scholarly journals INDICATORS OF ACUTE TOXICITY OF A VETERINARY PREPARATION “GAMITROVET” AND ITS THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY FOR RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CALFS, PIGS AND LAMBS

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
V.V. Petrov ◽  
M.S. Matsinovich ◽  
A.A. Belko ◽  
A.A. Matsinovich ◽  
E.V. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Single Oral Administration

Determination was carried out of indicators of acute toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of a veterinary drug “Gamitrovet”, containing gamithromycin as AAS, for respiratory diseases in calves, lambs and piglets. Indicators of acute toxicity were defined, and LD50 for a veterinary drug “Gamitrovet” was calculated, which after a single subcutaneous injection to white laboratory mice made 3757.5 mg / kg, and after a single oral administration to white laboratory mice made 04376.25 mg / kg. A veterinary drug “Gamitrovet” is an effective means in treatment of cattle, pigs and sheep with respiratory diseases, and allows achieving therapeutic efficacy in the range of 90 – 100%.

scholarly journals Study of acute toxicity of the drug «Kolidev 8M» with a single intragastric injection in laboratory animals

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Roman Sachuk ◽  
Yaroslav Stravskyy ◽  
Bogdan Gutyj ◽  
Tetiana Velesyk ◽  
Orest Katsaraba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Class Iv

«Kolidev 8M» (powder for oral use) is a veterinary drug used to treat ornamental birds (pheasants, peacocks) in diseases of the digestive tract caused by microorganisms sensitive to colistin. In the study of the drug «Kolidev 8M» for oral administration, along with the confirmation of therapeutic properties, it is necessary to determine the LD50 obtained in the process of studying acute toxicity. The aim of research. The aim of research was to determine the acute toxicity of the veterinary drug «Kolidev 8M» (powder for oral administration) under the conditions of intragastric administration to white mice. Materials and methods of research. To achieve this aim, an experiment was conducted on 114 males of nonlinear white mice kept under optimal conditions in the vivarium of DEVIE LLC (Rivne, Ukraine). In the first series of experiments on the principle of analogues was formed control and three experimental groups of 6 animals each (n=6). The drug in the form of a solution was administered once orally using a esophageal gastric tube in doses of 500,0; 2000,0 and 4000,0 mg/kg body weight by absolute weight of the drug. The animals of the control group were injected with distilled water. After taking into account the results of the first experiment in the next experiment, 6 experimental groups were formed – mice, which were administered the drug «Kolidev 8M» in the form of a solution in doses (by absolute weight of the drug) – 500,0; 1000,0; 1500,0; 2000.0; 2500,0; 3000,0; 3500 and 4000,0 mg/kg body weight, as well as the control group – animals that were injected with distilled water with a volume of 0.5 cm3 according to similar regulations (Zapadniuk, 1983; Kotsiumbas, 2005; Karkyshchenko & Hrachev, 2010). There were 6 animals in each group (n=6). After their death, a pathological autopsy was performed (Zharov A. et al., 2003). The average lethal dose of LD50 was calculated by the method of probit analysis by Prozorovsky V.B. Research results. According to the results of research, it was found that the LD50 of the drug «Kolidev 8M» (powder for oral administration) under the conditions of its single intragastric administration to male mice is 2024,72±232,45 mg/kg, LD10 – 392,87 mg/kg, LD16 – 751,56 mg/kg, LD84 – 3297,88 mg/kg, LD90 – 3656,57 mg/kg, LD100 – 3934,47 mg/kg body weight, respectively. According to the results of an acute toxicological experiment with intragastric administration of the drug «Kolidev 8M» to white male mice, LD50 was 2024,72±232,45 mg/kg body weight. This allows, according to toxicity, to refer this drug to class IV – low-toxic substances (LD50 501,0-5000,0 mg/kg body weight), and the degree of danger to class III – moderately safe substances (LD50 151,0-5000,0 mg/kg body weight). Conclusions and prospects for further research. The drug «Kolidev 8M» in terms of toxicity belongs to class IV – low-toxic substances, and the degree of danger to class III – moderately safe substances. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration trials aimed at studying the subacute toxicity of the drug «Kolidev 8M»

