scholarly journals EFFECT OF RADIOTHERAPY ON RENAL FUNCTION IN CERVICAL CANCER PATIENTS TREATED AT A COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTRE IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
S. A. Otene ◽  
M. A. Usman
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Cervical cancer (CC) has been identified as a leading cause of cancer-related death of women in Nigeria. Unfortunately, treatment for CC induces renal function injury due to nephrotoxicity of commonly used cytotoxic medications and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine whether radiotherapy consistently impairs the renal function of cervical cancer patients after treatment as claimed by literature. The study was an ex post facto research, for retrospective evaluation of documented information on 220 cervical cancer patients treated in the Department of Radiotherapy, Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, Nigeria. The study covered a six-year period from January, 2010 to December, 2015. Data were obtained from the patients’ case notes using a semi-structured data extraction form. Independent t-test and chi-square statistics were used to obtain and interpret results from the analysis of the data. The study hypothesis one states that there would be both positive and negative effects of radiotherapy on the renal function of patients with cervical cancer. But no significant difference was found regarding the effect of radiotherapy on renal function of the patients with cervical cancer at χ2 (1, N=220) = .284, P = 288. Hypothesis two states that there was no statistically significant difference in the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) of the patients, measured before and after treatment (t (219) = -0.66, P> 0.5). Extrapolating from the study results revealed that radiotherapy does not only cause renal function impairment, but also enhances renal function among patients with cervical cancer. The study however recommends that there should be a constant monitoring of the GFR for every patient with cervical cancer underdoing radiotherapy.

Differences in practice and preferences associated with truth-telling to cancer patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 096973302094575
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiaodong Jiao ◽  
Jingting Wang ◽  
Xuchun Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Doctors should disclose the diagnosis to patients according to the principle of autonomy. However, not disclosing the diagnosis and prognosis to cancer patients remains common in mainland China. Objective: The study explored the experiences and attitudes of patients with cancer, family members, and the medical staff in truth-telling. Research design: A quantitative survey with three closed-ended questionnaires was conducted. Participants: In all, 137 patients with cancer, 134 family members caring for cancer cases, and 54 medical staff were surveyed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize all characteristics, and the chi-square test was performed to analyze group differences in attitudes toward cancer disclosure. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Committee on Ethics of Biomedicine Research, at the Second Military Medical University (HJEC-2018-YF-001). Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to study commencement. Findings: A total of 59.8% of patients were informed about their diagnosis within 1 week, and 19.7% inferred theirs. The medical staff preferred to prioritize family members in informing about patient diagnosis while 77.4% of patients preferred to be told the whole truth at the time of initial diagnosis. More patients than family members and medical staff wanted the patients to be informed about the diagnosis ( p < 0.001). A significant difference was found between the patients and family members regarding who should tell the patients. Discussion: The willingness of patients in knowing the truth was underestimated by their family members as well as the medical staff. Guessing the truth indirectly may exert negative effects on the patients, and not telling the truth is inappropriate in patients who want to be informed. Conclusion: Disclosure of a cancer diagnosis is a complex process involving medical practice, as well as a range of cultural, ethical, and legal factors. The medical staff should first assess each patient’s willingness in truth-telling and inform about disease diagnosis with respect. Emotional support and comfort from family members are encouraged. Anyone in the patient’s care team, especially nurses, could be integrated in the process of truth-telling.

Fas gene promoter –670 polymorphism in gynecological cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ueda ◽  
Y. Terai ◽  
K. Kanda ◽  
M. Kanemura ◽  
M. Takehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Germ Line Polymorphism

Single-nucleotide polymorphism at −670 of Fas gene promoter (A/G) was examined in a total of 354 blood samples from normal healthy women and gynecological cancer patients. They consisted of 95 normal, 83 cervical, 108 endometrial, and 68 ovarian cancer cases. Eighty-three patients with cervical cancer had statistically higher frequency of GG genotype and G allele than 95 controls (P= 0.0353 and 0.0278, respectively). There was no significant difference in the genotype or allele prevalence between control subjects and endometrial or ovarian cancer patients. The Fas −670 GG genotype was associated with an increased risk for the development of cervical cancer (OR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.08–6.10) compared with the AA genotype. The G allele also increased the risk of cervical cancer (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.05–2.43) compared with the A allele. Germ-line polymorphism of Fas gene promoter −670 may be associated with the risk of cervical cancer in a Japanese population.

scholarly journals Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy combined with intracavitary brachytherapy achieved the equivalent survival compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 714-718
Author(s):  
Hao Yu ◽  
Linlin Zhang ◽  
Dapeng Li ◽  
Naifu Liu ◽  
Yueju Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Intracavitary Brachytherapy ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grade Iii

