring fashion self-congruity (FSC). Design/methodology/approach Based on the existing literature of self-congruity, and four studies carried out as a part of this research, the FSC scale has been validated in a step-by-step process following the scale validation methodology suggested by Churchill (1979). Findings The final version of the scale incorporates nine items classified into three dimensions: actual fashion self-congruity, ideal fashion self-congruity, and ideal social fashion self-congruity. The scale reveals strong psychometric properties based on findings of different reliability and validity tests. Practical implications A valid and reliable FSC scale provides a foundation to broaden quantitative inquiry into the types of FSC that consumers seek under different situations. Knowledge of the dominant self-concept driving the consumption of fashion in various situations will enable marketers to position their brands along the desired dimension of FSC. Originality/value The value of this research paper lies in validating a scale to measure FSC for the first time in the self-concept/congruity literature.

ENSURING QUALITY IN SURVEY RESEARCH

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopi K Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Survey Approach

This descripto-analytical paper on ensuring quality in survey research discusses the management of errors in administering survey. This paper aims to help the social science researchers to ensure the quality in the process and outcomes of survey research. It begins with the brief conceptual underpinnings of survey research, discusses about reliability and validity tests in survey, elaborates the notion of total survey error approach, and suggests some measures on handling survey errors. Given the wider applications and substantial costs associated with survey research, the issues of sampling and non-sampling errors have always been major concerns in the quality of survey research. Survey research can be instrumental in generating knowledge provided survey errors are handled properly. Though a variety of measures are in practices to ensure quality of survey data, this paper gives importance on total survey approach that gives emphasis on total quality management in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Dealing survey data from the perspective of total survey approach would yield fruitful results from survey research.

scholarly journals SELF-MURDER AND SELF-MURDERERS IN SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF YOUNG RUSSIANS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

Psichologija ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Nikolay Dvoryanchikov ◽  
Inna Bovina ◽  
Olesya Vikhristuck ◽  
Elizaveta Berezina ◽  
Gennady Bannikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Central System ◽  
The Social

Premature death caused by self-murder is one of the most serious problems of public health in the world. About one million people disappear for this reason each year, and the further estimations are quite pessimistic.There are no doubts that the current situation is extremely serious and complex; as a result, the importance of the further development and realization of the preventive measures is obvious. Each preventive program in the field of public health should be based on the results of social psychological studies concerning the problem. In the presented paper, we discuss the results of the exploratory study based on the ideas of the social representations theory. The objective of the exploratory study was to analyze the specificity of the social representations of self-murder and self-murderers in two groups of young Russians. A total of 106 subjects (67 females and 39 males) aged 18 to 35 participated in the study. It was supposed that the social representation of self-murder and of self-murderers would be less shared in the group of subjects who have friends or acquaintances among people with self-murder experience (committed self-murder or attempted it); it means that the structure of the social representations would be more complex (the central system would be composed of more elements that correspond to different themes on self-murder), whereas, the social representation of self-murder and of self-murderers in the group of subjects who have no friends or acquaintances with self-murder experience (committed self-murder or attempted it) would be more shared (the central system would consist of less themes) and less complex.The different themes that form the social representations of self-murder and of self-murderers in two groups were revealed. The suppositions got empirical support.

scholarly journals What Influences the Organisational Commitment of Employees working in NGOs?

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tisha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

<italic>Purpose</italic> - The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of emotional intelligence on psychological well being and further identifying the impact of psychological well being on various dimensions of organisational commitment viz, affective, normative and continuous commitment. <italic>Design/methodology/approach</italic> - Data were collected from 200 employees working in NGOs of west delhi region (Capital of India) on the bases of purposive sampling. Statistical techniques like CFA and SEM were used to analyse the data. Further, reliability and validity tests were also performed. <italic>Findings</italic> - The study suggests that emotional intelligence has a positive and significant impact over psychological well being. Further, psychological well being has a greater impact over affective commitment followed by normative and continuous commitment among employees working in NGOs. <italic>Originality/value</italic> - This work is the first that investigates the individual impact of psychological well being over the three dimensions of organisational commitment. Study also explores the significant impact of emotional intelligence on psychological well being in context of NGOs. <italic>Paper type</italic> - Empirical Paper