scholarly journals Toxicopathological Evaluation of Hydroethanol Extract ofDianthus basuticusin Wistar Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anofi Omotayo Tom Ashafa ◽  
Mutiu Idowu Kazeem
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Toxicity Profile ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Background. Dianthus basuticusis a commonly used medicinal plant in Basotho traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes, but there is no report on its safety or toxicity. Therefore, we evaluated the toxicity profile of the hydroethanol whole plant extract ofDianthus basuticusin Wistar rats.Methods.Acute toxicity test was performed with single oral administration of 100–3200 mg/kg body weight ofD. basuticusextract to rats and the animals were observed for 14 days for signs of toxicity. The subacute toxicity experiment was conducted by oral administration of graded doses (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) ofD. basuticusextract daily for 28 days. Behavioural changes as well as haematological, biochemical, and histological parameters were then evaluated.Results.There was no observable sign of toxicity in the acute toxicity test. There were significant decreases (P<0.05) in the feed and water intake as well as total cholesterol and triglycerides of theD. basuticusextract-treated rats in subacute toxicity study. There were no treatment related differences in the haematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations.Conclusions.Administration of hydroethanol extract ofD. basuticusmay be safe at the dosages tested in this study but its continuous usage can cause anorexia.

scholarly journals Determination of toxicological characteristics of a complex antiemeric drug based on maduramycin and nicarbazine

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Roman Dotsenko ◽  
Yevheniia Vashchyk ◽  
Andriy Zakhariev ◽  
Andrii Zemlianskyi ◽  
Ekaterina Dotsenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Single Oral Administration

The aim: to determine the parameters of acute toxicity of the preparative form of an antiemeric agent based on maduramycin and nicarbazine for white mice, white rats and guinea pigs with a single oral administration. Materials and methods. Determination of acute toxicity of the formulation by oral administration was performed on 48 adult male mice, 48 adult nonlinear male rats, 48 adult male guinea pigs. To conduct an experiment on the principle analogues were formed seven experimental and one control group, 6 animal each. The dose of the formulation was calculated individually based on body weight values. It should be noted that the total volume of the emulsion of the formulation administered orally is not exceeded 1.0 cm3per 100 gram b. w. Results. Toxicometric parameters of the formulation were calculated by the method of least squares for probit analysis of mortality curves. It was found that the LD50 of the preparative form of antiemeric agent for white mice for a single oral administration is 238.05±28.08 mg/kg, LD16 – 128.71 mg/kg, LD84 – 347.39 mg/kg, LD100 - 402, 06 mg/kg body weight, respectively. LD50 of the preparative form of antiemeric agent for white rats with a single oral administration is 260.51±28.83 mg/kg, LD16 – 148.39 mg/kg, LD84 – 372.65 mg/kg, LD100 – 428.71 mg/kg body weight, respectively. LD50 of the preparative form of antiemeric agent for guinea pigs for a single oral administration is 275±21.12 mg/kg, LD16 – 201.74 mg/kg, LD84 – 348.25 mg/kg, LD100 – 384.88 mg/kg body weight body respectively. Conclusions. According to SOU 85.2-37-736: 2011 "Veterinary drugs. Determination of acute toxicity” preparative form of a complex antiemeric agent based on maduramycin and nicarbazine on the degree of toxicity can be attributed to moderately dangerous substances (3rd hazard class)

scholarly journals Veterinary drug Trametin obtained on the basis of Trametes pubescens xylotroph fungi: its effect on the biosynthesis of interferons and its prophylactic activity against calf respiratory diseases

