Substantiation of the method of primary processing of Japanese kelp for food production

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Наталья Валерьевна Дементьева ◽  
Татьяна Марьяновна Бойцова ◽  
Наталья Викторовна Соколова ◽  
Полина Николаевна Круговая ◽  
Гордей Павлович Шепелев ◽  
...  

Химический состав и свойства морских водорослей позволяют с успехом применять их для профилактических и лечебных целей, для приготовления различных пищевых продуктов. В Японском море найдено более 310 представителей зеленых, бурых и красных водорослей. Из бурых водорослей преобладают многочисленные виды ламинариевых (Laminariaceae), наиболее ценной в промысловом отношении является ламинария японская (Laminaria japonica). Первичная обработка свежих водорослей предусматривает их тщательную мойку и вымачивание, но и после этого ее ткани содержат все еще высокие концентрации минеральных веществ, не позволяющие ее дальнейшее использование без дополнительной обработки. Поэтому при обработке ламинарии предусматривают ее варку, которая позволяет улучшить вкус, запах, цвет и консистенцию, а также повысить усвояемость водоросли организмом. Однако при варке в отвар переходит значительное количество водорастворимых солей и органических веществ. Поэтому выбор правильных режимов первичной обработки водорослей, при которых происходят минимальные потери физиологически ценных компонентов и обеспечиваются высокие органолептические показатели, будет способствовать производству широкого ассортимента пищевой продукции на их основе. Целью научно-исследовательской работы является обоснование способа первичной обработки ламинарии для производства пищевой продукции. Предложен способ обработки ламинарии, включающий в себя предварительную выдержку ламинарии в воде при температуре 10…15 °С в соотношении ламинария:вода - 1:2 в течение 20 мин и двукратную варку при температуре 40…50 °С при соотношении ламинария:вода 1:2 в течение 15-20 мин. Установлено, что внесение органических кислот на первом этапе варки способствует улучшению органолептических показателей водорослей. Исчезают специфические вкус и аромат водорослей, консистенция становится менее жесткой. Определены концентрации органических кислот в составе варочных вод: уксусной кислоты 1-3 %, лимонной кислоты 1-2 %. Полученный полуфабрикат при обработке ламинарии предложенным способом можно использовать при производстве разных видов пищевой продукции (сушеной, кулинарии, пресервов и др.). The chemical composition and properties of seaweed make it possible to successfully use them for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes, for the preparation of various food products. More than 310 representatives of green, brown and red algae have been found in the Sea of Japan. Numerous species of kelp (Laminariceae) prevail among brown algae, the most valuable commercially is Japanese kelp (Laminaria japonica). The primary processing of fresh algae involves their thorough washing and soaking, but even after that, its tissues still contain high concentrations of minerals, which do not allow its further use without additional processing. Therefore, when processing kelp, boil it is provided, which allows you to improve the taste, smell, color and consistency, as well as increase the digestibility of the algae by the body. However, during cooking, a significant amount of water-soluble salts and organic matter passes into the broth. Therefore, the choice of the correct modes of primary processing of algae, in which minimal losses of physiologically valuable components occur and high organoleptic characteristics are provided, will contribute to the production of a wide range of food products based on them. The purpose of the research work is to substantiate the method of primary processing of kelp for the production of food products. A method for processing kelp is proposed, which includes preliminary exposure of kelp in water at a temperature of 10…15 °C in a kelp: water ratio of 1:2 for 20 minutes and double cooking at a temperature of 40…50 °C at a kelp: water ratio of 1:2 within 15-20 minutes. It was found that the introduction of organic acids at the first stage of cooking contributes to the improvement of the organoleptic characteristics of algae. The specific taste and aroma of algae disappears, the consistency becomes less rigid. The concentration of organic acids in the composition of the cooking water has been determined: acetic acid 1-3 %; citric acid 1-2 %. The resulting semi-finished product when processing kelp by the proposed method can be used in the production of various types of food products (dried, cookery, preserves, etc.).