Fritz Heider’s Legacy

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram F. Malle
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Folk Theory ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social

This article reviews some of the central ideas in Heider’s (1958 ) book, The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations: common-sense psychology, personal causality, causal attribution, and the social perception of mental states. Relying on Heider’s own words to introduce these topics, the review shows that post-Heiderian attribution research overlooked and misunderstood several of Heider’s contributions. For example, he has been falsely portrayed as postulating a person-situation dichotomy as the core of people’s understanding of behavior; and his analysis of dispositions as primarily mental states has been mistaken for one of dispositions as stable traits. Heider’s original ideas are, however, firmly connected to cognitive science research on the folk theory of mind and provide a foundation for recent social-psychological work on inferences of other people’s mental states.

Two faces of social-psychological realism

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Hoover Wilson ◽  
Julie Y. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Scientific Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Realism ◽  
Scientific Paradigms ◽  
The Social

AbstractThis commentary places Jussim (2012) in dialogue with sociological perspectives on social reality and the political-academic nature of scientific paradigms. Specifically, we highlight how institutions, observers, and what is being observed intersect, and discuss the implications of this intersection on measurement within the social world. We then identify similarities between Jussim's specific narrative regarding social perception research, with noted patterns of scientific change.

The social neuroscience of biases in in-and-out-group face processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Terbeck
Keyword(s):  
Social Perception ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Social Neuroscience ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Reliable Predictor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Psychological Research

AbstractThe validity and reliability of stereotypes in social perception confirms traditional early social psychological research. Already in 1954 Gordon Allport stated that stereotypes might have a “kernel of truth.” Recent research in social neuroscience, however, contradicts Lee Jussims’ (2012) claim that the application of stereotypes increases accuracy in person perception. Person perception is inaccurate as it is insufficient when it involves only one factor (even if that factor was a reliable predictor).

Providing Freshmen with a Good “Starting-Block”

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaël De Clercq ◽  
Charlotte Michel ◽  
Sophie Remy ◽  
Benoît Galand
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Student Adjustment ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Study Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Intention To Persist

Abstract. Grounded in social-psychological literature, this experimental study assessed the effects of two so-called “wise” interventions implemented in a student study program. The interventions took place during the very first week at university, a presumed pivotal phase of transition. A group of 375 freshmen in psychology were randomly assigned to three conditions: control, social belonging, and self-affirmation. Following the intervention, students in the social-belonging condition expressed less social apprehension, a higher social integration, and a stronger intention to persist one month later than the other participants. They also relied more on peers as a source of support when confronted with a study task. Students in the self-affirmation condition felt more self-affirmed at the end of the intervention but didn’t benefit from other lasting effects. The results suggest that some well-timed and well-targeted “wise” interventions could provide lasting positive consequences for student adjustment. The respective merits of social-belonging and self-affirmation interventions are also discussed.

Impact of the Locus of Causality and Internal Control on the Social Utility of Causal Explanations

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Perrin ◽  
Benoît Testé
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
External Control ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
Locus Of Causality ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types

Research into the norm of internality ( Beauvois & Dubois, 1988 ) has shown that the expression of internal causal explanations is socially valued in social judgment. However, the value attributed to different types of internal explanations (e.g., efforts vs. traits) is far from homogeneous. This study used the Weiner (1979 ) tridimensional model to clarify the factors explaining the social utility attached to internal versus external explanations. Three dimensions were manipulated: locus of causality, controllability, and stability. Participants (N = 180 students) read the explanations expressed by appliants during a job interview. They then described the applicants on the French version of the revised causal dimension scale and rated their future professional success. Results indicated that internal-controllable explanations were the most valued. In addition, perceived internal and external control of explanations were significant predictors of judgments.

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