Revolution? Das Jahr 1848 im ländlichen Raum

2021 ◽  
pp. 359-385
Author(s):  
Thomas Stockinger
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Parliamentary Politics

Revolution? The Year 1848 in the Countryside. Contrary to widespread assumptions, it was not only in Vienna and other major European cities that revolutionary movements occurred in 1848. Rural areas too saw a wave of protests against existing institutions and experimentation with new forms of political activity, involving large segments of the population. This concerned not only the traditional resistance to the manorial system and its dues, which attained its goal in 1848 with the defeudalisation law, but multiple other phenomena too. This chapter discusses innovations in political communication, elections and parliamentary politics, the National Guard, and the reactions to the October Revolution in Vienna. It is reasonable to believe that these new experiences left permanent marks on the political consciousness of the rural population and had a long-term impact on the development of its relationship with the state.

Methods to Reduce Traffic Speed in High-Pedestrian Rural Areas

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kamyab ◽  
Steve Andrle ◽  
Dennis Kroeger ◽  
David S. Heyer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Many Minnesota counties are faced with the problem of high vehicle speeds through towns or resort areas that have significant pedestrian traffic. The impact of speed reduction strategies in high-pedestrian areas in rural counties of Minnesota was investigated. Speed data were collected at two selected study sites under their existing conditions ("no-treatment" or "before" condition) and after the proposed speed reduction strategies were installed. Second "after" data conditions were collected to study the short-term and long-term impact of the implemented strategies. The traffic-calming techniques employed at the Twin Lakes site consisted of removable pedestrian islands and pedestrian crossing signs. A dynamic variable message sign that sent a single-word message ("Slow") to motorists traveling over the speed limit was installed at the Bemidji site. The research study shows that the traffic-calming strategy deployed in Twin Lakes was effective in significantly reducing the mean speed and improving speed limit compliance in both the short term and long term. Despite proven effectiveness, the deployed speed reduction treatment in Bemidji Lake failed to lower the speed at the study site. The single-word message on the sign and the location of the sign, as well as a lack of initial enforcement, were the primary reasons for such failure.

Silvio Berlusconi and the Italian presidency: accordions, triangles and constitutional change

Modern Italy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Furlong
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Silvio Berlusconi

This article considers the changed role of the Italian presidency and the impact and legacy of Silvio Berlusconi on this. After consideration of some of the methodological difficulties raised by these issues, the article looks at the role of the presidency up to 1992, when the presidency was interpreted in narrow terms set by the framers of the 1948 constitution and by the predominance of the party leaders of the period over the political direction of the State. The article considers how presidents from Sandro Pertini (1978–85) on, sought in different ways to expand the political role of their office. The article analyses the different ways that Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi and Giorgio Napolitano used their formal and informal powers both to maintain the status of the office and to promote political goals, and concludes with an assessment of the likely long-term impact of these changes and of Berlusconi's role in them.

Bully Pulpit? Twitter Users’ Engagement With President Trump’s Tweets

2020 ◽  
pp. 089443932094657
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Lazarus ◽  
Judd R. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Political Candidates ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Salience

With nearly all political candidates, officeholders, and organizations using the platform, Twitter has become an important venue for political communication and engagement. In particular, Twitter lowers the cost of entry for political activity, with the result that millions of people follow and interact with political elites online. However, most studies of the political uses of twitter focus on the substance and content of tweets themselves. In contrast, we ask what influences the rates at which users engage with the tweets posted by political elites. To do this, we obtained the number of likes and retweets for each of President Trump’s tweets over a 14-month time span. Using these data, we find first that engagement varies with Trump’s net approval in the broader electorate. Second, we find that engagement varies with the substantive content of the tweet: negatively toned tweets and tweets involving foreign policy receive higher levels of engagement than other tweets. Third, we find that high-salience events—for example, the recusal of Jeff Sessions—lead to more engagement. Fourth, we find some evidence that engagement levels vary with the timing of the electoral cycle. Overall, we argue that the factors influencing Twitter engagement are in some ways similar to the factors influencing political activity more broadly, though it is possible that the fact that Trump’s use of Twitter is unique among politicians drives some of our results.

The Exemplary in Transnational Social Movements: The Legacies of the Alterglobalization Movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iratxe Perea Ozerin
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Main Aspect ◽  
Transnational Social Movements ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Revolutionary theorists have pointed to the “exemplary” in revolutions as the main aspect explaining the power of these phenomena to shape the international system. As a result of their internationalist commitment and their capacity to set revolutionary models, revolutions have a long-term impact not anticipated by even the revolutionaries themselves. Even though they might be overthrown or socialized, the ideas and the internationalist practice exercised by revolutionary movements continue affecting subsequent dynamics of contestation and thus defining world politics. In this article, I argue that the impact of Transnational Social Movements (TSM) can be analyzed in this light. To the extent that they aim to transform the international order, TSMs’ interaction with the international might be deeper than is normally assumed. In order to illustrate this, the article focuses on the Alterglobalization Movement (AGM) as a case study. This approach allows an assessment of the potential of the AGM to shape international politics beyond more immediate victories at the beginning of the millennium.