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Maria Oliinyk ◽  
Nadya Dzyuba ◽  
Victoria Stepanova

Background. An important problem of modern society is to provide the population with food products that guarantee a higher standard of living and health. The field of HoReCa (hotel and restaurant business) does not sell enough healthy food products, therefore it is important to develop health-promoting food products. Among the wide range of food products, whipped dessert products are in great demand among consumers. The work is devoted to the development of formulation for aerated desserts, namely mousses of protective action, which have pronounced ergogenic properties that can increase efficiency, accelerate recovery, protect the body from stress. When developing the composition of mousses, we paid considerable attention to the study of the nutrient composition of the raw material, its changes during the technological processes of product development. The devepoled mousse formula includes the food additive collagen hydrolyzate the functional property of which is the renewal of intra-articular fluid and the construction of cartilage. Also, the collagen hydrolyzate promotes collagen production and can also be used to prevent the development of degenerative conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Objective. We aimed to design formulations for the production of protective mousses with the optimal ratio of basic nutrients and by supplementation with an additional component – collagen hydrolyzate – to increase the nutritional and biological value of finished products, as well as to expand the range of health food products, in particular aerated desserts. Methods. We optimized the mousses formulation taking into account the recommendations for the daily human need for the main macronutrients using mathematical modeling employing MS Excel. The qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota during storage were analysed in accordance with DSTU 4503:2005 "Cheese products. General technical conditions". The organoleptic evaluation was performed using the sensory method on indicators according to DSTU 3718:2007 "Food concentrates. Sweet dishes, jellies, mousses, puddings, milk concentrates. General technical conditions". High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the micronutrient content. Results. We analysed such indicators of mousses as amino acid score and macronutrient content. The study of the amino acid composition showed that the consumption of 100 g of mousses "Cream-cheese" and "Strawberry" satisfies the daily human need in valine by 12.97% and 5.93% respectively. The developed products have a high content of all essential for the human body micronutrients, namely sulfur, calcium, phosphorus and potassium. We found that the shelf-life of mousses is 5 days at the temperature of 5 ± 1 °C in a glass container. Such microorganisms as bacteria of the Escherichia coli group, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. were not detected during the entire shelf-life, that meets the requirements of regulatory documents and indicates the sanitary cleanliness and safety of the products. We have experimentally established the rational amount of collagen hydrolyzate food additive that is 3% by weight of the prescription composition of the product. Conclusions. We developed the mousse formulations comprised the supplement of a food additive of collagen hydrolyzate, which made it possible to obtain products balanced in biological value and with improved consumer properties, taking into account the norms for a person's daily need for basic macronutrients. We obtained products of high consumer quality and biological value by supplementation the recipe composition with a collagen hydrolyzate.


Food systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
A. S. Knyazeva ◽  
D. A. Utyanov ◽  
A. V. Kulikovskii ◽  
A. A. Kurzova

Food products undergo a wide range of chemical changes during their processing and storage. As a result of such reactions, both new chemical compounds and optical isomerization of compounds already present in the composition can be formed. The second case concerns the formation of D-enantiomers of amino acids from their L-forms. D-forms of amino acids not only have no biological value for the body, but also often have a negative effect on the human body due to the impossibility of metabolizing them and, as a consequence, their accumulation in the body. The aim of the work was to study the quantitative content of D-isomers of amino acids in milk that passed the ultra-pasteurization process and dairy products based on bacterial starter culture. The research results showed that in both cases of the considered technological methods, amino acid isomerization occurs. The highest degree of isomerization was observed in kefir samples relative to other samples. However, from the results obtained, it is not possible to estimate which amino acid is most susceptible to the racemization process, since different samples contained different D-isomers of amino acids. The smallest amount of D-isomers is found in milk that has not undergone any industrial processing. Studies have shown that technological processing of milk inevitably leads to the formation of D-isomers of amino acids, and this, in turn, at least reduces the nutritional and biological value of the product, which makes it necessary to conduct deeper studies in this direction to establish the most important factors in the process of racemization of amino acids in food products.