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
V. A. Chkhenkeli
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Prophylactic Efficacy ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Maximum Content ◽  
Γ Interferon ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Given the spread of bacterial and viral diseases in young farm animals, the use of interferons and drugs to stimulate their biosynthesis has gained relevance. In a previous study, we examined the effect of a veterinary drug Trametin produced on the basis of Trametes pubescens (Shumach.: Fr.) Pilat. on the biosynthesis of interferons in the blood of mice. The present work is aimed at studying the biosynthesis dynamics of α- and γ-interferons when using Trametin and studying its prophylactic activity in calves. It is shown that a single oral administration of Trametin in doses ranging from 15 to 60 mg/kg causes a dose-dependent induction and production of γ-interferon in the blood of mice, whose maximum content reaches 1337.0±93.0 pg/mL at 48 h after administering a dose of 30 mg/kg. With a Trametin dose increase from 15 to 30 mg/kg, the level of α-interferon production rises to 1388.0±84.0 pg/mL at 48 h after administration. At a Cycloferon dose of 4.5 mg/kg, the production level of α-interferon and γ-interferon amounts to 1455.47±84.2 and 1447.0±90.0 pg/mL, respectively. The immunostimulatory properties of Trametin are confirmed by a scientific and economic experiment conducted using immunocompromised calves. In our studies, an immunological test of calf blood performed prior to and following the administration of Trimetin and Cycloferon constitutes criteria for the prophylactic activity of these drugs. The prophylactic efficacy of Trametin is confirmed by an increase in phagocytic activity by 10.5%, phagocytic index by 61.8%, and phagocytic number by 52.8%. After Trametin administration, the bactericidal activity of the serum increases by 60%. Cycloferon exhibits a similar immunostimulatory effect. Nonspecific prophylaxis using Trametin is shown to reduce the incidence of bacterial and viral respiratory diseases in young calves and generally improve their immunity.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Efficacy of Oral Administration of Fosfomycin on Experimentally Induced Edwardsiellosis in Japanese Flounder

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Takano ◽  
Yoshitsugu Mizuno ◽  
Yutaka Fukuda ◽  
Tomomasa Matsuyama ◽  
Takamits Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Japanese Flounder ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Josamycin concentrations in radicular cysts following a single oral administration

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Akimoto ◽  
Yoshiko Mochizuki ◽  
Akio Uda ◽  
Hiroaki Omata ◽  
Sumio Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Single Oral Administration

scholarly journals Administration route governs the therapeutic efficacy, biodistribution and macrophage targeting of anti-inflammatory nanoparticles in the lung

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
Yafei Rao ◽  
Xiali Liu ◽  
Liya Sun ◽  
Jiameng Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Administration Route ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Administration Routes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Uncontrolled inflammation is a central problem for many respiratory diseases. The development of potent, targeted anti-inflammatory therapies to reduce lung inflammation and re-establish the homeostasis in the respiratory tract is still a challenge. Previously, we developed a unique anti-inflammatory nanodrug, P12 (made of hexapeptides and gold nanoparticles), which can attenuate Toll-like receptor-mediated inflammatory responses in macrophages. However, the effect of the administration route on its therapeutic efficacy and tissue distribution remained to be defined. Results In this study, we systematically compared the effects of three different administration routes [the intratracheal (i.t.), intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.)] on the therapeutic activity, biodistribution and pulmonary cell targeting features of P12. Using the LPS-induced ALI mouse model, we found that the local administration route via i.t. instillation was superior in reducing lung inflammation than the other two routes even treated with a lower concentration of P12. Further studies on nanoparticle biodistribution showed that the i.t. administration led to more accumulation of P12 in the lungs but less in the liver and other organs; however, the i.v. and i.p. administration resulted in more nanoparticle accumulation in the liver and lymph nodes, respectively, but less in the lungs. Such a lung favorable distribution was also determined by the unique surface chemistry of P12. Furthermore, the inflammatory condition in the lung could decrease the accumulation of nanoparticles in the lung and liver, while increasing their distribution in the spleen and heart. Interestingly, the i.t. administration route helped the nanoparticles specifically target the lung macrophages, whereas the other two administration routes did not. Conclusion The i.t. administration is better for treating ALI using nanodevices as it enhances the bioavailability and efficacy of the nanodrugs in the target cells of the lung and reduces the potential systematic side effects.

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