Screening for Anti-Diabetic Peptides from Moringa oleifera leaves

Author(s):  
Thiruchelvi. R ◽  
Priyadharshini. S ◽  
Rajakumari K.

Moringa oleifera commonly called as Drumstick tree is a multipurpose tree and it is widely present in the places like India, Asia, Africa, etc. Its leaves are emetic and their juices are used for medicinal purposes. Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome with insufficient insulin secretion and abnormal glucose tolerance. It is a group of diseases which results in too much sugar in the blood. Leaves from Moringa oleifera were collected, analysed for their anti- diabetic activity. First the proteins are extracted using protein extraction methods, estimated using Lowry’s method, and then anti- diabetic activity was checked using Glucose uptake assay by yeast cells, where the plant extract (small proteins) was able to uptake glucose. SDS-PAGE was carried out to check the protein’s size and molecular weight. The characterization of Moringa oleifera conducted in this study shows that the small peptides from the leaves of this plant can contribute significantly in the daily recommended intake of it, since it serves as a rich source of all minerals, vitamins etc. This study has confirmed that the small peptides from the leaves of M.oleifera can fight against diabetics and the result indicated that Murungai (Moringa) leaves are suitable source of green leaf to reduce the diabetic complications in diabetic patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Zetty Amirah Zulkifli ◽  
Zaidah Rahmat

Moringa oleifera is widely known as multipurpose tree since all of its parts confer multiple functions. The leaf is highly favourable among consumers while the petiole is mostly wasted. There are numerous studies on the flavonoid and antioxidant property of the stem and twig. However, study on the petiole has never been done. There-upon, this study was conducted to develop protein profiling of the petiole. In this study, 6 different protein extraction methods were tested on the fresh petiole before its protein quantity and quality were checked via Bradford assay and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) respectively. The in-solution digestion was then done prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. The protein electrophoretic pattern from the SDS-PAGE proves that method 6 using Tris HCl buffer with incorporation of dithiothreitol (DTT) and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) confers the best quality of protein. It produced the highest number of visible individual bands compared to other methods. Meanwhile, 93 proteins were successfully identified via LCMS analysis where the protein, signal response and carbohydrate metabolism categories confer the highest percentage. High quality and content of the protein extracted from the petiole including the antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic protein identified suggested that consuming this part of the plant could enhance nutrients of human body.


2019 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Rocchetti ◽  
Francesca Blasi ◽  
Domenico Montesano ◽  
Silvia Ghisoni ◽  
Maria Carla Marcotullio ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Fijalkowski ◽  
Marlies K. R. Peeters ◽  
Petra Van Damme

With the rapid growth in the number of sequenced genomes, genome annotation efforts became almost exclusively reliant on automated pipelines. Despite their unquestionable utility, these methods have been shown to underestimate the true complexity of the studied genomes, with small open reading frames (sORFs; ORFs typically considered shorter than 300 nucleotides) and, in consequence, their protein products (sORF encoded polypeptides or SEPs) being the primary example of a poorly annotated and highly underexplored class of genomic elements. With the advent of advanced translatomics such as ribosome profiling, reannotation efforts have progressed a great deal in providing translation evidence for numerous, previously unannotated sORFs. However, proteomics validation of these riboproteogenomics discoveries remains challenging due to their short length and often highly variable physiochemical properties. In this work we evaluate and compare tailored, yet easily adaptable, protein extraction methodologies for their efficacy in the extraction and concomitantly proteomics detection of SEPs expressed in the prokaryotic model pathogen Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). Further, an optimized protocol for the enrichment and efficient detection of SEPs making use of the of amphipathic polymer amphipol A8-35 and relying on differential peptide vs. protein solubility was developed and compared with global extraction methods making use of chaotropic agents. Given the versatile biological functions SEPs have been shown to exert, this work provides an accessible protocol for proteomics exploration of this fascinating class of small proteins.


Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
N. P. L. Laksmiani ◽  
I W. A. Widiantara ◽  
K. D. Adnyani ◽  
A. B. S. Pawarrangan

Moringa plants is very abundant in Indonesia. Moringa leaves are a source of polyphenol compounds, namely flavonoids. One of the main flavonoids found in Moringa leaves is quercetin. To be able to increase the concentration of quercetin from moringa plants, extraction is necessary. This study aims to determine the most optimal extraction method in extracting quercetin from Moringa leaves. Optimization of quersein extraction methods from Moringa leaves was carried out using maceration, soxhletation, and reflux methods. The solvent used was methanol acidified with 1,2 N HCl. Determination of the concentration of quercetin in the extract used a validated TLC-densitometry method. The highest rendement obtained from the maceration extraction method was 24.08 % w/w. Extraction by reflux and sochletation methods yielded rendement of 23.44 % w/w and 10.12 % w/w respectively. Qualitative analysis of quercetin in the extract was carried out by comparing its Rf value with the standard quercetin which is 0,4. The quercetin level of the extract from maceration extraction was the highest, which was 24.45 % w/w. Extraction using the soxhletation method obtained quercetin as much as 20.95 % w/w.   Keywords: quercetin, Moringa oleifera leaves, extraction method, optimization


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-451
Author(s):  
G. Restu Prinanda ◽  
◽  
Aji Prasetyaningrum ◽  
Wahyudi a ◽  
Dwi Purwati ◽  
...  

Moringa leaves contain phenolic compounds and flavonoids which are useful as antioxidants. The disadvantages of traditional extraction methods, such as maceration, include a lengthy extraction process and the use of excessive solvent. Therefore, in this study, moringa leaf extraction was carried out using sequential microwave ultrasonic-assisted extraction (MUAE) to speed up the extraction time, and get more yields. This study aimed to improve the extraction of Moringa leaves with MUAE by adjusting the extraction time, temperature, and ethanol percentage. The conditions varied at extraction time (0, 10, 15, 20, 30 minutes), temperature (30, 40, 50, 60, 80 oC), and ethanol concentration (0, 30, 50, 70, 90%). The findings revealed that the best conditions for extraction Moringa leaves with sequential microwave-ultrasonic assisted extraction were at a time of 15 minutes, a temperature of 55oC, and an ethanol percentage of 54%. In this condition, the extract yield was 12.95%, total phenolic 330.38 GAE mg / 100 g, flavonoids in total 298.15 QE mg / 100 g, the IC50for antioxidant activity is 78.37 ppm.


Author(s):  
Ashraf Albrakati

Tramadol, a broadly in recent years, is an effective analgesic agent for the treatment of moderate to acute pain. Its metabolites are excreted by the kidney which may cause nephrotoxicity. Moringa oleifera leaves are commonly used to provide herbal and plant-derived medicinal products especially in developing nations. The present study was carried out to determine the biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of tramadol-treated albino mice and to evaluate the possible protective role of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty adult albino mice were divided into four groups. Control group (group i) received daily intraperitoneal injection of normal saline only, group ii received oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (20 mg/kg/bw) for three weeks, group iii received daily intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw) for the same period, group iv, received daily oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract, (20 mg/kg/bw) three hours before injecting intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw), for the same period. Blood samples were withdrawn at the end of the experiment for kidney function tests and specimens from the kidney were processed for histological study. No significant differences in the mean values of the kidney function tests were noticed between Moringa oleifera group and control group. However, there was highly significant increase in the mean values of serum, urea and creatinine in tramadol-treated group as compared to the control group. Although tramadol + Moringa oleifera group revealed significant difference in the mean values of urea and creatinine when compared with tramadol-treated group. So, Moringa oleifera leaves extract have been shown to attenuate the renal dysfunction, improve the renal architecture, with nearly normalization of serum urea and creatinine levels which indicate improvement of renal function. In conclusion, in the light of biochemical results and histological findings, co-administration of Moringa oleifera leaves lessened the negative effects of tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity; possibly by its antioxidant action. Further investigation of these promising protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced renal injury may have considerable impact on developing an adjunct therapy aiming to improve the therapeutic index of some nephrotoxic drugs.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document