Author(s):  
RAJNI DEVI ◽  
SHWETA AGARWAL

This review is generally focussed on lipid-based excipients in solid oral formulations which increase its bioavailability. Several approaches have been used to deliver the drug efficiently in the body, and lipid excipients are one of the promising drug delivery systems which address challenges like solubility and bioavailability of water-soluble drugs. Lipids excipients can be tailored to meet a wide range of product requirements like disease indication, route of administration, stability, toxicity, and efficacy. This review discusses novel lipids like Compritol 888 ATO, Dynasan 114, and Precirol ATO 5 and how these can be employed for devicing efficient drug delivery models and thereby have used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.


Open Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voja Pavlovic ◽  
M. Sarac

AbstractVitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential water-soluble nutrient that primarily exerts its effect on a host defense mechanisms and immune homeostasis and is the most important physiological antioxidant. Stable intake of vitamin C is essential for life in humans because the body does not synthesize it. Even the numerous studies have demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation stimulates the immune system, prevents DNA damage and significantly decreases the risk of a wide range of pathologies; the potential protective mechanisms are still largely unknown. This review summarizes the recently known facts about the role of vitamin C on the selected cells of the immune system and potential molecular mechanisms involved. Further, in this review, many new data about the positive effects of vitamin C on the immune system, potential toxicological effects, vitamin C supplementation in disease development, as well as some proposed mechanisms of vitamin C activity, are discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
A. I. Andriyanov ◽  
E. V. Kravchenko ◽  
S. G. Kuz’min ◽  
L. P. Lazarenko ◽  
O. G. Korosteleva ◽  
...  

At present time, the compliance of energy costs and the chemical composition of foods in the daily diet with physiological needs of the body gains a particular relevance. Particular attention is paid to the use of functional food products - special products intended for systematic use by all age groups of a healthy population. Functional nutrition compensates for the deficiency of essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), vitamins, macro- and microelements, etc., as well as protects the body from the effects of pesticides and herbicides, antibiotics, dyes and preservatives, widely used in conventional products, and is used to strengthen health and prevent diseases caused by deficiencies in traditional nutrition. Such diseases include: obesity, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, mental depression and others. In some professional groups, for example, in military athletes, the use of functional foods has been practiced for a long time. Currently, a fairly wide range of this group of products has been developed and is being produced. When developing a functional product, environmentally friendly raw materials of animal and vegetable origin, biologically active additives that improve functional and consumer qualities should be used. The high content of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins and other necessary biologically active substances, as well as good organoleptic characteristics and high consumer properties justify the feasibility of including functional products in the diet of military personnel, whose professional activity is characterized by high physical activity, requiring maximum use of functional resources organism. At the same time, military personnel are capable of completing official tasks at the limit of their physical capabilities, while maintaining relatively constant biochemical constants of the internal environment of the body. The information presented in the paper will be useful to the logistics and medical service specialists of the Russian Army and Navy and will serve as the basis for further development of the direction for the use of functional products for feeding military personnel.


2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
I. E. Gorlov ◽  
S. E. Bozhkova ◽  
A. R. Nichiporova ◽  
Y. D. Danilov ◽  
M. I. Slozhenkina ◽  
...  

Human health is largely determined by the nature, level and structure of nutrition. A promising direction in the development of new food products is the expansion of the base of used ingredients used to partially replace meat raw materials with vegetable ones, in order to maximize the saturation of products with nutrients that contribute to the maintenance of normal life of the consumer. The use of new food ingredients contributes to the actual task set by the State policy in the field of healthy eating — expanding the range of enriched and functional food products. The work is devoted to the study of baked whole-muscle products using turkey meat and vegetable dressing as sources of high protein content, which solves the problem of deficiency of this component in the diet. A recipe for brine with the addition of the food additive “Glimalask”, which has a complex effect on the products under study, has been presented. The evaluation of quality indicators of finished products has been carried out, the article presents the results of a comparative analysis of baked whole-muscle turkey meat products, calculations of the product cost price. The comparative analysis has shown that, in comparison with the control sample, the baked whole-muscle products from turkey meat with vegetative dressing have improved physical and chemical properties, outstanding organoleptic characteristics, the yield of the product increases by 9.0–12.0%, depending on the formulation. Differences in the dynamics of microbial growth in the experimental and control samples were insignificant, the vegetable dressing helps to slow the growth of microorganisms on the surface of the product. The presented baked whole-muscle turkey meat products using optimized brine and vegetable sprinkles of chickpeas, sesame and paprika are recommended to a wide range of consumers of different age groups.


