scholarly journals A CASE STUDY OF RADICALIZATION OF ISLAM IN PAKISTAN DURING AFGHAN JIHAD 1979-89

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masood Ahmed Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Suicide Bombings ◽  
The World

Back in August 1947, Pakistan emerged as sixth Muslim populated country on the map of the world with the claim to spread the peaceful message of Islam throughout the world but during cold war 1947-91, when the Americans and Russians intervened in the decaying politics of Afghanistan, Pakistan also came forward to help its Muslim neighbor to ward off the Russians. Thus, this period encouraged the Taliban to form their government in Afghanistan and helped the Americans to push the Russians out of their country but such a move radicalized Islam in Pakistan. The country drifted into extremism though it was already slightly extremist but during Afghan Jihad the ruling elite and Military also move in that direction. It was after that period, the country adopted the Taliban version of Islam which brought inequality in society, it was that version of Islam which created gender inequality, it was that version of Islam which brought an end to religious freedom, it was that version of Islam which brought an end to the practice of tolerance, forbearing and forgiving, it was that version of Islam which says that Islam spread through the use of sword/force, it was that version of Islam which gave an identity to militant organizations and yes it was that version of Islam which gave birth to the evil of suicide bombings. This article will portray the period during Afghan Jihad which radicalized Islam in Pakistan and analyzes the causes for its acceptance in Pakistan and then suggest solutions to de-radicalize the existing version.

Internationalizing African American Studies, Too

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Broeck
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
American Studies ◽  
African American Studies ◽  
The West ◽  
Liberation Movements ◽  
The Cold War

This essay simultaneously provides a case study of moments of cultural and political crossover between African American liberation movements and the West German public in the Cold War period, and it offers some parameters for how to read the current fraught moment. It argues for a re-centering of African American Studies in the recent scholarly push to internationalize American Studies. It is concerned on many levels with civil rights, going beyond national, ethnic, and religious borders, and it connects some of these struggles to past and current debates about (white) women’s rights and religious freedom.

Causes and Consequences of Third-Party Intervention in Disputes over History: Recognition of the Armenian Massacre as Genocide and Relations with Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Naosuke Mukoyama
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Third Party Intervention ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Armenian Population

Abstract In the post-Cold War international society, third-party intervention has become increasingly common across various spheres. What were previously assumed to be domestic or bilateral issues have become of great interest to foreign governments and international organizations. Disputes over history, whose intensification in many parts of the world is also a recent political phenomenon, are no exception. Regarding past atrocities by one country upon another, the “victim” side seeks recognition and redress from third parties, while the “perpetrator” side tries to prevent such interference. This paper investigates the causes of such intervention and the consequences of it for bilateral relations between the intervenor and the “perpetrator” country, using the conflict between Armenia and Turkey over the recognition of the 1915–1916 Armenian Massacre as genocide as a case study. The results reveal that countries with a Christian majority and a large Armenian population typically conduct such intervention, and that although third-party intervention affects bilateral relations negatively, the effect is only temporary.

scholarly journals How Fantasy Speaks to Adolescent Readers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-76
Author(s):  
Julie Smit
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Adolescent Readers ◽  
The World ◽  
Good And Evil

Many genres of fictional novels are considered groundbreaking for complex plots and psychologically interesting characters. Little attention has been focused on how fantasy can be groundbreaking. This exploratory case study centers on how the five-novel series Percy Jackson & the Olympians, and its five-part sequel The Heroes of Olympus, speaks to a reading community of eighth grade female adolescent readers. This study traces the development of social inquiries of gender inequality, heroism and imperfection, and good and evil from these readers’ interactions with characters and events in the world of Percy Jackson. 

scholarly journals Bobby Fischer in Socio-Cultural Perspective: Application of Hiller’s (2011) Multi-Layered Chronological Chart Methodology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ponterotto ◽  
Jason Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Study Application

This article presents a case study application of Hiller’s (2011) Multi - Layered Chronological Chart (MLCC) methodology to the life story of former World Chess Champion Bobby Fischer. Designed for use in qualitative biographical studies, the MLCC is adapted here for psychobiographical research. In 1972, Fischer became an American Cold War hero as he wrestled the World Chess Championship from a half century of Soviet domination. His rapid rise to world fame was followed by infamy as Fischer abandoned competitive chess, grew increasingly Anti - Semitic and Anti - American, became a fugitive from U.S. justice, and died in relative isolation in Reykjavik, Iceland. Fischer remains one of the more enigmatic personalities of the 20th century and many questions remain regarding his psychological health. The MLCC method is used to contextualize Fischer’s life in nine key topical domains across five developmental life stages. The value of the MLCC methodology to psychobiographical research is highlighted and suggestions for advancing this methodology are put forth.

scholarly journals Between Dialogue and Denunciation: The World Council of Churches, Religious Freedom, and Human Rights during the Cold War

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Bastiaan Bouwman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
World Council Of Churches ◽  
The World ◽  
Christian Fellowship ◽  
World Council ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Cold War

While the historiography on the religious Cold War has tended to focus on Christian anticommunism, the World Council of Churches (WCC) sought to transcend the Cold War while simultaneously advancing religious freedom in the Soviet Union. This article connects the WCC's ecclesiastical diplomacy to the wider story of human rights, from which religion has too often been excluded. The WCC's quest for Christian fellowship led it to integrate the Russian Orthodox Church into its membership, but this commitment generated tensions with the rise of Soviet dissidence. Moreover, the WCC's turn towards the left and the Third World contrasted with newly ascendant voices for human rights in the 1970s: Amnesty International's depoliticised liberalism, evangelical anticommunism, and the Vatican under John Paul II. Thus, the WCC, an early and prominent transnational voice for human rights, ran afoul of shifts in both the Cold War and the politics of protest.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK BIDAN SUPRIYATI SRIBIT BERBAH SLEMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.

Social Design for Services Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie SARANTOU ◽  
Satu MIETTINEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Social Design ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This paper addresses the fields of social and service design in development contexts, practice-based and constructive design research. A framework for social design for services will be explored through the survey of existing literature, specifically by drawing on eight doctoral theses that were produced by the World Design research group. The work of World Design researcher-designers was guided by a strong ethos of social and service design for development in marginalised communities. The paper also draws on a case study in Namibia and South Africa titled ‘My Dream World’. This case study presents a good example of how the social design for services framework functions in practice during experimentation and research in the field. The social design for services framework transfers the World Design group’s research results into practical action, providing a tool for the facilitation of design and research processes for sustainable development in marginal contexts.

New walls to keep the bad out: populism and the totalitarian psyche

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Coline Covington
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Psychological Understanding ◽  
Psychic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cold War

The Berlin Wall came down on 9 November 1989 and marked the end of the Cold War. As old antagonisms thawed a new landscape emerged of unification and tolerance. Censorship was no longer the principal means of ensuring group solidarity. The crumbling bricks brought not only freedom of movement but freedom of thought. Now, nearly thirty years later, globalisation has created a new balance of power, disrupting borders and economies across the world. The groups that thought they were in power no longer have much of a say and are anxious about their future. As protest grows, we are beginning to see that the old antagonisms have not disappeared but are, in fact, resurfacing. This article will start by looking at the dissembling of a marriage in which the wall that had peacefully maintained coexistence disintegrates and leads to a psychic development that uncannily mirrors that of populism today. The individual vignette leads to a broader psychological understanding of the totalitarian dynamic that underlies populism and threatens once again to imprison us within its walls.

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