Abstract Objectives The current study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) combined with intracavitary brachytherapy (ICRT) in cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk. Methods We analyzed the medical records of 558 patients who were submitted to radical surgery for Stage IB-IIA cervical cancer. A total of 172 of those 558 patients were considered intermediate-risk according to the GOG criteria. Among those 172 patients, 102 were subjected to CT combined with ICRT (CT+ICRT) and the remaining 70 patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). The 3-year disease free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and complications of each group were evaluated and analyzed. Results No significant difference was observed in 3-year DFS or OS of the patients submitted to CT+ICRT and CCRT. Importantly, the frequencies of grade III to IV acute complications were significantly higher in patients submitted to CCRT than in those treated with CT+ICRT (Hematologic, P = 0.016; Gastrointestinal, P = 0.041; Genitourinary, P = 0.019). Moreover, the frequencies of grade III–IV late complications in patients treated with CCRT were significantly higher compared with CT+ICRT-treated patients (Gastrointestinal, P = 0.026; Genitourinary, P = 0.026; Lower extremity edema, P = 0.008). Conclusions Postoperative adjuvant CT+ICRT treatment achieved equivalent 3-year DFS and OS but low complication rate compared to CCRT treatment in early stage cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk.

scholarly journals Para-Aortic Nodal Radiation in the Definitive Management of Node-Positive Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Sanders ◽  
Donald A. Muller ◽  
Sunil W. Dutta ◽  
Taylor J. Corriher ◽  
Kari L. Ring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Node Positive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Severe Grade

ObjectivesTo investigate the safety and outcomes of elective para-aortic (PA) nodal irradiation utilizing modern treatment techniques for patients with node positive cervical cancer.MethodsPatients with pelvic lymph node positive cervical cancer who received radiation were included. All patients received radiation therapy (RT) to either a traditional pelvic field or an extended field to electively cover the PA nodes. Factors associated with survival were identified using a Cox proportional hazards model, and toxicities between groups were compared with a chi-square test.Results96 patients were identified with a mean follow up of 40 months. The incidence of acute grade ≥ 2 toxicity was 31% in the elective PA nodal RT group and 15% in the pelvic field group (Chi-square p = 0.067. There was no significant difference in rates of grade ≥ 3 acute or late toxicities between the two groups (p&gt;0.05). The KM estimated 5-year OS was not statistically different for those receiving elective PA nodal irradiation compared to a pelvic only field, 54% vs. 73% respectively (log-rank p = 0.11).ConclusionsElective PA nodal RT can safely be delivered utilizing modern planning techniques without a significant increase in severe (grade ≥ 3) acute or late toxicities, at the cost of a possible small increase in non-severe (grade 2) acute toxicities. In this series there was no survival benefit observed with the receipt of elective PA nodal RT, however, this benefit may have been obscured by the higher risk features of this population. While prospective randomized trials utilizing a risk adapted approach to elective PA nodal coverage are the only way to fully evaluate the benefit of elective PA nodal coverage, these trials are unlikely to be performed and instead we must rely on interpretation of results of risk adapted approaches like those used in ongoing clinical trials and retrospective data.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1030-1036
Author(s):  
Galih Aktama ◽  
Henky Agung Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad David Perdana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and  there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients  aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

1065 A Bout of Sleep Apnea or a Posttrauma Nightmare Occurrence?

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A405-A406
Author(s):  
W A Youngren ◽  
K Miller
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Respiratory Events ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction The enigmatic nature of Posttrauma Nightmares (PTNs) has left research without an agreed upon operational definition. This is partially due to PTNs often containing well remembered content that is similar to the triggering trauma, but also manifesting as severe nighttime awakenings without a concise or remembered dream narrative. Given that recent research has linked episodes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) to PTNs, this study aimed to examine if OSA could explain why some distressed awakenings occur without memory of nightmare content. Methods Participants included 36 trauma survivors who reported experiencing PTNs, recruited from a clinical referral or at a Veterans Affairs Hospital. Presence of OSA was captured from self-reports of previous polysomnography-based sleep study results. PTNs were measured via a self-report measure that assessed past month nightmare frequency and if the content was remembered upon awakening. Analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results Out of the group with a reported diagnosis of OSA (N = 8), 75% (n = 6) reported they did not remember the content of their nightmares upon awakening, whereas out of the group without a reported OSA diagnosis (N = 28), only 4% of participants (n = 1) reported not remembering the content of their nightmares. There was a significant difference between OSA diagnosis and remembering nightmare content (X2 = 57.83, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Individuals with diagnosed OSA commonly experienced nightmares that were often not remembered upon awakening, while the group without OSA most often remembered the content of their nightmares. Due to this relationship, it is possible that some PTNs experienced by the OSA group may instead be misinterpreted respiratory events. Understanding the relationship between OSA and PTNs is crucial for developing the most effective treatment course. Support None.