2020 ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
S. I. Gamidov ◽  
T. V. Shatylko ◽  
K. I. Li ◽  
N. G. Gasanov

Empirical therapy of male infertility is used as a stand-alone type of treatment in idiopathic infertility, and in other situations can complement basic therapy. There are well-known pathogenetic methods of male infertility treatment applied in case of reproductive gland infection, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, ejaculation disorders. However, the prospects of empirical treatment of male infertility are not fully clear. Combined antioxidant drugs are very popular, which include a wide range of similar substances. However, their molecules significantly differ from each other in structure, chemical properties and set of biological functions, therefore, there is a number of questions that deserve separate discussion regarding their compatibility with each other. Antioxidants such as various water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, coenzyme Q10, zinc and carnitines are widely used in its composition to reduce sperm damage caused by oxidative stress. They are widely available and inexpensive compared to other methods of treatment. Although there are no results of large randomized controlled trials yet, there is some evidence that taking oral antioxidoidants improves the basic parameters of sperm and increases the frequency of childbirth. There are many antioxidant supplements in different dosage forms, with different compositions and modes of use. In this article, we have analyzed the effect of the main antioxidant substances used on semen parameters, the need for their combined use and the role of these substances in the body.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Élodie Dupey García

This article explores how the Nahua of late Postclassic Mesoamerica (1200–1521 CE) created living and material embodiments of their wind god constructed on the basis of sensory experiences that shaped their conception of this divinized meteorological phenomenon. In this process, they employed chromatic and design devices, based on a wide range of natural elements, to add several layers of meaning to the human, painted, and sculpted supports dressed in the god’s insignia. Through a comparative examination of pre-Columbian visual production—especially codices and sculptures—historical sources mainly written in Nahuatl during the viceregal period, and ethnographic data on indigenous communities in modern Mexico, my analysis targets the body paint and shell jewelry of the anthropomorphic “images” of the wind god, along with the Feathered Serpent and the monkey-inspired embodiments of the deity. This study identifies the centrality of other human senses beyond sight in the conception of the wind god and the making of its earthly manifestations. Constructing these deity “images” was tantamount to creating the wind because they were intended to be visual replicas of the wind’s natural behavior. At the same time, they referred to the identity and agency of the wind god in myths and rituals.


Author(s):  
Hamid Hussain ◽  
Divya Juyal ◽  
Archana Dhyani

Microsponge and Nanosponge delivery System was originally developed for topical delivery of drugs can also be used for controlled oral delivery of drugs using water soluble and bioerodible polymers. Microsponge delivery system (MDS) can entrap wide range of drugs and then release them onto the skin over a time by difussion mechanism to the skin. It is a unique technology for the controlled release of topical agents and consists of nano or micro porous beads loaded with active agent and also use for oral delivery of drugs using bioerodible polymers.


Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Author(s):  
D.V. Mitrofanov ◽  
N.V. Budnikova

The drone brood contains a large number of substances with antioxidant activity. These substances require stabilization and strict adherence to storage conditions. Among these substances are unique decenoic acids, the content of which is an indicator of the quality of drone brood and products based on it. The ability of drone brood to reduce the manifestations of oxidative stress is shown. There are dietary supplements for food and drugs based on drone brood, which are used for a wide range of diseases. Together with drone brood, chitosan-containing products, propolis, royal jelly can be used. They enrich the composition with their own biologically active substances and affect the preservation of the biologically active substances of the drone brood. Promising are the products containing, in addition to the drone brood, a chitin-chitosan-melanin complex from bees, propolis, royal jelly. The chitin-chitosan-melanin complex in the amount of 5% in the composition of the adsorbent practically does not affect the preservation of decenic acids, while in the amount of 2% and 10% it somewhat worsens. The acid-soluble and water-soluble chitosan of marine crustaceans significantly worsens the preservation of decenoic acids in the product. Drone brood with royal jelly demonstrates a rather high content of decenoic acids. When propolis is introduced into the composition of the product, the content of decenoic acids increases according to the content of propolis.


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