scholarly journals The efficiency of communication strategies of politically oriented communities on the Internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Darya I. Judina ◽  
◽  
Sergei A. Ivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Identification ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
High Level

The Internet as a special space for political activity and political communication is becoming more and more attractive to political actors. The intensification of political activity on the Internet leads to the increase of researchers’ interest. One of the prominent areas of this research is the analysis of the efficiency of communication strategies used by politically oriented communities on the Internet. The results of such assessment contribute to, in particular, characterizing the level and features of the political engagement of Internet users into political processes. To study these processes, a telephone survey of residents of St. Petersburg was conducted. St. Petersburg was chosen because it is one of the largest cities in Russia with high Internet coverage and a high level of political activity compared to other regions. The results showed that politically oriented communities effectively implement primary communication strategies — information and presentation. More than two-thirds of politically active Internet users in St. Petersburg noted that visiting the relevant resources helped them to understand the political situation, to define their attitude toward parties, politicians, social movements and organizations. At the same time, the strategy of supporting political identification has not yet worked for the majority of users. Perhaps this is a consequence of the fact that the majority of St. Petersburg citizens have not yet found appropriate political leaders and organizations. The authors found that the majority of Internet users display an interest in politics permanently, and not only during the pre-election period. The hypothesis that one of the factors of an efficient strategy of politically oriented communities is emphasizing anti-power positions was confirmed. The survey results also confirmed the high level of opposition views among Internet users.

scholarly journals The Safe Standing movement in English football: Mobilizing across the political and discursive fields of contention

2021 ◽  
pp. 001139212110176
Author(s):  
Mark Turner
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Relational Sociology ◽  
Relational Networks ◽  
Football Fans ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Uk

Twenty-eight years after the Taylor Report into the Hillsborough disaster recommended that all football grounds in the top two divisions in England and Wales should become all-seated, the UK government, in 2018, announced a review into the safety of modern standing areas and whether developments in stadium safety might justify changing the all-seating legislation to permit Safe Standing. These events are the outcome of a 30-year social movement in which a critical mass of supporters, through the relational networks they formed, have built collective action. Drawing upon both archival and fieldwork research to analyse the longer-term impact which all-seated stadia have had on football supporters’ consumption of the game in England, the article uses relational sociology to tell the story of the movement, and studies the working tactics and structure of a small network mobilizing across the political and discursive fields of contention post-Hillsborough. It argues that whilst now a more effective movement with technological and political capital, Safe Standing continues to raise important questions around the historical views on football fans as somehow deviant and reinforces the long-term impact and legacy of Hillsborough on supporters’ modern cultural consumption of the game by moving within the parameters of the all-seating legislation.

scholarly journals AWARENESS OF YOUTH OF PRIMORSKY KRAI ON THE AMENDMENTS MADE TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (ON MATERIALS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.E NECHAY ◽  
◽  
N.A SITDIKOVA ◽  
M.A FALALEEV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article analyzed the level of awareness of the youth of Primorsky Krai about the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted by nationwide vote on July 1, 2020. The main research methods were sociological survey, systematization, structuring and analysis of sociological data. The data, obtained as a result of the survey, allowed the authors to determine the main channels of political communication between various political forces and the population under the age of 35, which were used to familiarize the population of this age group with the amendments submitted to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The article assessed the effectiveness of the selected channels and methods of political and informational influence on Russian youth. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the fact that it attempted a sociological study of the political awareness of the youth of Primorsky Krai in the context of the nationwide vote on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The results of the presented scientific work are of high applied importance due to the possibility of their application in studying mechanisms of regulating the political activity of young people. Furthermore, this research can be useful for specialists in political science and sociology.

The Political Legacy of Violence: The Long-Term Impact of Stalin’s Repression in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1147-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturas Rozenas ◽  
Sebastian Schutte ◽  
Yuri Zhukov
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Long Term Impact

Competitive Clientelism and the Political Economy of Mining in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Bebbington ◽  
Abdul-Gafaru Abdulai ◽  
Denise Humphreys Bebbington ◽  
Marja Hinfelaar ◽  
Cynthia A. Sanborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mineral Rents

This chapter highlights the centrality of clientelist political pressures in explaining why over 100 years of mineral resource extraction has failed to translate into broad-based development in Ghana. Contrary to studies that highlight the role of inclusive political settlements for the effective management of mineral rents, we find that broad-based elite inclusion also risks undermining the effective management of rents for long-term development in contexts where rents are deployed with the aim of ‘buying-off’ elites who can potentially undermine the stability of ruling coalitions. All ruling coalitions have allocated significant shares of mineral rents to chiefs not necessarily for the socio-economic development of mineral-rich communities, but mainly because political elites want to avoid provoking resistance from a group that brokers land and votes in rural areas. Under such circumstances, inclusive political settlements may at best result in unproductive peace, as substantial mineral resources are shared for consumption rather than development.

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