Self-Reported Sexual, Bowel and Bladder Function in Cervical Cancer Patients Following Different Treatment Modalities: Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1717-1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quirine D. Pieterse ◽  
Gemma G. Kenter ◽  
Cornelis P. Maas ◽  
Cor D. de Kroon ◽  
Carien L. Creutzberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Sexual Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Stage Cervical Cancer

ObjectiveConventional radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy (RHL) for early-stage cervical cancer is associated with significant bladder, anorectal, and sexual dysfunction. Nerve-sparing modification of RHL (NS-RHL) has been developed with the aim to reduce surgical treatment-related morbidity. Postoperative radiation therapy (RT) is offered to patients with unfavorable prognostic features to improve local control. The aim of the study was to assess self-reported morbidity of various types of treatment in cervical cancer patients.MethodsSelf-reported symptoms were prospectively assessed before and 1 and 2 years after treatment by the Dutch Gynaecologic Leiden Questionnaire.ResultsIncluded were 229 women (123 NS-RHL and 106 conventional RHL). Ninety-four (41%) received RT. Up to 2 years (response rate, 81%), women reported significantly more bowel, bladder, and sexual symptoms compared with the pretreatment situation. No significant difference was found between the conventional RHL and NS-RHL with the exception of the unexpected finding that a smaller percentage in the NS-RHL group (34% vs 68%) complained about numbness of the labia and/ or thigh. Radiation therapy had a negative impact on diarrhea, urine incontinence, lymphedema, and sexual symptoms (especially a narrow/short vagina).ConclusionsIn the current longitudinal cohort study, treatment for early-stage cervical cancer was associated with worse subjective bladder, anorectal, and sexual functioning, irrespective of the surgical procedure used. Postoperative RT resulted in a significant deterioration of these functions. The results have to be interpreted with caution in view of the study design and method used.

scholarly journals The addition of omeprazole to ondansetron for treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Perjuangan Dapot Hamonangan Simbolon ◽  
Selvi Nafianti ◽  
Pertin Sianturi ◽  
Bidasari Lubis ◽  
Aznan Lelo
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pediatric Cancer Patients

Background Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are some of the most disturbing side effects in pediatric cancer patients. The standard recommendation is the use of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist, such as ondansetron, to treat these symptoms. Despite this treatment, more than 50% of patients still experience nausea and vomiting.Objective To evaluate the effect of the addition of omeprazole to ondansetron in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.Methods A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, from March to May 2016. Subjects were children aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with cancer, and who received intravenous chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to receive either a single dose of ondansetron (0.5 mg/kg) plus placebo or ondansetron (0.5 mg/kg) plus omeprazole (0.5 mg/kg). The severity of nausea and vomiting were measured using the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting, and retching during the 24 hours after initiation of emetogenic chemotherapy. The primary outcome of efficacy was the proportion of patients who achieved complete response (lack of nausea/vomiting). Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests.Results Seventy eligible pediatric patients were randomized into two groups: 32 subjects in the ondansetron + placebo group and 38 others in the ondansetron + omeprazole group. The therapy failed in 50% (16/32) of the ondansetron + placebo group and 18.4% (7/38) of the ondansetron + omeprazole group. There was a significant difference in the clinical response between groups (P=0.01).Conclusion The addition of omeprazole to ondansetron for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is more effective than administration of ondansetron alone.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-946
Author(s):  
Galih Aktama ◽  
Hengky Agung Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad David Perdana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and  there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients  aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Reduce Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Hospitalized Patients with Congestive Heart Failure in Central Java

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Dian Hudiyawati ◽  
Ajie Maulana Prakoso
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Psychological problems in patients with heart failure are the result of a combination of the influence of behavior and interactions with physiological responses, which if not handled properly will contribute to worsening clinical symptoms and have a higher risk of rehospitalization. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) on psychological symptoms among CHF patients.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest control study that applying a CBT to overcome depression, anxiety, and stress. Thirty eligible respondents were recruited and were randomly divided into a case group and waiting list group. Psychological symptoms of respondents were measured using Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 questionnaires (DASS-21). Chi-square was used to compare demographic data between groups and T-test analysis was used to describe changes in mean scores between and within groups. Both groups had similar characteristics and psychological symptoms level at baseline.Results: The mean score of depression, anxiety and stress showed a significant difference within the group after the intervention (p<0.05).Conclusion: A recent study found that CBT was effective to reduce psychological symptoms among CHF patients. Based on the study results it can be highlighted that it is important for nurses to provide brief CBT to hospitalized patients in an effort to reduce short term psychological symptoms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document